Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-II
The perpendicular distance between the corner and hypotenuse of the welded cross-section in a Fillet Weld is known as
A)
legs ofthe weld
B)
size of the weld
C)
effective length
D)
throat thickness
In a fillet weld, the perpendicular distance from the root/inside corner to the hypotenuse (the face of the weld) is called the throat thickness. The legs are the two sides of the triangular weld, and the size of the weld refers to the leg length, not the perpendicular distance. Effective length is the usable length of the weld along the joint.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-II
In Mizoram, Administrative Approval for all works under PWD is accorded from the Office of the
A)
Engineer-in-Chief, PWD
B)
Secretary, PWD
C)
Secretary, Finance Department
D)
Minister, PWD
In Mizoram, administrative approval for PWD works is accorded from the office of the Secretary, Finance Department. The Engineer-in-Chief/PWD handles technical matters and execution, but the administrative approval is a finance-sanctioning function. Hence, option (c) is correct.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-II
Normally 10 % of the amount is deducted from every Contractor’s Bill to be released after a lapse of 6 months (sometimes 1 year or more) from the date of Completion of the work. Such deductions are known as
A)
Security Deposit
B)
Earnest Money
C)
Advance Payment
D)
Performance Guarantee
In PWD/contract works, a percentage of each running/final bill is usually withheld as security and is released after the defect-liability period or after a specified time from completion. This deduction is called the Security Deposit.
Why others are incorrect:
- Earnest Money is deposited before award of work, not deducted from bills.
- Advance Payment is money paid in advance to the contractor.
- Performance Guarantee is a separate guarantee furnished by the contractor to ensure due performance of the contract.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
As per IS 3370 (Part 2) : 2009, the bar spacing in reinforcement in RCC Water tanks should generally not exceed X or the thickness of the Section, whichever is less. Find the correct value of X.
A)
200mm
B)
250mm
C)
300mm
D)
350mm
As per IS 3370 (Part 2): 2009, the spacing of reinforcement bars in RCC water tanks should generally not exceed 200 mm or the thickness of the section, whichever is less. Hence, X = 200 mm. The other options are higher than the code-specified general limit.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Identify the source of energy for the hydrological cycle.
A)
Ocean
B)
Sun
C)
Water
D)
Precipitation
The hydrological cycle is driven by solar energy. The Sun heats water bodies, causing evaporation; this vapor later condenses and falls as precipitation. The ocean is the main water reservoir, but not the energy source. Water and precipitation are parts of the cycle, not its driving force.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
The most commonly adopted type of Stone Masonry in Mizoram is
A)
Random Rubble Masonry
B)
Coursed Rubble Masonry
C)
Ashlar Masonry
D)
Dry Rubble Masonry
In Mizoram, stone masonry work commonly uses locally available stones with minimal dressing, which suits Random Rubble Masonry. This type is economical, practical, and well adapted to local construction conditions. Coursed rubble and ashlar masonry require more dressing and are costlier, while dry rubble masonry is less common for general structural use.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
An undisturbed sample of soil has a volume of 50 cc and weighs 95 gm. On oven drying for 24 hours, the weight is reduced to 80 gm. Determine the bulk density of the soil sample.
A)
1.60 gm/ce
B)
1.80 gm/cc
C)
1.90 gm/cc
D)
1.95 gm/cc
Bulk density (wet density) is the mass of the soil sample divided by its total volume. Here, bulk density = 95 g / 50 cc = 1.90 g/cc. The oven-dried weight (80 g) is not used for bulk density; it would be used for dry density. Therefore, the correct option is (c) 1.90 gm/cc.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
The standard rain-gauge adopted in India is of
A)
weighing bucket type
B)
natural siphon type
C)
tipping bucket type
D)
telemetry type
The standard rain-gauge commonly adopted in India is the tipping bucket rain-gauge. It records rainfall automatically by tipping at fixed increments of rainfall, making it suitable for standard hydrological observations. The other options are not the standard adopted type: weighing bucket is used for different precision measurements, natural siphon is not the standard Indian rain-gauge, and telemetry refers to a data transmission system, not a gauge type.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Which of the following is true for a mid-span section of a simply supported concrete beam?
A)
the top fibres are in tension
B)
the bottom fibres are in tension
C)
all fibres are in tension
D)
all fibres are in compression
For a simply supported beam under downward loading, the bending moment at mid-span is positive (sagging). In sagging, the top fibres are in compression and the bottom fibres are in tension. Hence, at the mid-span section, the bottom fibres are in tension. The other options are incorrect because the top fibres are not in tension, and not all fibres are in the same state of stress.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
As per IS 3370 (Part I) : 2009, the roofs of liquid retaining structures should be tested by flooding for 24 hours or more with water to a minimum depth of
A)
25mm
B)
30mm
C)
35mm
D)
40mm
As per IS 3370 (Part I): 2009, the roof of a liquid retaining structure is tested by flooding it for 24 hours or more with water to a minimum depth of 25 mm. Hence, option (a) is correct. The other values (30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm) are not the specified minimum test depth in the code.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Which of the following is true for a near support section of a concrete cantilever beam?
A)
the top fibres are in tension
B)
the bottom fibres are in tension
C)
all fibres are in tension
D)
all fibres are in compression
In a cantilever beam carrying downward load, the bending moment near the fixed support is negative (hogging). Due to this hogging moment, the top fibres elongate and are in tension, while the bottom fibres are in compression. Therefore, near the support section of a concrete cantilever beam, the top fibres are in tension.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
The liquidity index is defined as the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the natural water content of a soil minus its Z, to its plasticity index. Find the correct replacement for Z.
A)
liquid limit
B)
plastic limit
C)
plasticity index
D)
liquidity index
The liquidity index is defined as:
Liquidity Index = (Natural water content − Plastic limit) / Plasticity Index × 100
So, in the given statement, Z must be the plastic limit.
Why others are incorrect:
- (a) liquid limit: used in the consistency index, not liquidity index.
- (c) plasticity index: this is the denominator, not the subtraction term.
- (d) liquidity index: this is the full ratio itself, not Z.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
The specific gravity of most stones lie between
A)
1.8 to 2.2
B)
2.5 to 3.0
C)
3.0 to 3.5
D)
3.5 to 4.5
The specific gravity of most building stones generally lies between 2.5 and 3.0. This is the standard range given in civil engineering materials. Option (a) is too low for stones, while (c) and (d) are too high and not typical for common stones.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Rankine’s Theory of Active Earth Pressure assumes that the resultant earth pressure acts at a hei ght of X from the base. Ifh is the height of the retaining wall, then X is equal to
A)
h
B)
Wv2
C)
h/3
D)
h/4
According to Rankine’s active earth pressure theory, the earth pressure distribution on a retaining wall is triangular, with zero pressure at the top and maximum at the base. The resultant of a triangular pressure distribution acts at one-third of the height from the base. Hence, if the wall height is h, the resultant earth pressure acts at h/3 from the base. Therefore, the correct option is (c).
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
In Limit State Method of Design, the partial factor of safety for concrete is kept
A)
more than that of steel
B)
less than that of steel
C)
equal to that of steel
D)
equal to 1
In the Limit State Method, the partial safety factor for materials is higher for concrete than for steel. As per standard RCC design practice (IS 456), the partial safety factor for concrete is 1.5, while for steel it is 1.15. Hence, concrete is assigned a larger safety factor because its strength variability and brittleness are greater than steel.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
As per CPWD Specification, the height of each course in a Regular Coursed Rubble Stone masonry (1* sort) shall not be less than
A)
15cm
B)
20cm
C)
25cm
D)
30cm
As per CPWD specifications for Regular Coursed Rubble Stone masonry (1st sort), the height of each course should not be less than 20 cm. This ensures proper bonding and uniformity in the masonry. Hence, option (b) is correct. The other options are incorrect because 15 cm is below the minimum specified limit, while 25 cm and 30 cm are higher than the prescribed minimum.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Based on the time delay between the precipitation and the runoff, the runoff is classified into two categories; viz Base flow and
A)
Groundwater runoff
B)
Surfacerunoff
C)
Direct runoff
D)
Delayed runoff
Runoff is commonly classified based on the time lag between precipitation and its appearance in a stream into: (1) Base flow, which is the delayed contribution from groundwater, and (2) Direct runoff, which is the quick response of rainfall/snowmelt reaching the channel. Therefore, the correct pair is Base flow and Direct runoff. 'Groundwater runoff' is essentially the source of base flow, not the other category, and 'surface runoff' is related but the standard classification term asked here is direct runoff.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
As per IS: 456 : 2000 the formula for Permissible loads, P on short concrete columns is given by P=o,, A,+0,,.A,,. The term A,, stands for
A)
Cross-sectional area of longitudinal (concrete — steel)
B)
Cross-sectional area of longitudinal (concrete + steel)
C)
Cross-sectional area of longitudinal concrete
D)
Cross-sectional area of longitudinal steel
For short concrete columns, IS 456:2000 gives permissible load in the form involving the areas of concrete and steel separately. Here, A_c refers to the concrete area excluding steel, while A_s refers to the cross-sectional area of longitudinal steel reinforcement. Therefore, A_s stands for the longitudinal steel area. Among the given options, this corresponds to option (d). However, since the formula in the question appears to use A,, for the steel term and A,, for concrete, the intended answer for the term A,, is longitudinal steel. If the notation in the paper is taken as the steel area term, the correct option is (d).
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Seasoning of timber is required to
A)
soften the timber
B)
harden the timber
C)
straighten the timber
D)
remove sap from the timber
Seasoning is the process of drying timber to reduce its moisture content and remove sap/juices. This improves strength, durability, workability, and dimensional stability. It does not primarily soften, harden, or straighten the timber.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Which of the following is an important parameter considered in Limit State Design of Serviceability?
A)
Buckling
B)
Collapse
C)
Shear
D)
Deflection
In Limit State Design, the serviceability limit state checks whether the structure remains fit for use and appearance during its service life. Important serviceability parameters include deflection, cracking, vibration, and durability. Among the given options, deflection is a serviceability criterion. Buckling, collapse, and shear are mainly associated with strength or ultimate limit state checks, not serviceability.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Plastic limit is the water content corresponding to an arbitrary limit between the plastic and X states of consistency ofa soil. Find the correct replacement for X.
A)
solid
B)
semi-solid
C)
liquid
D)
semi-liquid
The plastic limit is defined as the water content at which soil changes from the plastic state to the semi-solid state. Hence, the arbitrary boundary is between the plastic and semi-solid states. Option (b) is correct. The other options are incorrect because solid is a drier state than semi-solid, while liquid and semi-liquid are wetter states than plastic.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
Which of the following is not a form of precipitation?
A)
Hail
B)
Snow
C)
Cloud
D)
Dew
Precipitation means water that falls from the atmosphere to the earth’s surface, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Hail and snow are forms of precipitation. Dew is not precipitation; it is moisture that condenses on cool surfaces near the ground. Cloud is not a form of precipitation because it is just a visible mass of suspended water droplets or ice crystals in the atmosphere.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
A road formation has been eroded by heavy rains. Remedial measures have to be taken immediately by construction of a masonry Z wall on the downstream side. Find the most appropriate replacement for Z.
A)
Breast
B)
Toe
C)
Retaining
D)
Revetment
A masonry Z wall on the downstream side of an eroded road formation refers to a protection wall constructed at the toe of the slope. A toe wall supports the slope and prevents further erosion or slipping at the base. 'Breast wall' is used on uphill side support, 'retaining wall' is a general term, and 'revetment' is protective armoring against erosion, not the specific replacement here.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
What will be the shape of the Bending Moment Diagram for a simply supported concrete beam acted upon by a uniformly distributed dead and live loads of 5 KN/m throughout the whole span?
A)
rectangular
B)
triangular
C)
circular
D)
parabolic
For a simply supported beam carrying a uniformly distributed load (UDL) over the entire span, the shear force varies linearly and the bending moment varies as a quadratic curve. Therefore, the bending moment diagram is a parabola. Hence, the correct answer is parabolic. A rectangular or triangular diagram would apply to constant moment or point-load cases, respectively, not full-span UDL.
Junior Engineer • 2016 • Paper-I
As per CPWD Specification, the height of each course in a Regular Coursed Rubble Stone masonry (1* sort) shall not be more than
A)
15cm
B)
20cm
C)
25cm
D)
30cm
As per CPWD specifications for Regular Coursed Rubble Stone Masonry (1st sort), the height of each course shall not be more than 25 cm. Hence option (c) is correct. The other options are incorrect because CPWD limits the course height to a maximum of 25 cm, not 15 cm, 20 cm, or 30 cm.
