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Past Questions
The Tab which allows you to control the look and the appearance of your presentation.
A)
Transition tab
B)
Insert tab
C)
Design tab
D)
Animation tab
In Microsoft PowerPoint, the 'Design' tab is specifically dedicated to the visual aesthetics of the presentation. It allows users to change the theme, choose color schemes, adjust the slide size, and apply background styles, all of which control the overall 'look and appearance' of the slides.
Here is why the other options are incorrect:
- a. Transition tab: This controls the visual effect that occurs when moving from one slide to the next (the movement between slides), not the overall look of the presentation.
- b. Insert tab: This is used to add elements to a slide, such as images, tables, shapes, and charts.
- d. Animation tab: This controls the visual effects applied to individual objects (text, images) on a single slide to make them move or appear in a specific way.
In MS-Word, AutoCorrect is a feature that automatically correct as you type.
A)
Incorrect sentence
B)
Short, Repetitive
C)
Spelling mistake
D)
Sentences
The AutoCorrect feature in Microsoft Word is designed to automatically detect and correct common typing errors, specifically spelling mistakes and capitalization errors, in real-time as the user types. For example, if a user types 'teh', AutoCorrect automatically changes it to 'the'.
Analysis of options:
- Option (a) 'Incorrect sentence': AutoCorrect does not typically rewrite entire sentences for grammatical correctness; that is the role of the Grammar Checker.
- Option (b) 'Short, Repetitive': While AutoCorrect can be used to create shortcuts for repetitive text (AutoText), the primary definition of the feature as described in the prompt ('automatically correct as you type') refers to fixing errors.
- Option (c) 'Spelling mistake': This is the primary function of AutoCorrect—fixing common misspellings instantly.
- Option (d) 'Sentences': AutoCorrect does not 'correct sentences' as a whole, but rather individual words or characters within them.
What is the purpose of a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) in a computer?
A)
To store data
B)
To process data
C)
To display images
D)
To provide power to the computer
A Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is a hardware component that converts the alternating current (AC) from a wall outlet into the regulated low-voltage direct current (DC) required by the computer's internal components (such as the motherboard, CPU, and hard drives).
Analysis of options:
- Option (a) is incorrect because data storage is the function of devices like HDDs, SSDs, or RAM.
- Option (b) is incorrect because data processing is the function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
- Option (c) is incorrect because displaying images is the function of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and the monitor.
- Option (d) is correct as the primary and sole purpose of the SMPS is to manage and provide electrical power to the system.
A series of commands and instructions that you group together as a single command to accomplish a task automatically in MS word.
A)
AutoCorrect
B)
Thesaurus
C)
Macro
D)
Grammar Check
A Macro in MS Word is a tool that allows users to record a sequence of commands, keystrokes, and mouse clicks and save them as a single command. This is used to automate repetitive tasks, significantly increasing productivity.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. AutoCorrect: This is a feature that automatically fixes common misspellings or replaces specific text patterns with other text as you type, but it does not group a series of complex commands.
- b. Thesaurus: This is a reference tool used to find synonyms and antonyms for a selected word.
- d. Grammar Check: This is a proofing tool that analyzes the document for grammatical errors and suggests corrections.
What is the role of application software?
A)
To manage hardware
B)
To perform specific tasks for users
C)
To control system resources
D)
To execute system commands
Software is generally divided into two main categories: System Software and Application Software.
1. **Application Software** is designed to carry out specific tasks for the end-user. Examples include word processors (Microsoft Word), web browsers (Google Chrome), spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel), and media players. Its primary role is to provide functionality that allows the user to accomplish a particular goal.
2. **System Software** (which includes the Operating System) is designed to manage the computer's hardware and provide a platform for application software to run.
Evaluating the options:
- **Option a (To manage hardware):** This is the role of System Software/Operating System.
- **Option b (To perform specific tasks for users):** This is the correct definition of Application Software.
- **Option c (To control system resources):** This is the role of the Operating System (a type of system software).
- **Option d (To execute system commands):** This is typically handled by the Command Line Interface (CLI) or the OS kernel, which are parts of system software.
Which network topology does the Internet most closely resemble?
A)
Ring
B)
Mesh
C)
Bus
D)
Star
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks. It does not rely on a single central hub, a single cable, or a circular path. Instead, it is designed as a 'network of networks' where routers and switches are interconnected in a highly redundant manner. This structure is known as a Mesh Topology (specifically a partial mesh). In a mesh topology, multiple paths exist between any two nodes, ensuring that if one link fails, data can be rerouted through another path, which is critical for the Internet's resilience and reliability.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Ring: In a ring topology, data travels in one direction from node to node. If one node or link fails, the entire network can go down.
- Bus: A bus topology uses a single central cable (backbone) to connect all devices. This is not scalable to a global level and creates a single point of failure.
- Star: A star topology connects all nodes to a single central hub. While individual local networks (LANs) often use star topologies, the global Internet cannot function with one single central hub for the entire world.
What type of cable is used for most modern Ethernet networks?
A)
Coaxial cable
B)
Fiber optic cable
C)
Twisted pair cable
D)
Shielded cable
Step-by-step reasoning: 1. Ethernet networks have evolved through various physical media. Early Ethernet (10Base2, 10Base5) used coaxial cables, but these are now obsolete for general LAN use. 2. Modern Ethernet standards (such as 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T) primarily utilize Twisted Pair cables, specifically Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) categories like Cat5e, Cat6, and Cat6a. 3. Twisted pair is preferred for most modern local area networks (LANs) because it is cost-effective, flexible, and easy to install. 4. While Fiber optic cable (Option b) is used for high-speed backbones and long distances, it is not the 'most common' cable for general end-user device connectivity in modern Ethernet networks. 5. Shielded cable (Option d) is a specific subtype of twisted pair (STP) used in high-interference environments, but the general category is 'Twisted pair'. Therefore, Option c is the most accurate and comprehensive answer.
What is the default file extension used by Excel 2016 and later versions?
A)
xls
B)
.xlsx
C)
xlsm
D)
.xlsb
Step-by-step reasoning:
1. **Identification of Default Extension**: Starting from Microsoft Excel 2007 and continuing through Excel 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Office 365, Microsoft transitioned to the Office Open XML format. The default file extension for a standard workbook is '.xlsx'.
2. **Analysis of Options**:
- **a. .xls**: This was the default extension for Excel 97 through Excel 2003. It is a binary format and is not the default for version 2016.
- **b. .xlsx**: This is the correct default extension for Excel 2007 and all subsequent versions, including 2016. The 'x' at the end stands for XML.
- **c. .xlsm**: This extension is used specifically for Excel workbooks that contain Macros. While supported in 2016, it is not the 'default' for a standard blank workbook.
- **d. .xlsb**: This is the Excel Binary Workbook format. It is used for very large spreadsheets to improve performance and reduce file size, but it is not the default extension.
Multitasking in operating systems allows for
A)
Multiple users to share a single device
B)
Devices to run without an OS
C)
A single user to perform multiple tasks at one time
D)
Devices to perform calculation
Multitasking is a logical extension of multiprogramming. It allows a single user to run multiple applications (tasks) seemingly simultaneously on a single computer system. The operating system achieves this by rapidly switching the CPU's attention between different tasks (context switching), giving the illusion that all programs are running at the same time.
Analysis of other options:
- Option (a) refers to 'Multi-user' systems or 'Time-sharing' systems, where multiple users access a central server.
- Option (b) is incorrect because multitasking is a feature provided by the Operating System; a device cannot perform OS-level multitasking without an OS.
- Option (d) is a general function of a CPU/Computer, not a specific definition of multitasking.
What is the shortcut to duplicate a slide in PowerPoint?
A)
Ctrl+C
B)
Ctrl+X
C)
Ctrl+V
D)
Ctrl+D
In Microsoft PowerPoint, the shortcut Ctrl+D is specifically designed to 'Duplicate' the selected object or slide. When a slide is selected in the Slide Navigation pane, pressing Ctrl+D immediately creates an exact copy of that slide and places it directly after the original.
Analysis of other options:
- Ctrl+C: This is the 'Copy' command. While it can be used to copy a slide, it requires a subsequent 'Paste' action to create the duplicate.
- Ctrl+X: This is the 'Cut' command, which removes the selected slide from its current position and places it on the clipboard.
- Ctrl+V: This is the 'Paste' command, which inserts the content currently held on the clipboard into the presentation.
What is the main function of the HTTPS protocol?
A)
To increase website speed
B)
To compress web pages
C)
To improve SEO
D)
To secure data transfer between a user and a website
HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. It is the secure version of HTTP. The main function of HTTPS is to encrypt the data transmitted between a web browser (the user) and the web server (the website) using TLS (Transport Layer Security) or its predecessor, SSL (Secure Sockets Layer). This prevents attackers from eavesdropping on or tampering with sensitive information such as passwords, credit card numbers, and personal data.
Analysis of other options:
- Option (a): HTTPS actually introduces a slight overhead due to the encryption/decryption process (the 'handshake'), so it does not inherently increase website speed.
- Option (b): Compression is handled by other mechanisms (like Gzip or Brotli) and is not the primary purpose of the 'S' (Secure) in HTTPS.
- Option (c): While Google and other search engines use HTTPS as a ranking signal (which can indirectly improve SEO), this is a secondary benefit/consequence, not the primary technical function of the protocol itself.
In HTTP, what status code indicates that the server cannot find the requested resource?
A)
200 OK
B)
404 Not Found
C)
301 Moved Permanently
D)
500 Internal Server Error
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) status codes are divided into five classes based on the first digit.
1. **Option b (404 Not Found)** is correct because the 4xx class of status codes indicates 'Client Errors'. Specifically, the 404 code is returned when the server cannot find the requested resource (URL), meaning the server is reachable but the specific page or file does not exist.
2. **Option a (200 OK)** is incorrect because the 2xx class indicates 'Success'. A 200 code means the request was successful and the resource is being delivered.
3. **Option c (301 Moved Permanently)** is incorrect because the 3xx class indicates 'Redirection'. A 301 code tells the client that the resource has been permanently moved to a new URL.
4. **Option d (500 Internal Server Error)** is incorrect because the 5xx class indicates 'Server Errors'. A 500 code means the server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request, regardless of whether the resource exists or not.
What does an operating system primarily do?
A)
To perform calculations
B)
To manage computer hardware and software resources
C)
To display graphics
D)
To store data
An Operating System (OS) acts as an intermediary between the computer user and the computer hardware. Its primary purpose is to provide an environment in which a user can execute programs in a convenient and efficient manner.
1. Why Option (b) is correct: The OS is responsible for resource management, which includes Process Management (CPU scheduling), Memory Management (RAM allocation), Storage Management (File systems), and Device Management (I/O controllers). It ensures that different programs and users share the hardware resources without conflict.
2. Why Option (a) is incorrect: Performing calculations is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), specifically the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), not the OS itself.
3. Why Option (c) is incorrect: Displaying graphics is the primary role of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and the display drivers. While the OS provides the API to render graphics, the 'primary' purpose of the OS is broader management.
4. Why Option (d) is incorrect: Storing data is the function of storage hardware (such as HDDs, SSDs, or NVMe drives). The OS manages how that data is stored (via the file system), but the act of storage is a hardware capability.
Which function can be used to conditionally sum values in a range based on a criterion?
A)
SUMIF()
B)
SUM()
C)
IFSUM()
D)
TOTALIF()
The SUMIF() function in MS Excel is specifically designed to add the cells specified by a given number criterion or condition. Its syntax is =SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]), where it evaluates the 'range' against the 'criteria' and sums the corresponding values in the 'sum_range'.
Analysis of other options:
- b. SUM(): This function adds all numbers in a range regardless of any condition.
- c. IFSUM(): This is not a valid built-in function in MS Excel.
- d. TOTALIF(): This is not a valid built-in function in MS Excel.
In MS-Word, the shortcut key for splitting a Window or remove the split view.
A)
Ctrl+Alt+V
B)
Alt+Ctrl+S
C)
Ctrl+Alt+O
D)
Ctrl+Alt+N
In Microsoft Word, the shortcut key 'Alt + Ctrl + S' is used to split the document window into two panes, allowing the user to view two different parts of the same document simultaneously. Pressing the same shortcut again removes the split view.
Analysis of other options:
- Ctrl+Alt+V: This is not a standard global shortcut for window splitting in MS Word (Ctrl+Alt+V is often associated with 'Paste Special' in some applications, though the standard Word shortcut for Paste Special is Ctrl+Alt+V in some versions or accessed via the ribbon).
- Ctrl+Alt+O: This is not the shortcut for splitting windows.
- Ctrl+Alt+N: This is not the shortcut for splitting windows.
A sum of money on compound interest amounts to ₹ 29040 in 3 years and ₹ 19360 in 2 years. The rate of interest per annum is :
A)
50%
B)
10%
C)
20%
D)
5%
Option A is correct: 50%.
The percentage increase in the area of a rectangle, if each of its sides is increased by 20%
A)
22%
B)
33%
C)
44%
D)
55%
Step-by-step solution:
1. Let the original length of the rectangle be 'L' and the original width be 'W'.
2. The original area (A1) = L × W.
3. Each side is increased by 20%. Therefore, the new length (L') = L + 0.20L = 1.2L, and the new width (W') = W + 0.20W = 1.2W.
4. The new area (A2) = L' × W' = (1.2L) × (1.2W) = 1.44 × (L × W) = 1.44A1.
5. The increase in area = A2 - A1 = 1.44A1 - A1 = 0.44A1.
6. The percentage increase = (Increase / Original Area) × 100 = (0.44A1 / A1) × 100 = 44%.
Alternative Method (Successive Percentage Formula):
When two dimensions of a product are increased by x% and y%, the net percentage increase is given by: x + y + (xy/100).
Here, x = 20 and y = 20.
Net increase = 20 + 20 + (20 × 20 / 100) = 40 + (400 / 100) = 40 + 4 = 44%.
In an election between two candidates, one got 55% of the total valid votes, 20% of the votes were invalid. If the total number of votes was 7500, the number of valid votes that the other candidate got, was:
A)
2500
B)
2700
C)
2900
D)
3100
Step-by-step solution:
1. **Calculate the total number of valid votes**:
Total votes = 7500.
Invalid votes = 20% of 7500 = (20/100) * 7500 = 1500.
Valid votes = Total votes - Invalid votes = 7500 - 1500 = 6000.
2. **Determine the percentage of valid votes for the other candidate**:
Candidate 1 got 55% of the valid votes.
Therefore, Candidate 2 (the other candidate) got (100% - 55%) = 45% of the valid votes.
3. **Calculate the number of valid votes for the other candidate**:
Number of votes = 45% of 6000
= (45/100) * 6000
= 45 * 60
= 2700.
Conclusion: The other candidate received 2700 valid votes. Option (b) is correct. Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect as they do not match the calculated result.
A bag contains 50 P, 25 P and 10 P coins in the ratio 5: 9: 4, amounting to Rs. 206. Find the number of coins of each type respectively.
A)
360, 160, 200
B)
160, 360, 200
C)
200, 360, 160
D)
200, 160, 300
Step-by-step solution:
1. **Identify the given data**:
- Ratio of coins (50P : 25P : 10P) = 5 : 9 : 4
- Total amount = Rs. 206
2. **Set up the variables**:
Let the number of coins be 5x, 9x, and 4x respectively.
3. **Convert the value of coins into a common unit (Rupees)**:
- Value of 50P coins = 5x * 0.50 = 2.5x
- Value of 25P coins = 9x * 0.25 = 2.25x
- Value of 10P coins = 4x * 0.10 = 0.4x
4. **Formulate the equation based on the total amount**:
2.5x + 2.25x + 0.4x = 206
5.15x = 206
5. **Solve for x**:
x = 206 / 5.15
x = 40
6. **Calculate the number of coins for each type**:
- 50P coins = 5 * 40 = 200
- 25P coins = 9 * 40 = 360
- 10P coins = 4 * 40 = 160
7. **Verification**:
(200 * 0.50) + (360 * 0.25) + (160 * 0.10) = 100 + 90 + 16 = Rs. 206. The calculation is correct.
Comparing this result to the options:
Option (a) 360, 160, 200 is incorrect.
Option (b) 160, 360, 200 is incorrect.
Option (c) 200, 360, 160 matches our result.
Option (d) 200, 160, 300 is incorrect.
Insert the missing number. 7, 26, 63, 124, 215, 342, (....)
A)
391
B)
421
C)
481
D)
511
To solve this number series, we look for a mathematical pattern relating the numbers. By observing the numbers, we can see that each term is very close to a perfect cube (n³).
Let's analyze the sequence:
1. 2³ - 1 = 8 - 1 = 7
2. 3³ - 1 = 27 - 1 = 26
3. 4³ - 1 = 64 - 1 = 63
4. 5³ - 1 = 125 - 1 = 124
5. 6³ - 1 = 216 - 1 = 215
6. 7³ - 1 = 343 - 1 = 342
Following this pattern (n³ - 1), the next number in the sequence should be based on the next integer, which is 8:
7. 8³ - 1 = 512 - 1 = 511
Comparing this result to the options:
a. 391 (Incorrect)
b. 421 (Incorrect)
c. 481 (Incorrect)
d. 511 (Correct)
The ratio of a boys’s and a girl’s present age is 9 : 10. After 4 years, the ratio of their ages become 11 : 12. What is the girl’s present age?
A)
18 years
B)
19 years
C)
20 years
D)
21 years
Step-by-step solution:
1. **Define the present ages**: Let the present age of the boy be $9x$ and the present age of the girl be $10x$, based on the given ratio 9:10.
2. **Set up the equation for the future ages**: After 4 years, the boy's age will be $9x + 4$ and the girl's age will be $10x + 4$. According to the problem, this new ratio is 11:12.
$$\frac{9x + 4}{10x + 4} = \frac{11}{12}$$
3. **Solve for x**: Cross-multiply the equation:
$12(9x + 4) = 11(10x + 4)$
$108x + 48 = 110x + 44$
$48 - 44 = 110x - 108x$
$4 = 2x$
$x = 2$
4. **Calculate the girl's present age**: The girl's present age is $10x$.
$10 \times 2 = 20$ years.
Verification:
- Boy's present age: $9 \times 2 = 18$
- Girl's present age: $10 \times 2 = 20$
- After 4 years: Boy is 22, Girl is 24.
- Ratio after 4 years: $22:24 = 11:12$. This matches the given condition.
Therefore, option (c) is correct. Options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect as they do not satisfy the ratio conditions.
Today is Monday. After 61 days, it will be :
A)
Tuesday
B)
Monday
C)
Sunday
D)
Saturday
To find the day of the week after a specific number of days, we use the concept of 'odd days' based on a 7-day weekly cycle.
1. **Identify the total days:** The question asks for the day after 61 days.
2. **Calculate the remainder:** Since the week repeats every 7 days, we divide 61 by 7 to find the number of full weeks and the remaining odd days.
61 ÷ 7 = 8 weeks and 5 days (because 7 × 8 = 56, and 61 - 56 = 5).
3. **Apply the remainder to the current day:** The 8 full weeks will bring us back to Monday. We then count 5 days forward from Monday:
- Day 1: Tuesday
- Day 2: Wednesday
- Day 3: Thursday
- Day 4: Friday
- Day 5: Saturday
Therefore, after 61 days, it will be Saturday. Options a, b, and c are incorrect because they do not correspond to the 5th day following Monday.
A man travelled a distance of 61 km in 9 hours. He travelled partly on foot at 4 km/hr and partly on bicycle at 9 km/hr. The distance travelled on bicycle is :
A)
40km
B)
36km
C)
30km
D)
45km
Let the time travelled on the bicycle be 't' hours. Since the total time of travel is 9 hours, the time travelled on foot must be (9 - t) hours.
We know that Distance = Speed × Time.
1. Distance travelled on bicycle = 9 km/hr × t = 9t km
2. Distance travelled on foot = 4 km/hr × (9 - t) = (36 - 4t) km
The total distance travelled is given as 61 km. Therefore:
9t + (36 - 4t) = 61
5t + 36 = 61
5t = 61 - 36
5t = 25
t = 5 hours
Now, we calculate the distance travelled on the bicycle:
Distance = Speed × Time = 9 km/hr × 5 hours = 45 km.
Verification:
Distance on foot = 4 km/hr × (9 - 5) = 4 × 4 = 16 km.
Total distance = 45 km + 16 km = 61 km. This matches the question statement.
Comparing with options:
a. 40km (Incorrect)
b. 36km (Incorrect)
c. 30km (Incorrect)
d. 45km (Correct)
When the sun’s altitude changes from 30° to 60°, the length of the shadow of a tower decreases by 30m. What is the height of the tower?
A)
15/√5 m
B)
35m
C)
15/√3m
D)
5.3m
Let the height of the tower be 'h'. Let the length of the shadow when the altitude is 60° be 'x'. Therefore, when the altitude is 30°, the length of the shadow is 'x + 30'.
1. From the triangle with 60° altitude:
tan(60°) = height / shadow
√3 = h / x
x = h / √3
2. From the triangle with 30° altitude:
tan(30°) = height / shadow
1/√3 = h / (x + 30)
x + 30 = h√3
3. Substitute the value of x from the first equation into the second:
(h / √3) + 30 = h√3
30 = h√3 - (h / √3)
30 = (3h - h) / √3
30 = 2h / √3
2h = 30√3
h = 15√3 m
Calculation of value: 15 * 1.732 ≈ 25.98 m.
Reviewing the provided options:
(a) 15/√5 is incorrect.
(b) 35m is incorrect.
(c) 15/√3m is incorrect (this is the value of x, the shorter shadow).
(d) 5.3m is incorrect.
There appears to be a typo in the provided options of the exam paper, as the mathematically correct answer is 15√3 m. However, if one must choose the closest option or identify a typo, option (c) is often misprinted in such exams where the square root is placed in the denominator instead of the numerator. Based on strict mathematics, none of the options are correct, but the derived answer is 15√3 m.
From the top of a 195m high cliff, the angle of depression of the top and bottom are 30° and 60° respectively. Then, the height of the tower is:
A)
130m
B)
90m
C)
120m
D)
100m
Let the height of the cliff be H = 195m and the height of the tower be h. Let the distance between the cliff and the tower be 'd'.
1. From the top of the cliff, the angle of depression to the bottom of the tower is 60°. This forms a right-angled triangle where the opposite side is the height of the cliff (195m) and the adjacent side is the distance (d).
tan(60°) = 195 / d
√3 = 195 / d
d = 195 / √3 = (195√3) / 3 = 65√3 meters.
2. From the top of the cliff, the angle of depression to the top of the tower is 30°. The vertical distance from the top of the cliff to the top of the tower is (H - h) = (195 - h).
tan(30°) = (195 - h) / d
1 / √3 = (195 - h) / (65√3)
3. Solving for h:
(65√3) / √3 = 195 - h
65 = 195 - h
h = 195 - 65
h = 130 meters.
Therefore, the height of the tower is 130m. Option (a) is correct, while options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect based on the trigonometric calculations.