← Combined Technical (NG)
Past Questions
What is the definition of Pharmacovigilance?
A)
The study that involves detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse drug reactions.
B)
The study that involves the detection, monitoring and investigation of adverse drug reactions.
C)
The study that involves the surveillance and monitoring of adverse drug reactions.
D)
The study that involves the detection of adverse drug reactions of newly launched drugs.
Option A is correct: The study that involves detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse drug reactions..
What is the advantage of a coated tablet over an uncoated tablet for use as an orally administered drug?
A)
Coated tablets usually have faster disintegration time which may increase the bioavailability of the drug
B)
Taste masking of unpalatable drugs
C)
Reduced manufacturing cost
D)
Higher dose capacity
Option B is correct: Taste masking of unpalatable drugs.
Which quality control measure is used to check if the capsules release the contents properly in the GI tract?
A)
Visual inspection test
B)
Weight measurement test
C)
Disintegration test
D)
Absorption test
Option C is correct: Disintegration test.
What is the purpose of making a ‘Pharmacopoeia’?
A)
To have an encyclopaedia of drug manufacturing
B)
To have an official standard for the identity, purity, strength, and quality of medicines.
C)
To collect information about drug indications, dosage and their potential adverse effects.
D)
To collect information on the various sources of drugs for clinical trials
Option B is correct: To have an official standard for the identity, purity, strength, and quality of medicines..
What is the main therapeutic role of dietary fibres?
A)
They help in increasing the blood cholesterol level when it is too low
B)
They help in improving bowel movement and preventing constipation
C)
They are a rich source of vitamin E
D)
They help prevent malnutrition by acting as a food supplement for malnourished children
Option B is correct: They help in improving bowel movement and preventing constipation.
What is the main function of FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India)?
A)
FSSAI is responsible for monitoring of nutrition in schools
B)
FSSAI ensures safe food practices through regulation and certification.
C)
Monitoring the sale of only packaged foods
D)
Monitoring only the import of fruits and grains
FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) is the apex food regulatory body in India. Its main function is to regulate and supervise food safety, set standards, and ensure that food sold in the country is safe for consumption. Option (b) is correct. Option (a) is too narrow and not the main function. Options (c) and (d) are incorrect because FSSAI does not limit its work only to packaged foods or only to imports.
A patient on warfarin should avoid large increases in foods rich in:
A)
Vitamin K
B)
Vitamin C
C)
Vitamin A
D)
Vitamin D
Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by antagonizing vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. If a patient suddenly increases intake of vitamin K-rich foods, the effect of warfarin is reduced and the INR may fall. Therefore, patients on warfarin should avoid large changes in foods rich in vitamin K. The other vitamins listed do not have this major direct interaction with warfarin.
Dry powders for reconstitution are mainly used when:
A)
The drug is stable for a long time in aqueous medium
B)
The drug decomposes quickly when it is dissolved
C)
The drug is in the form of an oily preparation
D)
The drug requires complete sterility
Option B is correct: The drug decomposes quickly when it is dissolved.
Sharp wastes like needles, scalpels etc must be discarded in:
A)
Yellow coloured bins
B)
Green coloured bins
C)
Red coloured bins
D)
Puncture proof & leak-proof white containers
Option D is correct: Puncture proof & leak-proof white containers.
Syrups prevent growth of bacteria due to its:
A)
Low osmotic pressure
B)
High osmotic pressure
C)
Low melting point
D)
High melting point
Option B is correct: High osmotic pressure.
In which year was the Indian Pharmacopoeia first published?
A)
1975
B)
1985
C)
1965
D)
1955
Option C is correct: 1965.
The advantage of using vulcanized rubber in drug packaging is that:
A)
It can become biodegradable after 10 years
B)
It improves the elasticity and strength
C)
It can become water soluble during disposal
D)
It requires less amount to additives
Option B is correct: It improves the elasticity and strength.
The World Health Organisation model list of essential medicine is updated:
A)
Every 2 years
B)
Every 4 years
C)
Every 5 years
D)
Every 10 years
Option A is correct: Every 2 years.
Which of the following is an artificial sweetening agent?
A)
Fructose
B)
Stevia
C)
Aspartame
D)
Sucrose
Option C is correct: Aspartame.
Which of the following is a salient feature of the Indian Pharmacopoeia?
A)
The book is intended for use by physicians to help them decide their p-drug on a case-based scenario.
B)
The main focus is on drugs of plant origin and their regulations.
C)
The main target is drug manufacturers as the book provides legal standards for drugs manufactured in India.
D)
The main focus is on the production of various dosage forms from a single drug to help drug manufacturers decide their options.
Option C is correct: The main target is drug manufacturers as the book provides legal standards for drugs manufactured in India..
The chemical constituent of aloe vera which gives the soothing effect is:
A)
Acemannan polysaccharide
B)
Cellulose alkaloid
C)
Thebaine
D)
Essential oils
Option A is correct: Acemannan polysaccharide.
What does NPPA stand for?
A)
National Pharmaceutical Producer Association
B)
National Pharmaceutical Policy Associates
C)
National Pricing Policy Authority
D)
National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority
Option D is correct: National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority.
Which of the following is an important requirement when selecting a packaging material for a drug?
A)
The material must be inert and protective.
B)
The material must match the colour of the drug.
C)
Biodegradable materials should always be preferred
D)
The materials should follow the colour code as per Indian Pharmacy council.
Option A is correct: The material must be inert and protective..
A drug that is listed under NLEM is considered as:
A)
An essential medicine needed for priority healthcare needs of the population
B)
Drugs that focus on the maternal & child health needs of the population
C)
List of drugs that aims to target the endemic diseases of a particular area
D)
An essential list of medicines that will target life-threatening conditions
Option A is correct: An essential medicine needed for priority healthcare needs of the population.
The Schedule Y drugs are:
A)
Drugs that are in used in pre-clinical studies
B)
Drugs that are used for only rare diseases
C)
Drugs that are currently used in clinical trials
D)
Drugs that have high abuse liability
Option C is correct: Drugs that are currently used in clinical trials.
Genetically Modified (GM) foods are produced by:
A)
Adding artificial colouring to food that can alter the DNA
B)
Adding preservatives to food that can alter the DNA
C)
Altering the DNA of plant species using biotechnology
D)
By using traditional cross breeding methods only
Genetically Modified (GM) foods are obtained by changing the genetic material (DNA) of an organism using biotechnology. This allows desirable traits such as pest resistance or higher yield. Options (a) and (b) are wrong because colouring and preservatives do not change DNA. Option (d) is wrong because traditional cross-breeding is not genetic modification by biotechnology.
Grapefruit juice can cause drug–food interactions mainly by:
A)
Enhancing digestion by increasing the bioavailability
B)
Inhibiting CYP3A4 enzymes and increasing drug levels
C)
Preventing drug absorption by increasing plasma protein binding
D)
Increasing stomach acid by increasing the action of proton pumps
Grapefruit juice is well known to inhibit intestinal CYP3A4 enzymes (and can also affect drug transporters). This reduces first-pass metabolism of many drugs, so their blood levels may rise and cause toxicity. Option (a) is incorrect because the main issue is not enhanced digestion. Option (c) is incorrect because grapefruit juice does not mainly work by increasing plasma protein binding. Option (d) is incorrect because it does not increase stomach acid via proton pumps.
The advantage of a soft gelatine capsule over a hard gelatine capsule is that:
A)
They can increase the rate of excretion of the drug
B)
They can decrease the occurrence of adverse effects
C)
They can hold oily and water-immiscible liquids
D)
They can increase the rate of production
Option C is correct: They can hold oily and water-immiscible liquids.
One of the objectives of Biomedical waste management rules 2015 is:
A)
To implement the 3Rs – Reduce, Reuse, recycle, whenever possible
B)
Mandatory segregation of waste at the chemical waste treatment centers
C)
Banning the use of garbage bags at hospitals to reduce waste generation
D)
To reduce the cost of healthcare for all
Option A is correct: To implement the 3Rs – Reduce, Reuse, recycle, whenever possible.
When filling a prescription for a pregnant mother who has come for an antenatal check-up, which of the following is a crucial counselling point to be given to her?
A)
Always take iron and calcium together at the same time
B)
Take only calcium if iron tablets cause abdominal discomfort
C)
Never take calcium and iron at the same time as calcium chelates iron
D)
Take only iron tablet if calcium causes bloating
In antenatal counselling, it is important to advise the mother not to take iron and calcium together. Calcium interferes with iron absorption by forming insoluble complexes (chelation), reducing the effectiveness of the iron tablet. Therefore, they should be taken at different times of the day, usually spaced by a few hours. Options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect because they either promote simultaneous intake or suggest stopping one essential supplement instead of spacing them properly.