← Junior Engineer
Past Questions
Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence: 1. Police 2. Punishment 3. Crime 4. Judge 5. Judgement
A)
3, 1, 2, 4, 5
B)
1, 2, 4, 3, 5
C)
5, 4, 3, 2, 1
D)
3, 1, 4, 5, 2
The logical sequence is: Crime → Police → Punishment → Judge → Judgement. First a crime is committed, then the police investigate/arrest, punishment follows through the legal process, the judge gives the decision, and finally judgment is delivered. So the correct arrangement is 3, 1, 2, 4, 5.
If the thickness of a structural member is small as compared to its length and width, it is classified as
A)
one dimensional
B)
two dimensional
C)
three dimensional
D)
none of these
A structural member whose thickness is very small compared to its length and width is treated as a planar or two-dimensional member, because variation through the thickness is neglected in analysis. One-dimensional members are typically bars/rods where only length is significant, while three-dimensional bodies have all dimensions comparable.
Bearings are designated in two system
A)
North and south bearings
B)
Whole Circle and Reduced Bearings
C)
Clockwise and anti-clockwise bearings
D)
Forward and back bearings
In surveying, bearings are expressed in two standard systems: (1) Whole Circle Bearing (WCB), measured clockwise from the north direction through 0° to 360°, and (2) Reduced Bearing (RB), also called quadrantal bearing, measured from north or south toward east or west. Therefore, the correct answer is Whole Circle and Reduced Bearings. The other options refer to directions or types of bearings, but not the two formal designation systems.
Contingencies provided in an estimate is
A)
provision for quality control works
B)
provision for staff salary
C)
provision to meet unforeseen expenditure in execution the work
D)
none of these
In estimation and costing, contingencies are an additional percentage amount kept in the estimate to cover unforeseen items or expenses that may arise during execution of the work. It is not meant for staff salary or quality control works specifically. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
The pavement width of road is depends upon
A)
Terrain
B)
Types of traffic
C)
Nos. of lanes
D)
Formation width
Pavement width is mainly governed by the number of lanes required for traffic movement. As the number of lanes increases, the carriageway/pavement width increases accordingly. Terrain affects alignment and design speed, types of traffic affect pavement thickness and composition, and formation width is the overall roadbed width, but the direct basis for pavement width is the number of lanes.
One Chain link measures:
A)
30cm
B)
20cm
C)
15cm
D)
10cm
In surveying, a standard metric chain is made up of links, and each chain link measures 0.20 m = 20 cm. Therefore, the correct answer is 20 cm. The other options do not match the standard surveying chain link length.
Surveying Metric Chains are available in length of:
A)
15m and 30m
B)
20m and 30m
C)
10m and 20m
D)
30m and 50m
Metric chains used in surveying are commonly manufactured in standard lengths of 20 m and 30 m. The 20 m chain is often used for smaller surveys, while the 30 m chain is more common in engineering and cadastral surveys. The other options list non-standard lengths for metric chains.
Extension of time can be granted if
A)
the contractor fails to complete the work in time due to his slow progress
B)
the contractor neglect his work and do not completed work in time
C)
there is a compensation events as per contract agreement
D)
there is long and heavy monsoon rain.
Extension of time is granted when delay occurs due to reasons covered under the contract, such as compensation events, employer-caused delays, changes in scope, or other permissible causes. Slow progress or negligence by the contractor are not valid grounds for extension. Heavy monsoon rain may sometimes justify extension only if specifically recognized by the contract and shown to be exceptional, but the best and most correct option here is the contractual compensation event.
Substituted item is
A)
an item executed but not included in the agreement
B)
an item executed in excess of original agreement quantities
C)
an item executed in place of other similar item having different specification and rates
D)
an item which was not required to be executed.
A substituted item is one that replaces an originally specified item during execution, usually because of a change in specification, design, or material, and it is paid at a different rate. Option (a) refers to extra/non-agreement items, option (b) refers to excess quantities, and option (d) is not a standard contract term.
Which one of the following gases is most significant as air pollutant
A)
Carbondioxide
B)
Oxygen
C)
Nitrogen
D)
Sulphurdioxide
Sulphur dioxide is a major air pollutant because it is released from the burning of sulfur-containing fuels and industrial processes. It irritates the respiratory system and contributes to acid rain and smog. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen are natural components of air and are not considered significant air pollutants in this context.
Raising outer edge of the road with respect to inner edge on curve is known as
A)
Cant
B)
Banking
C)
Super elevation
D)
All of these
On a horizontal curve, the outer edge of the road is raised above the inner edge to counteract the centrifugal force. This is called super elevation, and it is also commonly referred to as cant or banking. Since all three terms mean the same thing in highway engineering, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
In Water bound macadam roads, binding material is
A)
Sand
B)
Soil
C)
Stone dust
D)
Brick dust
In Water Bound Macadam (WBM) roads, the binding material used to fill the voids between the coarse aggregates is usually stone dust (also called screenings or binding material). It helps interlock the aggregate layer and provides a dense surface. Sand and soil are not suitable as standard WBM binding materials, and brick dust is not the usual binding material in WBM construction.
The unit of measurement is per quintal for the following item
A)
Collapsible gates with rails
B)
Rolling shutter
C)
Expanded metal wire netting
D)
Reinforcement of R.C.C. works
In estimation and costing, expanded metal wire netting is measured by weight, and the unit of measurement is commonly per quintal. Collapsible gates and rolling shutters are usually measured in square metres or by area, while reinforcement in R.C.C. works is measured in kilograms or quintals depending on the schedule, but the standard item specifically associated with per quintal here is expanded metal wire netting.
Plaster work is measured in
A)
Cum.
B)
Sqm.
C)
Rm.
D)
None of these
Plaster work is measured by surface area, since it is applied as a thin layer over walls, ceilings, etc. Therefore, the correct unit is square metre (Sqm.). Cum. is used for volume measurements, and Rm. is used for length measurements. Hence, option (b) is correct.
For the survival of fish in a river stream, the minimum dissolved oxygen is prescribed
A)
3 PPm
B)
4 PPm
C)
5 PPm
D)
6 PPm
Fish generally require dissolved oxygen of about 5 mg/L (ppm) or more for safe survival in a river stream. Below this level, stress increases and many species may not survive. Hence, among the given options, 5 ppm is the prescribed minimum.
The ration of longitudinal stress to strain within elastic limit is known as
A)
Tangent modulus of elasticity
B)
Bulk modulus of elasticity
C)
Shear modulus of elasticity
D)
Modulus of elasticity
Within the elastic limit, the ratio of longitudinal stress to longitudinal strain is called Young's modulus, also known as the modulus of elasticity. The tangent modulus is used beyond the proportional limit, the bulk modulus relates volumetric stress and strain, and the shear modulus relates shear stress and shear strain.
The sludge does not contain waste water from
A)
Bath rooms
B)
Wash basins
C)
Kitchen sinks
D)
Toilets
Sludge is the semi-solid residue that settles in wastewater treatment. Wastewater from bath rooms, wash basins, and kitchen sinks contributes to sewage and sludge. Toilets mainly discharge excreta-rich sewage, but the question asks which one sludge does not contain wastewater from; in standard sanitary engineering terminology, sludge is not associated with wastewater from toilets in this context. Hence, the correct option is Toilets.
In Percentage rate contract the
A)
payments to the contractor are to be made item wise rate
B)
payments to the contractor are made in percentage of the work done value
C)
payment to the contractor is made after completion of the work
D)
none of these
In a percentage rate contract, the contractor quotes a percentage above or below the estimated rate schedule. Payment is then made by applying that percentage to the value of work actually executed. So the contractor is paid in percentage of the work done value. Option (a) describes item-rate contract, and (c) describes lump-sum or completion-based payment, so they are incorrect.
Work schedule is
A)
Detail list of works to be taken up for a specified period of time
B)
Detail list of works that has been completed
C)
Important list of work
D)
None of these
A work schedule in estimation and costing means a planned, detailed list of works to be executed within a specified period. It is used to organize and control construction activities. Option (b) refers to completed works, not a schedule. Option (c) is too vague and not the standard definition. Therefore, (a) is correct.
Sewer manholes are generally provided at
A)
the change of gradient
B)
the change of direction
C)
the junction of sewer
D)
all of these
Sewer manholes are provided at points where inspection, cleaning, or maintenance is needed. This includes: (1) change of gradient, because flow conditions change; (2) change of direction, because bends need access for maintenance; and (3) junctions of sewers, where multiple lines meet. Therefore, the correct answer is all of these.
The distance between c.g of compression and c.g. of tension flanges of a plate girder is known as
A)
Overall depth
B)
Effective depth
C)
Clear depth
D)
Actual depth
In a plate girder, the distance between the centre of gravity (c.g.) of the compression flange and the centre of gravity (c.g.) of the tension flange is called the **effective depth**. It is the depth that effectively resists bending moment.
- **Overall depth**: total depth of the girder from top to bottom, including flange thicknesses.
- **Clear depth**: usually the distance between the inner faces of flanges/web portions, not between c.g.s.
- **Actual depth**: a general term, but not the standard structural term for this definition.
Hence, the correct answer is **(b) Effective depth**.
For making detailed estimate of the building the following method can be used
A)
Long and short wall method
B)
Centre line method
C)
Crossing method
D)
All of these
Detailed estimate of a building can be prepared by several standard methods, depending on the plan and type of construction. The long wall and short wall method, centre line method, and crossing method are all used in estimation and costing for buildings. Hence, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
In Concrete work, item shall be measured in cubic meter and no deduction shall be made for
A)
Opening up to 0.10 sq. m.
B)
Volume occupied by reinforcement
C)
Small voids not exceeding 40 sq.cm each in cross section
D)
All of these
In concrete work, measurement is generally taken by volume in cubic metres. As per standard estimation rules, no deduction is made for small openings/voids up to the specified limit and also for the volume occupied by reinforcement. Here, opening up to 0.10 sq. m., volume occupied by reinforcement, and small voids not exceeding 40 sq. cm each in cross section are all cases where no deduction is made. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
As per IRC-52-2001 the desirable road land width for National & State highway in open area is
A)
18.00 m
B)
20.00 m
C)
24.00 m
D)
30.00 m
As per IRC-52-2001, the desirable road land width for National and State highways in open area is 24.00 m. This is the standard recommended width for highway land in open terrain. The other options are not the prescribed desirable width for this category.
On a steel structures the dead load is the the weight of
A)
Steel works
B)
Material fastened to steel work
C)
Material supported permanently
D)
All the above
In steel structures, dead load means the permanent load acting on the structure. It includes the self-weight of the steel works, any materials fastened to the steel work, and any materials permanently supported by it. Therefore, all the listed items are part of dead load.