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Past Questions
Which of the following is not an example of Operating System?
A)
Red Hat Linux
B)
Windows 98
C)
BSD Unix
D)
Microsoft Office XP
To solve this question, we must distinguish between System Software (Operating Systems) and Application Software.
1. **Operating System (OS):** This is the primary system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.
- **Red Hat Linux (Option a):** A widely used enterprise-grade Linux distribution (OS).
- **Windows 98 (Option b):** A legacy operating system developed by Microsoft (OS).
- **BSD Unix (Option c):** Berkeley Software Distribution is a family of Unix-like operating systems (OS).
2. **Application Software:** This is software designed to perform specific tasks for the user.
- **Microsoft Office XP (Option d):** This is a productivity suite containing applications like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. It runs *on top* of an operating system; it is not an operating system itself.
Therefore, Microsoft Office XP is the only option that is not an Operating System.
A device that allows computer users to communicate with one another over telephone lines is called-
A)
Microprocessor
B)
Network
C)
Assembler
D)
Modem
The correct answer is 'Modem'. A modem (short for Modulator-Demodulator) is a hardware device that converts digital data from a computer into analog signals that can travel over telephone lines (modulation) and converts incoming analog signals back into digital data for the computer (demodulation). This process allows computers to communicate over traditional PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) lines.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Microprocessor: This is the central processing unit (CPU) of the computer, responsible for executing instructions, not for external communication over phone lines.
- b. Network: A network is a general term for a collection of interconnected computers. While a modem helps a computer join a network, the 'device' specifically used for telephone line communication is the modem.
- c. Assembler: This is a piece of software (a translator) that converts assembly language code into machine code; it is not a hardware communication device.
Which one of the following is mainly used for checking objective type answer papers in the examination?
A)
MICR
B)
OMR
C)
OCR
D)
All of these
The question asks for the technology used to check objective-type answer papers (such as multiple-choice questions).
1. **OMR (Optical Mark Recognition)**: This technology is specifically designed to detect the presence or absence of a mark (usually a pencil or pen fill) in a predefined position on a paper. This is the standard method used for grading OMR sheets in competitive exams because it is fast, accurate, and automated.
2. **MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)**: This is used primarily by the banking industry to process checks. It reads special magnetic ink characters printed at the bottom of checks to identify account numbers and routing information. It is not used for exam papers.
3. **OCR (Optical Character Recognition)**: This technology converts different types of documents (like scanned PDFs or images of handwritten/typed text) into editable and searchable data. While it reads characters, it is not the primary tool for 'checking' objective marks, as OMR is far more efficient for simple mark detection.
Therefore, OMR is the correct choice.
The brain of any computer system is -
A)
Control Unit
B)
Monitor
C)
CPU
D)
ALU
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is widely referred to as the 'brain' of the computer because it is the primary component responsible for interpreting and executing most of the commands from the computer's hardware and software. It performs the fundamental operations of fetching, decoding, and executing instructions.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Control Unit (CU): While the CU is a critical part of the CPU that manages the flow of data, it is only one component of the 'brain,' not the entire brain itself.
- b. Monitor: This is an output device used to display visual information to the user; it has no processing capabilities.
- d. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Like the Control Unit, the ALU is a sub-component of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and logical comparisons. It is a part of the brain, but not the whole brain.
Restarting of computer that is already on is referred to as -
A)
Cold booting
B)
Logging off
C)
Shut down
D)
Warm booting
Booting is the process of starting or restarting a computer. There are two primary types of booting:
1. Cold Booting: This occurs when a computer is started from a completely powered-off state (pressing the physical power button). It performs a full hardware initialization.
2. Warm Booting: This occurs when a computer is restarted while it is already powered on, without cutting the power to the hardware. This is typically done via the 'Restart' command in the operating system or by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Delete.
Analyzing the other options:
- Logging off (b) only ends the current user session but does not restart the system hardware or OS kernel.
- Shut down (c) is the process of powering off the computer completely.
Therefore, restarting a computer that is already on is specifically referred to as Warm booting.
Check the odd term out
A)
Internet
B)
Linux
C)
Unix
D)
Windows
To identify the odd term out, we must categorize the given options based on their function in computer science:
1. **Linux (Option b):** This is an open-source operating system (OS) that manages computer hardware and software resources.
2. **Unix (Option c):** This is a powerful multi-user, multitasking operating system upon which many other OSs (like Linux and macOS) are based.
3. **Windows (Option d):** This is a widely used proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft.
**Comparison:** Options b, c, and d are all examples of **Operating Systems**.
**Internet (Option a):** The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers that use the TCP/IP protocol suite to communicate. It is a **network infrastructure**, not an operating system.
Therefore, 'Internet' is the odd term out because it is a network, while the others are operating systems.
Any part of the computer, which can be seen by the eyes and felt by touching, is called -
A)
Hardware
B)
Software
C)
Liveware
D)
Firmware
The question asks for the term describing the physical components of a computer system.
1. **Hardware (Option a):** This refers to the physical, tangible parts of a computer system that can be seen and touched. Examples include the monitor, keyboard, mouse, CPU, hard drive, and RAM. This perfectly matches the description in the question.
2. **Software (Option b):** This refers to the set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. Software is intangible; you cannot touch a program or an operating system physically.
3. **Liveware (Option c):** This is a term sometimes used to describe the human element—the people who operate, program, and maintain the computer system. While humans are physical, 'Liveware' is not a part of the computer machine itself.
4. **Firmware (Option d):** This is a specific type of software that is embedded directly into a hardware device (like the BIOS in a motherboard). While it resides on a physical chip, the firmware itself is the code (software), not the physical chip (hardware).
Which of the following computer language is used for artificial intelligence?
A)
FORTRAN
B)
COBOL
C)
INDEXING
D)
PROLOG
Step-by-step reasoning:
1. **Analyze the requirement**: The question asks for a computer language specifically used for Artificial Intelligence (AI).
2. **Evaluate Option (a) FORTRAN**: FORTRAN (Formula Translation) is one of the oldest high-level languages, primarily designed for scientific and engineering calculations (numerical analysis).
3. **Evaluate Option (b) COBOL**: COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) was designed specifically for business, finance, and administrative systems for companies.
4. **Evaluate Option (c) INDEXING**: Indexing is not a programming language; it is a data structure technique used in databases and file systems to speed up data retrieval.
5. **Evaluate Option (d) PROLOG**: PROLOG (Programming in Logic) is a logic programming language associated with artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. It is designed to handle symbolic reasoning and pattern matching, which are core components of AI systems (such as expert systems).
Conclusion: PROLOG is the correct language for AI among the given choices.
A Computer which is portable and easy to carry by travellers is -
A)
Super computer
B)
Laptop
C)
Mini computer
D)
Desk top
The question asks for a computer that is portable and easy to carry.
1. **Laptop (Option b):** A laptop is a battery-powered personal computer with a clamshell design, integrating a screen, keyboard, and pointing device into a single unit. Its compact size and portability make it specifically designed for users who need to carry their computer while traveling. This is the correct answer.
2. **Super computer (Option a):** These are the most powerful computers in existence, used for complex calculations (like weather forecasting). They are massive in size, occupying entire rooms, and are not portable.
3. **Mini computer (Option c):** Also known as mid-range servers, these are larger than personal computers but smaller than mainframes. They are designed for multiple users and are not portable.
4. **Desk top (Option d):** As the name suggests, these are designed to stay on a desk. They consist of separate components (monitor, CPU tower, keyboard) and are not intended to be carried by travelers.
Web pages are written using
A)
HTML
B)
HTTP
C)
FTP
D)
URL
Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Analysis of the requirement: The question asks for the language or tool used to 'write' (create the structure and content of) web pages.
2. Evaluating Option (a) HTML: HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard markup language used to create the structure of web pages. Browsers read HTML files and render them into visible web pages. This is the correct answer.
3. Evaluating Option (b) HTTP: HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol. It is a protocol used for transmitting data (like HTML documents) over the web from a server to a client (browser). It is a communication rule, not a writing language.
4. Evaluating Option (c) FTP: FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It is used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network. It is not used to write the content of a web page.
5. Evaluating Option (d) URL: URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is the web address used to locate a specific resource (like a web page) on the internet. It is an address, not a language.
One kilobyte is equal to
A)
1024 bytes
B)
2048 bytes
C)
1023 bytes
D)
10000 bytes
In computer science and digital storage, memory is measured using the binary system (base 2). A byte consists of 8 bits. The prefix 'kilo' in the context of binary memory refers to 2 raised to the power of 10 (2^10), which equals 1,024. Therefore, 1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1,024 bytes.
Analysis of options:
- Option (a) 1024 bytes: Correct, as 2^10 = 1024.
- Option (b) 2048 bytes: Incorrect, this is equal to 2 KB.
- Option (c) 1023 bytes: Incorrect, this is 1 KB minus 1 byte.
- Option (d) 10000 bytes: Incorrect, this is a decimal approximation and not the standard binary measurement used for memory units in this context.
Which IT company is nickname ‘The Big Blue’
A)
Infosys
B)
IBM
C)
Wipro
D)
TCS
The nickname 'Big Blue' is widely used to refer to IBM (International Business Machines Corporation). This nickname originated from several factors: the company's dominant market position in the mainframe computer era (making it 'Big'), the blue color of its corporate logo, and the blue suits traditionally worn by its sales force and executives.
Analysis of other options:
- a. Infosys: An Indian multinational IT company, not associated with this nickname.
- c. Wipro: An Indian multinational corporation, not associated with this nickname.
- d. TCS (Tata Consultancy Services): An Indian multinational IT services company, not associated with this nickname.
Which app has been launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi for government services?
A)
Umang
B)
BhimYug
C)
Bharat
D)
Ujala
The UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance) app was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to provide a single platform for citizens to access a wide range of central and state government services. It aims to consolidate multiple government apps into one, promoting the 'Minimum Government, Maximum Governance' vision.
Analysis of other options:
- b. BhimYug: This is not a recognized government service app. (BHIM is a UPI payment app, but 'BhimYug' is incorrect).
- c. Bharat: While 'Bharat' is the name of the country and used in various schemes, there is no single 'Bharat' app that serves as the primary portal for government services.
- d. Ujala: Ujala is a scheme (LED bulb distribution) rather than a comprehensive government services application.
The first State to endorse Triple Talaq Draft Bill in India
A)
Maharastra
B)
Madhya Pradesh
C)
Uttar Pradesh
D)
Gujarat
In 2018, the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly became the first state assembly in India to pass a resolution supporting the Central Government's draft bill to criminalize 'Triple Talaq' (Talaq-e-Biddat). This occurred prior to the formal enactment of the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019, by the Parliament of India. The Maharashtra government moved the resolution to endorse the draft bill, signaling state-level support for the legal ban on the practice. Therefore, Maharashtra is recognized as the first state to endorse the draft bill.
Which of the following State became the first Indian state to pass a bill awarding death to those found guilty of raping girls aged 12 years and below?
A)
Maharastra
B)
Madhya Pradesh
C)
Haryana
D)
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh became the first state in India to pass a bill introducing the death penalty for the rape of girls aged 12 years and below. This was done through the 'Madhya Pradesh Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill, 2018', which sought to amend the Indian Penal Code (IPC) to provide for the death penalty in such heinous crimes. While the central government had already introduced similar provisions in the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2018 (following the Nirbhaya case and subsequent amendments), Madhya Pradesh was the first state to independently move a legislative bill to this effect to strengthen the deterrence against child rape. Options a, c, and d are incorrect as they were not the first states to pass such a specific state-level bill for this age bracket.
The unified and integrated app known as ‘YONO (You Only Need One) that enables the users access to a variety of financial and other services is associated with-
A)
United Bank of India
B)
Syndicate Bank
C)
State Bank of India
D)
Axis Bank
YONO, which stands for 'You Only Need One', is a digital banking platform launched by the State Bank of India (SBI). It is designed as an integrated 'one-stop-shop' application that provides a wide array of services, including traditional banking (savings, loans, deposits), investments, and non-banking services like shopping and travel bookings.
Analysis of options:
- a. United Bank of India: This bank was merged into State Bank of India in 2019; it did not launch YONO.
- b. Syndicate Bank: This bank was also merged into State Bank of India in 2019; it did not launch YONO.
- c. State Bank of India: Correct. SBI launched YONO to digitize its customer experience and move toward a 'paperless' banking environment.
- d. Axis Bank: Axis Bank has its own mobile banking applications but is not associated with the YONO platform.
The first country to leave International Criminal Court (ICC) recently -
A)
Gambia
B)
South Africa
C)
Burundi
D)
Botswana
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is established by the Rome Statute. Burundi became the first country to officially withdraw from the ICC. Burundi submitted its notice of withdrawal in October 2016, and the withdrawal became effective on October 27, 2017. The decision followed the ICC's decision to open a preliminary examination into alleged crimes against humanity in Burundi.
Regarding the other options:
- Gambia: While Gambia once considered withdrawing or faced political shifts, it remains a member.
- South Africa: South Africa initiated a process to withdraw from the ICC in 2016, but the South African High Court later ruled that the government's attempt to withdraw was unconstitutional without parliamentary approval; thus, it did not officially leave.
- Botswana: Botswana expressed intentions to withdraw but did not complete the process to become the first to leave.
Which film has won the Golden Peacock award for the Best Film at the International Film Festival of India (IFFI-2017)?
A)
Donbass
B)
120 Beats Per Minute
C)
Dark Skull
D)
Angels Wear White
The 48th International Film Festival of India (IFFI), held in 2017 in Goa, awarded the 'Golden Peacock' (the top prize for Best Film) to the movie 'Donbass'. Directed by Sergei Loznitsa, 'Donbass' is a satirical look at the conflict in eastern Ukraine.
Analysis of other options:
- '120 Beats Per Minute' (120 battements par minute) is a critically acclaimed French film from 2017, but it did not win the Golden Peacock at IFFI 2017.
- 'Dark Skull' and 'Angels Wear White' are not the recipients of the Golden Peacock award for the 2017 edition of the festival.
Which of the following is also known as the ‘Great Circle’?
A)
Tropic of Cancer
B)
Tropic of Capricorn
C)
Equator
D)
Pacific Ring of Fire
In geography and geometry, a 'Great Circle' is defined as any circle that circumnavigates the globe and passes through the center of the Earth, thereby dividing the sphere into two equal hemispheres. The Equator is the most prominent example of a Great Circle because it is the only line of latitude that divides the Earth exactly into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. All lines of longitude (meridians) are also halves of great circles.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) and Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° S) are 'Small Circles' because they do not pass through the center of the Earth and divide the sphere into unequal parts.
- The Pacific Ring of Fire is a geological region characterized by high volcanic and seismic activity; it is not a geometric circle or a line of latitude/longitude.
Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad won 2018’s Nobel Prize for-
A)
Literature
B)
Physics
C)
Peace
D)
Economics
The 2018 Nobel Peace Prize was jointly awarded to Dr. Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad. Dr. Denis Mukwege is a Congolese gynecologist and human rights activist known for treating victims of sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nadia Murad is an Iraqi Yazidi woman who survived captivity by ISIS and became a global advocate against the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Literature: The 2018 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Olga Tokarczuk.
- Physics: The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Arthur Ashkin, Gérard Mourou, and Donna Strickland.
- Economics: The 2018 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was awarded to William Nordhaus and Paul Romer.
The State Government which is setting up the world’s first IT Campus for differently-abled persons-
A)
Odisha
B)
Telangana
C)
Uttar Pradesh
D)
Punjab
The Government of Telangana announced the establishment of the world's first IT campus specifically designed for differently-abled persons. This initiative is part of the state's commitment to inclusive growth and digital empowerment, aiming to provide specialized training in information technology, software development, and data analytics to persons with disabilities (PwDs) to enhance their employability in the tech sector.
- Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, and Punjab have various welfare schemes for the differently-abled, but they have not established a dedicated 'world's first IT Campus' of this specific nature.
- Telangana's focus on becoming a global tech hub (via Hyderabad) provided the infrastructure and vision to launch this unique inclusive educational facility.
Expands the term BPO?
A)
Business Point Optimum
B)
Below Poverty Order
C)
Business Plan Optimum
D)
Business Process Outsourcing
BPO stands for Business Process Outsourcing. It is a business practice in which a company hires an external service provider to perform a specific business function or process (such as payroll, customer support, or human resources) to increase efficiency, reduce costs, or focus on core competencies.
Analysis of options:
- Option (a) 'Business Point Optimum' is a fabricated term and not a recognized business acronym.
- Option (b) 'Below Poverty Order' is incorrect; while 'Below Poverty Line' (BPL) is a common term, 'Below Poverty Order' is not the expansion of BPO.
- Option (c) 'Business Plan Optimum' is a fabricated term and not a recognized business acronym.
- Option (d) 'Business Process Outsourcing' is the standard and globally accepted expansion of the term BPO.
How many candidates are there in the recently concluded General Election to Mizoram Legislative Assembly, 2018?
A)
192 candidates
B)
206 candidates
C)
209 candidates
D)
212 candidates
The General Election to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly was held on November 28, 2018. According to the official data provided by the Election Commission of India (ECI) and the Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) of Mizoram, a total of 209 candidates contested the elections for the 40 assembly seats. This number includes candidates from recognized political parties as well as independent candidates. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. Options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect as they do not match the official candidate count recorded for the 2018 Mizoram elections.
Which country is famously known as ‘Lady of Snow’?
A)
Russia
B)
Canada
C)
Netherland
D)
Norway
Norway is famously referred to as the 'Lady of Snow' due to its geographical location in the Arctic region, its extensive glaciers, and the prevalence of snow throughout much of the year across its mountainous terrain.
Analysis of other options:
- Russia: While it is the largest country and has vast snowy regions (Siberia), it is not traditionally referred to by this specific sobriquet.
- Canada: Known for its cold climate and snow, but it is not known as the 'Lady of Snow'.
- Netherland: A low-lying country known for its canals and windmills, not for being a 'Lady of Snow'.
Writer of the famous book, “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings”
A)
Maya Angelou
B)
JK Rowlings
C)
Joyce Meyers
D)
Arundhati Roy
Step-by-step reasoning: 1. Identify the book: 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings' is a world-renowned non-fiction autobiography published in 1969. 2. Identify the author: The book was written by Maya Angelou, an American poet and civil rights activist. It describes her childhood and early adulthood, focusing on themes of identity, trauma, and resilience. 3. Evaluate other options: (b) JK Rowling is the author of the 'Harry Potter' series. (c) Joyce Meyer is a Christian author and speaker. (d) Arundhati Roy is an Indian author known for 'The God of Small Things'. Therefore, option 'a' is the only correct answer.
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