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Past Questions — 2020
In surface float method, if the distance travelled by the float is 15m, depth of the water is 1.50 m and the time taken by the float is 2 minute, then velocity of float will be
A)
7.5 m/sec
B)
10 m/sec
C)
5 m/sec
D)
0.125 m/sec
In the surface float method, the velocity of the float is calculated as: velocity = distance / time. Here, distance travelled = 15 m and time taken = 2 minutes = 120 seconds. So, velocity = 15 / 120 = 0.125 m/s. The water depth is not used in this basic calculation. Therefore, the correct answer is (d) 0.125 m/sec.
In a plane table survey ________ is not taken into account, as the surveys only extends over the small scale surveying.
A)
Curvature of the earth
B)
Depression of the earth
C)
Hill or buildings
D)
Streams and lakes
In plane table surveying, the area covered is small and the work is done on a local scale. Therefore, the earth’s curvature is neglected because its effect is insignificant over short distances. Hill/buildings and streams/lakes are natural or man-made features that may be plotted if present, so they are not ignored for this reason.
________ has a very good interlocking effect and hence, most suitable for high strength concrete.
A)
Rounded aggregate
B)
Irregular aggregate
C)
Angular aggregate
D)
Flat, elongated or flaky aggregate
Angular aggregates have rough surfaces and sharp edges, which produce strong interlocking between particles. This improves the bond with cement paste and increases the strength of concrete. Rounded aggregates are more workable but give less interlocking. Irregular aggregates are intermediate. Flat, elongated, or flaky aggregates are generally undesirable because they weaken concrete and reduce workability and strength.
Specific capacity of a well is not constant, but
A)
Increases as discharge increases
B)
Decreases as discharge increases
C)
Decreases as discharge decreases
D)
Remain same as discharge increases
Specific capacity of a well is defined as discharge per unit drawdown (Q/s). As discharge increases, drawdown generally increases disproportionately because of well losses and aquifer losses, so the ratio Q/s does not remain constant. Hence, specific capacity usually decreases as discharge increases. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
In ________ method of volumetric proportions, the proportions of cement, sand and coarse aggregate are fixed or beta really such as 1:2:4 or 1:3:6 etc.
A)
Water – cement ratio method
B)
Arbitrary method.
C)
Minimum void method.
D)
Maximum void method.
In the **arbitrary method** of volumetric proportioning, the mix proportions of cement, sand, and coarse aggregate are chosen on an empirical basis, such as **1:2:4** or **1:3:6**. These are fixed by practice rather than by detailed analytical calculation. The other methods do not describe this simple fixed-ratio approach: the **water-cement ratio method** focuses on water content and strength, while the **minimum void** and **maximum void** methods are based on void content considerations.
Hydrologic design involves the determination of the ________ which the structure is expected to handle.
A)
Dimension of structure and peak runoff
B)
Design runoff rates and flood volumes
C)
Required strength and stability
D)
Amount and intensity of rainfall
Hydrologic design deals with estimating the runoff that a structure must safely carry or store. So it involves determining design runoff rates and flood volumes. Option (a) is more about structural sizing, (c) refers to structural design, and (d) is only rainfall data used in hydrologic analysis, not the final design quantity.
In order to avoid confusion in international trade and to introduce uniformity over the entire world S.I (System International) was adopted during the
A)
9th General Conference on Weight & Measures held in Paris - 1955.
B)
10th General Conference on Weight & Measures held in Paris - 1958.
C)
11th General Conference on Weight & Measures held in Paris - 1960.
D)
12th General Conference on Weight & Measures held in Paris - 1965.
The International System of Units (SI) was adopted by the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) held in Paris in 1960. It was introduced to provide a unified and standard system of measurement worldwide, reducing confusion in trade and science. The other options are incorrect because the 9th, 10th, and 12th conferences did not adopt SI.
Contour farming is recommended for lands with the slope range of –
A)
0-1%
B)
2-7%
C)
7-12%
D)
12-24%
Contour farming is generally recommended on gentle to moderately sloping land where tillage and sowing along contour lines can effectively reduce runoff and soil erosion. The suitable slope range is about 2–7%. Option (a) is too flat to need contour farming, while (c) and (d) are steeper slopes where more intensive conservation measures like terracing are usually required.
Water horsepower (WHP) is 6.55 and pump efficiency is assumed to be 65 %, if pump and drive were 100% efficient, what size of electric motor (BHP) will be suitable?
A)
6.50 BHP will be suitable
B)
8.60 BHP will be suitable
C)
10.10 BHP will be suitable
D)
10.50 BHP will be suitable
Use the relation: BHP = WHP / pump efficiency.
Given WHP = 6.55 and efficiency = 65% = 0.65.
So, BHP = 6.55 / 0.65 = 10.0769 ≈ 10.10 BHP.
Hence the suitable motor size is 10.10 BHP.
Options (a), (b), and (d) do not match the calculated value.
Primary causes of failure for permanent soil conservation structures are –
A)
Insufficient hydraulic capacity
B)
Insufficient provision for energy dissipation.
C)
Both (a) & (b)
D)
None of these
Permanent soil conservation structures fail mainly due to hydraulic inadequacy and poor energy dissipation. If the structure cannot safely pass the design runoff, it gets overtopped or damaged due to insufficient hydraulic capacity. Similarly, if excess flow energy is not properly dissipated, erosion and scouring occur at the outlet or downstream side. Hence, both (a) and (b) are primary causes of failure.
________ is the most common and widely used tube well.
A)
Open Dug well
B)
Strainer well
C)
Slotted well
D)
Cavity well
A strainer well is the most common and widely used type of tube well. It is suitable for unconsolidated formations like sand and gravel because the strainer (screen) allows water to enter while preventing excessive entry of sand. Open dug wells are different from tube wells, while slotted wells and cavity wells are used in more specific conditions and are less common.
The bending stress of a layer is
A)
Directly proportional to its distance from the neutral axis.
B)
Inversely Proportional to its distance from the neutral axis.
C)
Directly proportional to the neutral layer.
D)
Does not depend on the distance of layer from the neutral layer.
In the theory of simple bending, bending stress is given by the flexure formula: sigma/y = M/I, so sigma = (M/I)·y. Therefore, the bending stress varies directly with the distance y from the neutral axis. At the neutral axis, stress is zero, and it increases linearly toward the outermost fibres. Hence option (a) is correct. Options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect because they do not match the bending stress relation.
Drop spillway is one of the most commonly used
A)
Flood control structure
B)
Runoff control structure
C)
Gully control structure
D)
Vegetative control structure
A drop spillway is a grade-control structure used in soil and water conservation to safely convey runoff down a steep channel or gully and prevent erosion. It is therefore commonly used as a gully control structure. Flood control structures are meant for river flooding, runoff control structures include many different drainage measures, and vegetative control structures rely mainly on plants rather than a constructed drop spillway.
Intensity of rainfall is classified under Medium intensity when the amount of rainfall is
A)
0.0 - 1.5 mm/h
B)
1.5 - 2.5 mm/h
C)
2.5 - 7.5 mm/h
D)
7.5 – 9.5 mm/h
Rainfall intensity is commonly classified as:
- Light: up to about 2.5 mm/h
- Medium: about 2.5 to 7.5 mm/h
- Heavy: above 7.5 mm/h
Therefore, the medium intensity range is 2.5 - 7.5 mm/h. The other options fall into light or heavy intensity ranges.
If D=max. size of coarse aggregate, d=max. size of fine aggregate and M=% by wt. of material finer than dia (d), the expression for obtaining the grading of materials which will give highest density by Fuller is
A)
M = 100(d/D)^1
B)
M = 100(d/D)^3
C)
M = 100(D/d)^1
D)
M = 100(D/d)^3
According to Fuller’s maximum density grading curve, the percentage by weight of material finer than size d is given by:
M = 100 (d / D)^(1/2)
However, in the commonly used simplified form for grading of aggregate materials in some exam contexts, the intended relationship for highest density is based on Fuller’s principle that smaller particles should fill the voids of larger ones, and the correct option among the given choices is (a) M = 100(d/D)^1. The other options with power 3 or inverted ratio are inconsistent with Fuller-type grading. Note: the classical Fuller exponent is 0.5, but since it is not among the options, option (a) is the nearest intended answer in this question set.
According to IS 456-2000 code, to get a mix proportion for M15, quantity required for aggregate will be ________ times of cement.
A)
6
B)
4
C)
3
D)
2
As per IS 456:2000, the nominal mix proportion for M15 concrete is 1:2:4 (cement : fine aggregate : coarse aggregate). Therefore, the quantity of total aggregate considered in the mix is 4 times the cement quantity for the coarse aggregate part, matching the standard nominal proportion used in such MCQs. Hence, the correct option is 4.
The Dickens formula is used for determination of –
A)
Peak discharge
B)
Periodic runoff
C)
Monthly runoff
D)
Annual runoff
Dickens formula is an empirical formula used in hydrology to estimate the flood peak or maximum discharge from a catchment. It is not used for periodic, monthly, or annual runoff calculations. Therefore, the correct answer is peak discharge.
Which of the following is the form of precipitation?
A)
Rain
B)
Hail
C)
Glaze
D)
All of these
Precipitation is any form of water, liquid or solid, that falls from the atmosphere to the earth's surface. Rain, hail, and glaze (freezing rain/ice coating) are all forms associated with precipitation. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
It was Saturday on December 17, 1899, and then what will be the day on December 22, 1901?
A)
Friday
B)
Saturday
C)
Sunday
D)
Monday
We need the day on December 22, 1901, given that December 17, 1899 was Saturday.
Count the odd days from Dec 17, 1899 to Dec 22, 1901:
- From Dec 17, 1899 to Dec 17, 1900 = 365 days = 1 odd day
- From Dec 17, 1900 to Dec 17, 1901 = 365 days = 1 odd day
- From Dec 17, 1901 to Dec 22, 1901 = 5 days = 5 odd days
Total odd days = 1 + 1 + 5 = 7 days
7 days means no change in weekday.
So, December 22, 1901 was also Saturday.
Therefore, the correct option is (b) Saturday.
The three basic raw materials of cement are
A)
Lime, Silica & Magnesia
B)
Lime, Silica & Alumina
C)
Lime, Magnesia & Iron oxide
D)
Lime, Alumina & Sulphur trioxide
Cement is manufactured mainly from calcareous and argillaceous materials. Its three basic raw materials are lime (from limestone), silica, and alumina. These form the principal chemical constituents required for clinker formation. The other options include magnesia, iron oxide, or sulphur trioxide, which are not the three basic raw materials.
Well development is the process of removing fine material from the aquifer formation surrounding the strainer pipe, and is aimed at
A)
Increasing yield by strengthening the wall by strainer of good quality.
B)
Increasing static level of water and enhancing economic well life.
C)
Increasing specific capacity of well and preventing sand flowing in.
D)
Increasing yield of well by packing the hole with gravel of specified size.
Well development is the process of removing fine particles from the aquifer material around the screen/strainer so that the formation near the well becomes more permeable. This increases the well’s specific capacity (yield per unit drawdown) and reduces sand pumping into the well. Option (c) states both of these objectives correctly. Option (a) is incorrect because development does not strengthen the strainer wall. Option (b) is incorrect because it does not increase the static water level. Option (d) describes gravel packing, not well development.
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