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Past Questions — 2025
What percent of 75 is 9?
A)
40%
B)
30%
C)
20%
D)
12%
To find what percent of 75 is 9, we use the basic percentage formula: (Part / Whole) × 100.
Step 1: Identify the 'Part' and the 'Whole'.
- Part = 9
- Whole = 75
Step 2: Set up the equation:
Percentage = (9 / 75) × 100
Step 3: Simplify the fraction 9/75.
Both 9 and 75 are divisible by 3.
9 ÷ 3 = 3
75 ÷ 3 = 25
So, 9/75 = 3/25
Step 4: Multiply by 100.
(3 / 25) × 100 = 3 × (100 / 25)
= 3 × 4
= 12%
Verification of options:
- a. 40% of 75 = 0.40 * 75 = 30 (Incorrect)
- b. 30% of 75 = 0.30 * 75 = 22.5 (Incorrect)
- c. 20% of 75 = 0.20 * 75 = 15 (Incorrect)
- d. 12% of 75 = 0.12 * 75 = 9 (Correct)
What is the primary advantage of using cloud computing?
A)
Improved hardware performance
B)
Increased data security
C)
Scalability and cost efficiency
D)
Enhanced user interface
Cloud computing is primarily designed to provide on-demand access to computing resources.
1. Scalability: This is a core advantage, allowing users to scale resources (CPU, RAM, Storage) up or down instantly based on demand (Elasticity), which is impossible with traditional on-premise hardware without significant manual effort.
2. Cost Efficiency: Cloud computing follows a 'Pay-as-you-go' (OpEx) model, eliminating the need for massive upfront capital expenditure (CapEx) on physical servers and maintenance.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Option (a): Cloud computing does not inherently improve the performance of the underlying hardware; it simply provides access to it. Performance depends on the tier of service purchased.
- Option (b): While cloud providers offer robust security tools, moving data to the cloud introduces new security challenges (shared responsibility model). Security is a feature, but not the 'primary advantage' over local systems, which can also be highly secure.
- Option (d): User interface (UI) is a matter of software design and application development, not a characteristic of the cloud infrastructure itself.
A series of commands and instructions that you group together as a single command to accomplish a task automatically in MS word.
A)
AutoCorrect
B)
Thesaurus
C)
Macro
D)
Grammar Check
A Macro in MS Word is a tool that allows users to record a sequence of commands, keystrokes, and mouse clicks and save them as a single command. This is used to automate repetitive tasks, significantly increasing productivity.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. AutoCorrect: This is a feature that automatically fixes common misspellings or replaces specific text patterns with other text as you type, but it does not group a series of complex commands.
- b. Thesaurus: This is a reference tool used to find synonyms and antonyms for a selected word.
- d. Grammar Check: This is a proofing tool that analyzes the document for grammatical errors and suggests corrections.
The following pie-chart shows the percentages distribution of the expenditure incurred in constructing a building. What is the central angle of the sector corresponding to the expenditure incurred on cement?
A)
60°
B)
62°
C)
70°
D)
72°
In a pie chart, the full circle represents 360°. So the central angle for any sector is:
Central angle = (Percentage share / 100) × 360°
From the pie-chart, cement accounts for 20% of the total expenditure. Therefore:
Central angle = (20/100) × 360° = 72°
So the correct option is (d) 72°.
Why the others are incorrect:
- (a) 60° would correspond to 16.67% of the total.
- (b) 62° would correspond to about 17.22%.
- (c) 70° would correspond to 19.44%.
Only 72° matches a 20% share exactly.
A man travelled a distance of 61 km in 9 hours. He travelled partly on foot at 4 km/hr and partly on bicycle at 9 km/hr. The distance travelled on bicycle is :
A)
40km
B)
36km
C)
30km
D)
45km
Let the time travelled on the bicycle be 't' hours. Since the total time of travel is 9 hours, the time travelled on foot must be (9 - t) hours.
We know that Distance = Speed × Time.
1. Distance travelled on bicycle = 9 km/hr × t = 9t km
2. Distance travelled on foot = 4 km/hr × (9 - t) = (36 - 4t) km
The total distance travelled is given as 61 km. Therefore:
9t + (36 - 4t) = 61
5t + 36 = 61
5t = 61 - 36
5t = 25
t = 5 hours
Now, we calculate the distance travelled on the bicycle:
Distance = Speed × Time = 9 km/hr × 5 hours = 45 km.
Verification:
Distance on foot = 4 km/hr × (9 - 5) = 4 × 4 = 16 km.
Total distance = 45 km + 16 km = 61 km. This matches the question statement.
Comparing with options:
a. 40km (Incorrect)
b. 36km (Incorrect)
c. 30km (Incorrect)
d. 45km (Correct)
In an election between two candidates, one got 55% of the total valid votes, 20% of the votes were invalid. If the total number of votes was 7500, the number of valid votes that the other candidate got, was:
A)
2500
B)
2700
C)
2900
D)
3100
Step-by-step solution:
1. **Calculate the total number of valid votes**:
Total votes = 7500.
Invalid votes = 20% of 7500 = (20/100) * 7500 = 1500.
Valid votes = Total votes - Invalid votes = 7500 - 1500 = 6000.
2. **Determine the percentage of valid votes for the other candidate**:
Candidate 1 got 55% of the valid votes.
Therefore, Candidate 2 (the other candidate) got (100% - 55%) = 45% of the valid votes.
3. **Calculate the number of valid votes for the other candidate**:
Number of votes = 45% of 6000
= (45/100) * 6000
= 45 * 60
= 2700.
Conclusion: The other candidate received 2700 valid votes. Option (b) is correct. Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect as they do not match the calculated result.
A cone has a curved surface area of 5544cm² and a diameter 168cm. What is its total surface area?
A)
27720 cm²
B)
25530 cm²
C)
27270 cm²
D)
22770 cm²
To find the Total Surface Area (TSA) of a cone, we need to add the area of the circular base to the Curved Surface Area (CSA).
1. **Identify given values:**
- Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 5544 cm²
- Diameter (d) = 168 cm
2. **Calculate the radius (r):**
- Radius (r) = Diameter / 2 = 168 / 2 = 84 cm
3. **Calculate the Area of the Base:**
- The base of a cone is a circle. Area = πr²
- Area = (22/7) * 84 * 84
- Area = 22 * 12 * 84 (since 84/7 = 12)
- Area = 264 * 84 = 22176 cm²
4. **Calculate the Total Surface Area (TSA):**
- TSA = CSA + Base Area
- TSA = 5544 + 22176
- TSA = 27720 cm²
Comparing this result to the options provided, option (a) matches exactly.
What is the primary function of a PivotTable in Excel?
A)
To summarize data
B)
To create complex formulas
C)
To enhance graphics
D)
To connect to external databases
A PivotTable is one of Excel's most powerful data analysis tools. Its primary purpose is to take a large, detailed dataset and 'pivot' or reorganize it to summarize the information. It allows users to group data, calculate sums, averages, or counts, and identify patterns without writing complex formulas.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Option b: While PivotTables perform calculations, they are not used to 'create' complex formulas; that is the role of the Formula Bar and functions like VLOOKUP, INDEX/MATCH, or nested IF statements.
- Option c: Enhancing graphics is the function of Charts, Shapes, and SmartArt, not PivotTables.
- Option d: While Excel can connect to external databases via Power Query or Data Connections, the PivotTable itself is the tool used to analyze the data *after* it has been imported or selected from a range.
Android applications are packaged in what file format?
A)
APK
B)
EXE
C)
ZIP
D)
JAR
Android applications are packaged in the APK (Android Package Kit) format. An APK file is essentially a ZIP-formatted archive that contains all the necessary components for an app to run on the Android operating system, including the compiled code (dex files), resources (images, layouts), and the AndroidManifest.xml file.
Why other options are incorrect:
- b. EXE: This is the standard executable file format for Windows operating systems.
- c. ZIP: While an APK is technically based on the ZIP compression format, '.zip' is a general-purpose archive format and not the specific application package format for Android.
- d. JAR: Java Archive (JAR) files are used to aggregate many Java class files into one file for Java applications, but Android uses the specialized APK format for installation and deployment.
___ is used to convert from upper case to lower case and vice versa.
A)
Toggle Case
B)
Sentence Case
C)
Lower Case
D)
Upper Case
In Microsoft Word, the 'Change Case' feature allows users to change the capitalization of selected text.
1. **Toggle Case (Option a):** This specific function switches the case of every letter. If a letter is uppercase, it becomes lowercase; if it is lowercase, it becomes uppercase. This matches the requirement of converting 'from upper case to lower case and vice versa'.
2. **Sentence Case (Option b):** This capitalizes only the first letter of the first word in a sentence and leaves the rest lowercase.
3. **Lower Case (Option c):** This converts all selected letters to lowercase, regardless of their original state.
4. **Upper Case (Option d):** This converts all selected letters to uppercase, regardless of their original state.
A template that controls the overall appearance and formatting of all slides in a presentation
A)
Title
B)
Slide master
C)
Header
D)
Footer
The Slide Master is the top slide in a hierarchy of slides that stores information about the theme and slide layouts of a presentation, including the background, color, fonts, effects, placeholder sizes, and positioning. When you make a change to the Slide Master, it automatically applies that change to every slide in the presentation that is based on that master.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Title: This refers to a specific slide type or a text placeholder used to name the presentation or a section; it does not control the formatting of all slides.
- c. Header: This is a section at the top of a page (more common in Word) or a specific area for notes/handouts in PowerPoint, but it does not control the overall appearance of the slides.
- d. Footer: This is a small area at the bottom of a slide used for page numbers, dates, or copyright info; while it can be managed via the Slide Master, it is a component, not the controlling template itself.
The average weight of 4 girls is increased by 2 kg when one of the girl, whose weight 50 kg is replaced by a new girl. The weight of the new girl is
A)
58kg
B)
60 kg
C)
45kg
D)
53kg
To solve this problem, we can use the concept of total weight change.
1. **Analyze the change in average**: The average weight of 4 girls increased by 2 kg.
2. **Calculate the total weight increase**: Since there are 4 girls, the total weight of the group must have increased by (Number of girls × Increase in average) = 4 girls × 2 kg/girl = 8 kg.
3. **Relate total increase to the replacement**: The total weight increases only because a girl weighing 50 kg was replaced by a new girl. Therefore, the new girl must weigh 8 kg more than the girl she replaced.
4. **Calculate the new girl's weight**: Weight of new girl = Weight of replaced girl + Total increase = 50 kg + 8 kg = 58 kg.
Verification:
- Let the initial total weight be W. Initial average = W/4.
- New total weight = W - 50 + 58 = W + 8.
- New average = (W + 8)/4 = W/4 + 2.
- The average increased by exactly 2 kg, confirming the result.
Comparing with options:
- Option (a) 58kg is correct.
- Option (b) 60kg would result in an average increase of 2.5 kg.
- Option (c) 45kg would result in an average decrease.
- Option (d) 53kg would result in an average increase of 0.75 kg.
From the top of a 195m high cliff, the angle of depression of the top and bottom are 30° and 60° respectively. Then, the height of the tower is:
A)
130m
B)
90m
C)
120m
D)
100m
Let the height of the cliff be H = 195m and the height of the tower be h. Let the distance between the cliff and the tower be 'd'.
1. From the top of the cliff, the angle of depression to the bottom of the tower is 60°. This forms a right-angled triangle where the opposite side is the height of the cliff (195m) and the adjacent side is the distance (d).
tan(60°) = 195 / d
√3 = 195 / d
d = 195 / √3 = (195√3) / 3 = 65√3 meters.
2. From the top of the cliff, the angle of depression to the top of the tower is 30°. The vertical distance from the top of the cliff to the top of the tower is (H - h) = (195 - h).
tan(30°) = (195 - h) / d
1 / √3 = (195 - h) / (65√3)
3. Solving for h:
(65√3) / √3 = 195 - h
65 = 195 - h
h = 195 - 65
h = 130 meters.
Therefore, the height of the tower is 130m. Option (a) is correct, while options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect based on the trigonometric calculations.
Which feature allows you to combine two or more table cells located in the same row or column into a single cell?
A)
AutoFit
B)
Merge Cells
C)
Table Style
D)
Split Cells
In MS Word, the 'Merge Cells' feature is specifically designed to combine two or more selected cells into one larger cell. This is commonly used for creating headers that span multiple columns or rows.
Here is why the other options are incorrect:
- a. AutoFit: This feature automatically adjusts the width of columns or the height of rows to fit the content or the window size.
- c. Table Style: This refers to predefined formatting (colors, borders, and shading) applied to a table to improve its visual appearance.
- d. Split Cells: This is the exact opposite of merging; it divides a single cell into multiple smaller cells.
What does the ‘Freeze Panes’ feature do in Excel?
A)
Securing data
B)
Hiding data
C)
Locking rows/columns
D)
Splitting window
The 'Freeze Panes' feature in Microsoft Excel is used to keep specific rows or columns visible while scrolling through the rest of the worksheet. This is particularly useful for large datasets where the header row or the first few identifying columns need to remain in view to provide context for the data being analyzed.
- Option (a) 'Securing data' refers to protecting sheets or workbooks with passwords, not freezing panes.
- Option (b) 'Hiding data' refers to the 'Hide' feature used to remove rows or columns from view entirely.
- Option (d) 'Splitting window' refers to the 'Split' feature, which divides the window into separate scrollable areas, whereas Freeze Panes locks a specific section in place.
The Tab which allows you to control the look and the appearance of your presentation.
A)
Transition tab
B)
Insert tab
C)
Design tab
D)
Animation tab
In Microsoft PowerPoint, the 'Design' tab is specifically dedicated to the visual aesthetics of the presentation. It allows users to change the theme, choose color schemes, adjust the slide size, and apply background styles, all of which control the overall 'look and appearance' of the slides.
Here is why the other options are incorrect:
- a. Transition tab: This controls the visual effect that occurs when moving from one slide to the next (the movement between slides), not the overall look of the presentation.
- b. Insert tab: This is used to add elements to a slide, such as images, tables, shapes, and charts.
- d. Animation tab: This controls the visual effects applied to individual objects (text, images) on a single slide to make them move or appear in a specific way.
What is the purpose of a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) in a computer?
A)
To store data
B)
To process data
C)
To display images
D)
To provide power to the computer
A Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is a hardware component that converts the alternating current (AC) from a wall outlet into the regulated low-voltage direct current (DC) required by the computer's internal components (such as the motherboard, CPU, and hard drives).
Analysis of options:
- Option (a) is incorrect because data storage is the function of devices like HDDs, SSDs, or RAM.
- Option (b) is incorrect because data processing is the function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
- Option (c) is incorrect because displaying images is the function of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and the monitor.
- Option (d) is correct as the primary and sole purpose of the SMPS is to manage and provide electrical power to the system.
The square root of (7 + 3√5/7)(7 - 3√5/7) is
A)
√5
B)
3.5
C)
7
D)
2
To solve the expression $\sqrt{(7 + \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})(7 - \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})}$, we first look at the terms inside the square root.
1. **Identify the Algebraic Pattern**: The expression inside the square root is in the form $(a + b)(a - b)$, where $a = 7$ and $b = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7}$.
2. **Apply the Difference of Squares Formula**: The formula $(a + b)(a - b) = a^2 - b^2$ can be applied here.
- $a^2 = 7^2 = 49$
- $b^2 = (\frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})^2 = \frac{3^2 \cdot (\sqrt{5})^2}{7^2} = \frac{9 \cdot 5}{49} = \frac{45}{49}$
3. **Subtract the Squares**:
$49 - \frac{45}{49} = \frac{49 \cdot 49 - 45}{49} = \frac{2401 - 45}{49} = \frac{2356}{49}$
Wait, let's re-examine the expression. If the expression is interpreted as $\sqrt{(7 + \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})(7 - \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})}$, the result is $\sqrt{\frac{2356}{49}}$, which is not among the options.
However, if the expression is interpreted as $\sqrt{(7 + 3\sqrt{5})(7 - 3\sqrt{5})}/7$ or if the $7$ in the denominator was meant to be part of the square root of the whole product, let's check the most likely intended form for a competitive exam: $\sqrt{(7 + \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})(7 - \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7})}$ is often a typo for $\sqrt{(7 + 3\sqrt{5})(7 - 3\sqrt{5})}$.
Let's test the product $(7 + 3\sqrt{5})(7 - 3\sqrt{5})$:
$7^2 - (3\sqrt{5})^2 = 49 - (9 \cdot 5) = 49 - 45 = 4$.
Then, $\sqrt{4} = 2$.
Given the options (a. $\sqrt{5}$, b. 3.5, c. 7, d. 2), it is mathematically certain that the intended expression was $\sqrt{(7 + 3\sqrt{5})(7 - 3\sqrt{5})}$, as this leads directly to option (d). The '/7' in the prompt is likely a formatting error or a misplaced divisor. Following the logic of the provided options, the calculation $49 - 45 = 4$ and $\sqrt{4} = 2$ is the intended path.
Statements: 1. X is 7 meters tall, Y is half as high and Z is 3 times the height of X. 2. P is taller than Z but shorter than A and B. Conclusions: I. B is the tallest of all. II. The average height of X, Y and Z is less than 10 meters. Find which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements.
A)
Only conclusion I follows
B)
Only conclusion II follows
C)
Both I and II follow
D)
Neither I nor II follows
From statement 1: X = 7 m. Y is half of X, so Y = 3.5 m. Z is 3 times X, so Z = 21 m.
From statement 2: P is taller than Z but shorter than A and B. So the order is A > P > Z and B > P > Z, which means A and B are both taller than Z. However, we cannot decide whether A is taller than B or B is taller than A, so conclusion I (“B is the tallest of all”) does not follow.
Now check conclusion II: average height of X, Y, and Z = (7 + 3.5 + 21) / 3 = 31.5 / 3 = 10.5 m. This is not less than 10 m, so conclusion II also does not follow.
Therefore, neither conclusion follows. The correct option is d.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a: Incorrect because conclusion I does not follow.
- b: Incorrect because conclusion II does not follow.
- c: Incorrect because neither conclusion follows.
- d: Correct because both conclusions fail logically.
A bag contains 50 P, 25 P and 10 P coins in the ratio 5: 9: 4, amounting to Rs. 206. Find the number of coins of each type respectively.
A)
360, 160, 200
B)
160, 360, 200
C)
200, 360, 160
D)
200, 160, 300
Step-by-step solution:
1. **Identify the given data**:
- Ratio of coins (50P : 25P : 10P) = 5 : 9 : 4
- Total amount = Rs. 206
2. **Set up the variables**:
Let the number of coins be 5x, 9x, and 4x respectively.
3. **Convert the value of coins into a common unit (Rupees)**:
- Value of 50P coins = 5x * 0.50 = 2.5x
- Value of 25P coins = 9x * 0.25 = 2.25x
- Value of 10P coins = 4x * 0.10 = 0.4x
4. **Formulate the equation based on the total amount**:
2.5x + 2.25x + 0.4x = 206
5.15x = 206
5. **Solve for x**:
x = 206 / 5.15
x = 40
6. **Calculate the number of coins for each type**:
- 50P coins = 5 * 40 = 200
- 25P coins = 9 * 40 = 360
- 10P coins = 4 * 40 = 160
7. **Verification**:
(200 * 0.50) + (360 * 0.25) + (160 * 0.10) = 100 + 90 + 16 = Rs. 206. The calculation is correct.
Comparing this result to the options:
Option (a) 360, 160, 200 is incorrect.
Option (b) 160, 360, 200 is incorrect.
Option (c) 200, 360, 160 matches our result.
Option (d) 200, 160, 300 is incorrect.
What is the shortcut to duplicate a slide in PowerPoint?
A)
Ctrl+C
B)
Ctrl+X
C)
Ctrl+V
D)
Ctrl+D
In Microsoft PowerPoint, the shortcut Ctrl+D is specifically designed to 'Duplicate' the selected object or slide. When a slide is selected in the Slide Navigation pane, pressing Ctrl+D immediately creates an exact copy of that slide and places it directly after the original.
Analysis of other options:
- Ctrl+C: This is the 'Copy' command. While it can be used to copy a slide, it requires a subsequent 'Paste' action to create the duplicate.
- Ctrl+X: This is the 'Cut' command, which removes the selected slide from its current position and places it on the clipboard.
- Ctrl+V: This is the 'Paste' command, which inserts the content currently held on the clipboard into the presentation.
What is the default file extension used by Excel 2016 and later versions?
A)
xls
B)
.xlsx
C)
xlsm
D)
.xlsb
Step-by-step reasoning:
1. **Identification of Default Extension**: Starting from Microsoft Excel 2007 and continuing through Excel 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Office 365, Microsoft transitioned to the Office Open XML format. The default file extension for a standard workbook is '.xlsx'.
2. **Analysis of Options**:
- **a. .xls**: This was the default extension for Excel 97 through Excel 2003. It is a binary format and is not the default for version 2016.
- **b. .xlsx**: This is the correct default extension for Excel 2007 and all subsequent versions, including 2016. The 'x' at the end stands for XML.
- **c. .xlsm**: This extension is used specifically for Excel workbooks that contain Macros. While supported in 2016, it is not the 'default' for a standard blank workbook.
- **d. .xlsb**: This is the Excel Binary Workbook format. It is used for very large spreadsheets to improve performance and reduce file size, but it is not the default extension.
Which function can be used to conditionally sum values in a range based on a criterion?
A)
SUMIF()
B)
SUM()
C)
IFSUM()
D)
TOTALIF()
The SUMIF() function in MS Excel is specifically designed to add the cells specified by a given number criterion or condition. Its syntax is =SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]), where it evaluates the 'range' against the 'criteria' and sums the corresponding values in the 'sum_range'.
Analysis of other options:
- b. SUM(): This function adds all numbers in a range regardless of any condition.
- c. IFSUM(): This is not a valid built-in function in MS Excel.
- d. TOTALIF(): This is not a valid built-in function in MS Excel.
Multitasking in operating systems allows for
A)
Multiple users to share a single device
B)
Devices to run without an OS
C)
A single user to perform multiple tasks at one time
D)
Devices to perform calculation
Multitasking is a logical extension of multiprogramming. It allows a single user to run multiple applications (tasks) seemingly simultaneously on a single computer system. The operating system achieves this by rapidly switching the CPU's attention between different tasks (context switching), giving the illusion that all programs are running at the same time.
Analysis of other options:
- Option (a) refers to 'Multi-user' systems or 'Time-sharing' systems, where multiple users access a central server.
- Option (b) is incorrect because multitasking is a feature provided by the Operating System; a device cannot perform OS-level multitasking without an OS.
- Option (d) is a general function of a CPU/Computer, not a specific definition of multitasking.
What does an operating system primarily do?
A)
To perform calculations
B)
To manage computer hardware and software resources
C)
To display graphics
D)
To store data
An Operating System (OS) acts as an intermediary between the computer user and the computer hardware. Its primary purpose is to provide an environment in which a user can execute programs in a convenient and efficient manner.
1. Why Option (b) is correct: The OS is responsible for resource management, which includes Process Management (CPU scheduling), Memory Management (RAM allocation), Storage Management (File systems), and Device Management (I/O controllers). It ensures that different programs and users share the hardware resources without conflict.
2. Why Option (a) is incorrect: Performing calculations is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), specifically the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), not the OS itself.
3. Why Option (c) is incorrect: Displaying graphics is the primary role of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and the display drivers. While the OS provides the API to render graphics, the 'primary' purpose of the OS is broader management.
4. Why Option (d) is incorrect: Storing data is the function of storage hardware (such as HDDs, SSDs, or NVMe drives). The OS manages how that data is stored (via the file system), but the act of storage is a hardware capability.