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Past Questions — 2016
Which is not one of principal parts of capstan & turret lathe?
A)
Hexagonal turret
B)
Headstock
C)
Lathe bed
D)
Knee
A capstan/turret lathe has principal parts such as the headstock, lathe bed, and hexagonal turret (capstan head). The knee is a main part of a milling machine, not a capstan or turret lathe. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Things which are used to fasten the various parts of an assembly together are called
A)
Bolts and screws
B)
Springs
C)
Bearings
D)
None of these
Fastening elements are used to join or hold different parts of a machine or assembly together. Bolts and screws are standard fastening devices. Springs store and release energy, while bearings support rotating parts and reduce friction, so they are not primarily used for fastening.
The Equilibrium diagrams of alloys indicate the following
A)
Temperature at which the solid alloy will start melting & finish melting.
B)
Possible phase changes which will occur as the result of altering the composition or temperature.
C)
The percentage of increase of melting temperature of alloy
D)
Both (a) & (b)
Equilibrium (phase) diagrams of alloys show the phases present at different compositions and temperatures. They indicate the possible phase changes that occur when composition or temperature is altered, and also the temperatures at which a solid alloy begins to melt and finishes melting. Therefore, both (a) and (b) are correct. Option (c) is incorrect because equilibrium diagrams do not show the percentage increase of melting temperature.
The specification for the shapes, sizes and finishes are furnished to the shop by part drawings or manufacturing drawings. These specifications are often called
A)
Quality characteristics
B)
Standard measurements
C)
Engineering drawings
D)
None of these
Part drawings or manufacturing drawings provide the required shape, size, and finish specifications to the shop floor. Such technical specifications are commonly called engineering drawings. Option (a) is about product quality attributes, not drawing specifications; (b) is too narrow and does not cover finish/details; hence (c) is correct.
The stresses on the principal planes will be pure normal (tension or compression) and their values are called
A)
Principal stresses
B)
Safe stresses
C)
Shear stresses
D)
None of these
On principal planes, the shear stress is zero and only normal stress acts. These normal stresses, acting on the principal planes, are called principal stresses. Hence option (a) is correct. Safe stresses are allowable/design stresses, and shear stresses act tangentially rather than normally.
Which of the following does not form part of belts?
A)
Flat belt
B)
Chain
C)
Belt
D)
V-Belt
Belts are flexible power-transmission elements such as flat belts, V-belts, and round belts. A chain is not a belt; it is a separate power-transmission element used in chain drives. Therefore, among the options, 'Chain' does not form part of belts.
A clutch is
A)
A friction device which permits the connection and disconnection of shafts
B)
A device to reduce the speed
C)
A part of machine which supports the body
D)
None of these
A clutch is used to connect and disconnect the driving and driven shafts, usually by frictional contact. This allows power transmission to be engaged or disengaged as needed. Option (b) describes a speed reducer like a gear box or speed reducer, and option (c) refers to supporting elements such as bearings or frames, not a clutch.
Stresses which are normal to the plane on which they act are called
A)
Direct stresses
B)
Indirect stresses
C)
Proof stresses
D)
None of these
Stresses that act perpendicular (normal) to the plane on which they act are called direct stresses. These include tensile and compressive stresses. Shear stresses act tangentially, so option (a) is correct.
The ratio between lateral strain to longitudinal strain produced by a single stress is called
A)
Principal ratio
B)
Poisson’s ratio
C)
Bending ratio
D)
None of these
When a material is subjected to a single axial stress, it undergoes longitudinal strain in the direction of load and lateral strain perpendicular to it. The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain is called Poisson’s ratio. Therefore, option (b) is correct. The other options are not standard terms for this definition.
The machine element which provides a convenient means for transforming rotary motion into reciprocating motion is
A)
Spur gear
B)
Spring
C)
Cam
D)
None of these
A cam is a machine element used to convert rotary motion into reciprocating or oscillating motion of a follower. Spur gears transmit rotary motion between shafts, and springs store energy or absorb shock; they do not primarily transform rotary motion into reciprocating motion. Therefore, the correct answer is Cam.
The operation of removing trapped air from hydraulic braking system is known as
A)
Tapping
B)
Trapping
C)
Bleeding
D)
Pressurization
In a hydraulic braking system, any trapped air must be removed because air is compressible and reduces braking efficiency. The process of expelling this air from the brake lines is called bleeding. The other options are not correct: tapping and trapping are unrelated to brake maintenance, and pressurization refers to applying pressure, not removing air.
The method of measuring and/or checking the quality of a product in terms of specified standard
A)
Manufacturing
B)
Material handling
C)
Inspection
D)
None of these
Inspection is the process of measuring and/or checking a product against specified standards to verify its quality. Manufacturing is the production process, and material handling refers to movement/storage of materials, so neither describes quality checking.
A welding which is done by burning a combustible gas with air or oxygen in a concentrated flame of high temperature is
A)
Braze welding
B)
Electric welding
C)
Gas welding
D)
Arc welding
In gas welding, a combustible gas such as acetylene is burned with air or oxygen to produce a concentrated high-temperature flame that melts the metal edges. Braze welding uses a filler metal without melting the base metal, while electric welding and arc welding use electric current/arc rather than a gas flame.
A production lathe which is used to manufacture any number of identical pieces in the minimum time is
A)
Engine lathe
B)
A capstan and turret lathe
C)
Speed lathe
D)
None of these
A capstan and turret lathe is designed for repetitive production of identical components in minimum time. It allows multiple tools to be set on a turret, so successive operations can be performed quickly with little setup time. An engine lathe is mainly a general-purpose machine, and a speed lathe is used for simple operations like turning, polishing, or wood turning, not mass production. Therefore, the correct answer is capstan and turret lathe.
Heat treatment refers to a combination of processing of a metal or alloy in the solid state for the purpose of obtaining desired properties
A)
Balancing & Wiring
B)
Heating & Cooling
C)
Welding & Lighting
D)
None of these
Heat treatment is the process of heating and then cooling a metal or alloy in the solid state to obtain desired properties such as hardness, strength, ductility, or toughness. Hence, the correct combination is Heating & Cooling. The other options are unrelated to heat treatment.
The ratio of the direct stress to the strain produced is called
A)
Shear modulus
B)
Rigidity
C)
Young’s modulus
D)
None of these
Direct stress divided by the corresponding longitudinal strain is defined as Young’s modulus. It measures the stiffness of a material under tensile or compressive loading. Shear modulus/rigidity, on the other hand, is the ratio of shear stress to shear strain, so options (a) and (b) are incorrect.
A measure of the deformation produced in the member by the load is
A)
Strain
B)
Stress
C)
Elongation
D)
None of these
Strain is the measure of deformation produced in a member due to load. It is defined as change in length per unit original length. Stress, on the other hand, is the internal resisting force per unit area, and elongation is the actual increase in length, not the measure of deformation itself.
Which is not one of the principal parts of a Column & Knee type of milling machine?
A)
Piston ring
B)
Knee
C)
Base
D)
Column
A column and knee type milling machine has principal parts such as the base, column, knee, saddle, table, spindle, overarm/arbor support, and related mechanisms. The knee is one of its main parts, and the base and column are also principal structural components. A piston ring is an engine component, not a part of a milling machine. Therefore, the correct answer is Piston ring.
The length, breadth and depth of a water container is 3m, 2m and 1m respectively, the volume is
A)
600 litres
B)
3000 litres
C)
2000 litres
D)
None of these
Volume of a rectangular container = length × breadth × depth = 3 × 2 × 1 = 6 m³. Since 1 m³ = 1000 litres, the volume is 6 × 1000 = 6000 litres. So none of the listed numeric options match, making the correct option (d) None of these.
What is a prime consideration in designing the new plant building?
A)
Material handling
B)
Drawings
C)
Machine loading
D)
Value engineering
In plant layout, a prime consideration in designing a new plant building is efficient material handling, because the arrangement should minimize movement of materials, reduce handling cost, and improve workflow. 'Drawings' are not a design consideration, 'machine loading' is only one part of layout planning, and 'value engineering' is a broader cost-reduction method rather than the prime layout factor.
The main rotating parts which are to be balanced mechanically are
A)
Inlet valve & outlet valve
B)
Piston & Piston ring
C)
Crankshaft & Flywheel
D)
None of these
In dynamics of machinery, the main rotating parts that require mechanical balancing are the crankshaft and the flywheel, because their rotation can produce unbalanced centrifugal forces leading to vibration. Piston and piston rings are reciprocating parts, not rotating parts, so they are not the main components balanced mechanically in this context. Inlet and outlet valves also do not belong to the main rotating parts.
A machine used to bore holes in large and heavy parts such as engine frame, steam engine cylinders, machine housing etc. is
A)
Grinding machine
B)
Boring machine
C)
Planing machine
D)
Milling machine
A boring machine is specifically used to enlarge or finish existing holes in large, heavy workpieces such as engine frames, steam engine cylinders, and machine housings. Grinding machines are for finishing by abrasion, planing machines are for producing flat surfaces, and milling machines are mainly used for cutting with a rotating multi-point cutter.
Which one is not type of belts?
A)
Flat belt
B)
Circular belt or rope
C)
Vee belt
D)
Chain
Belts used in power transmission include flat belts, circular belts (rope drives), and V-belts. A chain is not a belt; it belongs to chain drive systems. Therefore, the correct answer is Chain.
Any member of a structure which is in compression may be called
A)
A column
B)
A truss
C)
A strut
D)
None of these
A structural member that is subjected to compression is generally called a strut. A column is also a compression member, but the term 'column' is usually used for vertical compression members in buildings and similar structures. Since the question asks for any member in compression, the correct general term is a strut. A truss is a complete framework, not a single compression member.
What type of annealing consists of - heating the steel slightly above the critical point, holding it at that temperature for a considerable period & slowly cooling?
A)
Spheroidise annealing
B)
Process annealing
C)
Full annealing
D)
None of these
In full annealing, steel is heated slightly above the critical temperature, held there for a sufficient period, and then cooled very slowly, usually in the furnace. This produces a soft, ductile structure. Spheroidise annealing is used mainly to spheroidize carbide particles, and process annealing is done below the critical range to remove internal stresses in cold-worked steel.