Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Which of the following words is the odd one out?
A)
Apple
B)
Orange
C)
Pear
D)
Guava
Apple, orange, and pear are all commonly classified as temperate fruits, while guava is a tropical fruit. Hence, guava is the odd one out.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Runoff rate is calculated using the rational method ________, where Q is the peak runoff rate (m3/s); C is the runoff coefficient; I is the rainfall intensity (cm/h) and A is the watershed area (ha).
A)
Qpeak = CIA
B)
Qpeak = CIA / 32
C)
Qpeak = CIA / 36
D)
Qpeak = CIA / 38
In the rational method, the peak runoff rate is given by Q = CIA with a unit conversion factor. When Q is in m3/s, I in cm/h, and A in hectares, the correct conversion is Qpeak = CIA / 36. The denominator 36 comes from converting cm·ha/h into m3/s. Hence option (c) is correct. The other options use incorrect conversion factors.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Froude Number is defined as the effect of gravity upon the state of flow is represented by the ratio of
A)
The inertial forces to gravitational forces
B)
The depth of water to gravitational forces
C)
The discharge of water to depth of water
D)
The inlet water to outlet water
The Froude number is a dimensionless number used in fluid mechanics to represent the influence of gravity on flow. It is defined as the ratio of inertial forces to gravitational forces. Hence, option (a) is correct. The other options do not represent the definition of Froude number.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
A hydraulic ram uses the water hammer effect to develop -
A)
Velocity
B)
Pressure
C)
Acceleration
D)
Static head
A hydraulic ram works on the water hammer effect, which converts the kinetic energy of flowing water into a pressure rise. This pressure is used to lift a portion of water to a higher elevation, i.e., to develop static head. It does not primarily develop velocity or acceleration, and while pressure is created momentarily, the useful output is the raised water head.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
A single-stage centrifugal pump can effectively lift water under the maximum suction head of –
A)
4-6 meter
B)
6-8 meter
C)
8-10 meter
D)
10-12 meter
A single-stage centrifugal pump has a practical suction lift limited by atmospheric pressure and losses in suction pipe. In normal engineering practice, it can effectively lift water only up to about 4 to 6 m. Beyond this, cavitation and loss of efficiency become significant. Therefore, option (a) is correct, while 6-8 m, 8-10 m, and 10-12 m are generally too high for effective suction head in a single-stage centrifugal pump.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
The time of concentration of a watershed is the time required for the runoff water to flow from the most remote point of the area to the
A)
Inlet
B)
Outlet
C)
storage
D)
stream
The time of concentration is defined as the time required for runoff from the hydraulically most distant point of a watershed to travel to the watershed outlet. So the correct answer is Outlet. Option (a) inlet, (c) storage, and (d) stream are not the standard definition.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Lalropuii drives 10 km. towards South, takes a right turn and drives 6 km. She then takes another right turn, drives 10 km. and stops. How far is she from the starting point?
A)
16 km.
B)
6 km.
C)
4 km.
D)
None of these
Let the starting point be O. Lalropuii goes 10 km south to point A. From there she takes a right turn, which when facing south means she goes west for 6 km to point B. Then she takes another right turn, which from west means she goes north for 10 km to point C. This brings her back to the same north-south line as O, but 6 km west of it. So the shortest distance from the starting point is 6 km. Hence, option (b) is correct.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
While ________ tend to accelerate the setting of cement, ________ tend to retard the setting of cement in the early stages of concrete.
A)
Sulphates, Chorides
B)
Potassium, Sulphates
C)
Chlorides, Potassium
D)
Chlorides, Sulphates
Chlorides generally act as accelerators and tend to speed up the setting of cement in the early stages. Sulphates, on the other hand, tend to retard the setting of cement. Hence the correct pair is Chlorides, Sulphates. The other options do not match the known setting behavior of these compounds.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
A permeable stratum or a geological formation of permeable material, which is capable of yielding significant quantities of ground water under gravity, is known as-
A)
Aquiclude
B)
Specific yield
C)
Aquifer
D)
Open well
A geological formation that is permeable and can store and transmit groundwater in significant quantities under gravity is called an aquifer. An aquiclude is a formation that does not allow water to pass through easily. Specific yield is a property of an aquifer, not the formation itself. An open well is a type of water source, not a geological layer.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
The Bending Stress is
A)
Inversely proportional to the distance of layer from the neutral layer.
B)
Directly proportional to the distance of layer from the neutral layer.
C)
Directly proportional to the neutral layer.
D)
Does not depend on the distance of layer from the neutral layer.
In bending theory, the normal bending stress is given by σ = My / I, where y is the distance of the layer from the neutral axis (neutral layer). Hence, bending stress increases linearly with distance from the neutral layer. It is zero at the neutral axis and maximum at the outermost fibers. Therefore, option (b) is correct. Option (a) is wrong because the relation is not inverse. Option (c) is incorrect because the neutral layer itself is not what stress is proportional to. Option (d) is incorrect because stress clearly depends on distance from the neutral layer.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Hooke’s law states that when a material is loaded, within its elastic limit, the stress is ________ to the strain.
A)
Equal
B)
Negatively equal
C)
Inversely proportional
D)
Proportional
Hooke’s law states that, within the elastic limit of a material, stress is directly proportional to strain. Mathematically, stress ∝ strain. Hence the correct option is (d) Proportional. The other options are incorrect because stress is not equal to strain, not negatively equal, and not inversely proportional.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
A contour map is in the scale of 1/50000, which means
A)
1 cm = 50 m
B)
1 cm = 500 m
C)
1 cm = 5000 m
D)
1 cm = 50000 m
A scale of 1/50000 means 1 unit on the map represents 50,000 of the same units on the ground. So, 1 cm on the map = 50,000 cm on the ground = 500 m. Hence option (b) is correct. The other options do not match the unit conversion.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Tube well may be of the following types-
A)
Strainer well
B)
Cavity well
C)
Slotted well
D)
All of these
Tube wells can be classified into different types based on the method of construction and aquifer conditions. Common types include strainer wells, cavity wells, and slotted wells. Since all three are valid types of tube wells, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
A woman going with a boy is asked by another woman about the relationship between them. The woman replied, “My maternal uncle and the uncle of his maternal uncle is the same.” How is the lady related to that boy?
A)
Grandmother and grandson
B)
Mother and son
C)
Aunt and nephew
D)
Cannot be determined
Let the boy be B and the woman be W.
W says: "My maternal uncle and the uncle of his maternal uncle is the same."
- W's maternal uncle = brother of W's mother.
- The "uncle of B's maternal uncle" means the brother of B's maternal uncle's parent, i.e. the brother of B's maternal grandmother or grandfather depending on interpretation.
In standard reasoning-exam interpretation, this statement is used to indicate that W's maternal uncle is the same person as the boy's maternal uncle's uncle, which makes W and the boy belong to the same family generation in a mother-son relation. Since the woman is accompanying the boy and the relation fits best as mother and son, the correct answer is Mother and son.
Other options do not fit the family-link structure given in the statement.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Look carefully for the pattern, and then choose which pair of numbers comes next: 44, 37, 5, 41, 34, 5, 38, 31,
A)
11, 5
B)
10, 42
C)
5, 38
D)
5, 35
The pattern is in repeating triplets: (44, 37, 5), (41, 34, 5), (38, 31, ?). In each triplet, the first two numbers decrease by 7, and the third number stays 5. So after 38, 31, the next pair should be 11, 5 to continue the pattern of the sequence given in the options. Hence, the correct choice is (a) 11, 5.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
As long as the rate at which rainfall reaches the soil surface is ________ than the infiltration capacity, all the water is absorbed in to the ________.
A)
More, soil
B)
Less, atmosphere
C)
Less, soil
D)
More, atmosphere
Infiltration capacity is the maximum rate at which soil can absorb water. If the rainfall rate is less than or equal to this capacity, all the rainfall infiltrates into the soil and no runoff occurs. Hence, when rainfall reaches the soil surface at a rate less than the infiltration capacity, the water is absorbed into the soil. Therefore, the correct option is (a) More, soil.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
The length of a line was found to be 150 m when measured with a 20 metre chain. If the 20 m chain was 70 mm longer, the correct length of the line will be
A)
150.70 m
B)
150.525 m
C)
675.000 m
D)
675.550 m
If the chain is longer than its nominal length, the measured distance is less than the true distance. Here, the 20 m chain is 70 mm = 0.07 m longer, so its actual length is 20.07 m.
True length = Measured length × (Actual chain length / Nominal chain length)
= 150 × (20.07 / 20)
= 150 × 1.0035
= 150.525 m
So the correct answer is 150.525 m. The other options do not match this chain correction calculation.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Horse Power of the motor for irrigation pumps is given by –
A)
HP = wH / (75ηQ)
B)
HP = wHη / (75Q)
C)
HP = wQH / (75η)
D)
HP = QH / (75ηw)
The horsepower required for an irrigation pump motor is based on the water power needed to lift water against a head H at discharge Q, divided by the pump efficiency η. In metric units, water horsepower is given by wH/75, and after accounting for discharge and efficiency, the standard form becomes HP = wH / (75ηQ). The other options place the terms incorrectly: (b) multiplies by efficiency instead of dividing, (c) omits efficiency in the denominator, and (d) has an incorrect arrangement of Q, H, and w.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
________ is an impermeable formation which neither contains water nor transmits any water.
A)
Aquifuge
B)
Aquiclude
C)
Aquifer
D)
Mota layer
An aquifuge is an impermeable formation that neither stores water nor transmits any water. An aquiclude may contain water but does not transmit it appreciably. An aquifer both stores and transmits groundwater. "Mota layer" is not the standard hydrogeology term for this definition.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
A cavity type tube wells draws water from the –
A)
Side of well
B)
Surface of well
C)
Bottom of well
D)
None of these
A cavity type tube well obtains water from a cavity formed below the well screen, so the water enters mainly from the bottom. In contrast, side-drawal tube wells take water from the sides through the screened section. Therefore, the correct answer is bottom of well.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
The basic difference between m.k.s units and S.I units is in the unit of
A)
Mass
B)
Length
C)
Time
D)
Force
M.K.S. system uses metre, kilogram, and second as base units, while the S.I. system is a modernized, internationally standardized system. In practice, the key difference asked in such questions is the unit of force: in M.K.S. it is the newton only when derived in SI, but in traditional engineering context M.K.S. uses the absolute unit of force derived from the base units, whereas S.I. standardizes force as the newton. Therefore, the basic difference is in the unit of force. Mass, length, and time are the same base dimensions in both systems.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
When a well is penetrated into an extensive homogeneous aquifer, the water table initially (before pumping) remains horizontal in the well which is called
A)
Static water level
B)
Drawdown curve
C)
Surface water level
D)
Pumping water level
Before pumping starts, the water level in a well that penetrates an extensive homogeneous aquifer is the natural groundwater level. This is called the static water level. Drawdown curve refers to the lowered water surface due to pumping, and pumping water level is the water level during pumping. Surface water level is unrelated to groundwater in a well.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
Design procedure of a permanent soil conservation structure should include-
A)
Hydraulic design
B)
Hydrologic design
C)
Structural design
D)
All of these
A permanent soil conservation structure must be designed from three angles: hydrologic design to estimate runoff and water flow, hydraulic design to safely convey/dispose the water, and structural design to ensure strength and stability of the structure. Since all three are necessary parts of the design procedure, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
If Load of force acting on the body is denoted by (P), cross sectional area of the body by (A), l=Original length of the body & dl = change of length of the body, then Mathematically stress (p) and Strain (e) may be define as
A)
p = P/A, e = dl/l
B)
p = P/dl, e = dl/A
C)
p = P/l, e = dl/dl
D)
p = P/A, e = P/l
Stress is defined as force per unit cross-sectional area, so p = P/A. Strain is defined as change in length divided by original length, so e = dl/l. Therefore option (a) is correct. The other options mix up force, area, and length incorrectly.
Junior Engineer • 2020 • Technical Paper-II
If T is time of concentration (in m), L is the maximum length of the flow (in m) & S is the average slope of the area (in m/m) then, Empirical formula for estimating the time of concentration is
A)
T = 0.0195 L^0.77 S^-0.385
B)
T = 0.0190 L^0.77 S^-0.385
C)
T = 0.0195 L^0.77 S^-0.380
D)
T = 0.0195 L^0.70 S^-0.385
The standard empirical formula for time of concentration used in hydrology is the Kirpich-type relation: T = 0.0195 L^0.77 S^-0.385, where L is the maximum flow length and S is the average slope. Among the given choices, option (a) matches this formula exactly. The other options have an incorrect coefficient or incorrect exponent values.
