← Junior Engineer
Past Questions
Which of the following is not part of major factors of production?
A)
Land
B)
Labour & Capital
C)
Machinery
D)
None of these
The major factors of production are traditionally land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurship/organisation. Among the given options, land and labour & capital are factors of production. Machinery is not usually listed as a separate major factor; it is a type of capital. Therefore, the correct answer is Machinery.
Cutting work of iron and steel with the aid of oxygen which is extensively used nowadays in industry is
A)
Oxygen cutting
B)
Arc cutting
C)
Electric cutting
D)
None of these
Cutting iron and steel by using oxygen is called oxygen cutting, also known as oxy-fuel cutting. It is widely used in industry for cutting ferrous metals. Arc cutting uses electric arc, electric cutting is not the standard term here, and 'none of these' is incorrect because the process is specifically oxygen cutting.
Metal fits be specified to ensure the proper assembly of mating machine members
A)
Statement is true
B)
Statement is false
Fits are specified in metrology to control the relationship between mating parts, such as a shaft and a hole, so that they assemble properly and function as intended. They ensure the required clearance, transition, or interference during assembly. Hence, the statement is true. Option (b) is incorrect because fits are indeed used for proper assembly of mating machine members.
Which of the following is not a precision grinder?
A)
Abrasive belt grinder
B)
Surface grinder
C)
Cylinder grinder
D)
Internal grinder
Precision grinders are machine tools used for accurate finishing and close tolerances. Surface grinders, cylinder (cylindrical) grinders, and internal grinders are all standard precision grinding machines. An abrasive belt grinder is generally used for rough grinding, finishing, and deburring, but it is not classified as a precision grinder.
The process which keeps the actual standard as nearby as possible to the predetermined standards by strict supervision is known as
A)
Budgetary control
B)
Physical control
C)
Production control
D)
None of these
The phrase describes the process of keeping actual performance close to predetermined standards through strict supervision and corrective action. This is the definition of **production control** in manufacturing/operations management.
- **Budgetary control** deals with financial planning and control of budgets.
- **Physical control** refers to control over physical materials/inventory, not the overall process of matching actual output to standards.
- **Production control** specifically ensures production is carried out according to planned standards, schedules, and quality requirements.
Hence, the correct answer is **(c) Production control**.
Which of the following is not a type of Boring machine?
A)
Slotting machine
B)
Jigboring machine
C)
Horizontal boring machine
D)
Vertical boring machine
A boring machine is used to enlarge or finish existing holes. Common types include horizontal boring machine, vertical boring machine, and jig boring machine. A slotting machine, however, is used for cutting slots, keyways, and internal shapes by a vertical reciprocating tool, so it is not a type of boring machine.
The standard gravity force on 1 kg is
A)
9.81 N
B)
10N
C)
9.81kg
D)
None of these
Standard gravity is the acceleration due to gravity at Earth's surface, taken as 9.81 m/s². The weight (gravity force) on a mass of 1 kg is F = m × g = 1 × 9.81 = 9.81 N. Option (b) is only an approximation, and (c) is incorrect because kg is a unit of mass, not force.
The measuring devices, which enable the position of a surface to be determined with respect to horizontal and are widely used for the static levelling of machinery and other equipment are
A)
Spirit levels
B)
Angle gauges
C)
Bevel protractor
D)
Sine bar
Spirit levels are measuring devices used to determine the position of a surface with respect to the horizontal. They are commonly used for static levelling of machinery and equipment. Angle gauges, bevel protractors, and sine bars are used for angle measurement, not for basic levelling.
Which of the following is not part of important factors which are required to be considered for selection of exact plant location?
A)
Easy access
B)
Availability of cheap, sufficient and suitable land
C)
Cost of material required for construction
D)
None of these
For selecting an exact plant location, important factors usually include easy access, availability of cheap, sufficient and suitable land, transportation, power, water, labour, and expansion scope. The cost of construction material is not a direct factor for choosing the plant site; it affects building cost, not location selection. So option (c) is the correct choice.
Which of the following does not form a part of equipments which are commonly used for electric arc welding?
A)
Electrode
B)
Gas
C)
AC or DC machine
D)
Cable lug
In electric arc welding, the common equipment includes an electrode, an AC or DC welding machine, welding leads/cables, and cable lugs/clamps. Gas is not a standard part of electric arc welding equipment; it is associated with gas welding or some special processes like TIG/MIG with shielding gas, not basic arc welding.
Grease cannot be used as a lubricant for the lubrication of
A)
Front wheel bearings
B)
Input shaft
C)
Coolant pump
D)
Transmission
Grease is suitable for slow-speed or moderately loaded parts like wheel bearings and some pumps, but it is not suitable for high-speed rotating shafts that need continuous oil circulation. The input shaft of a gearbox/transmission operates at high speed and needs oil lubrication, not grease. Hence, grease cannot be used for the lubrication of the input shaft. Front wheel bearings and coolant pump bearings may use grease, and transmission systems generally use gear oil.
The basic philosophy of quality control is
A)
Frequent inspection
B)
Both preventive & remedial
C)
Only preventive
D)
None of these
Quality control is not limited to checking defects after they occur. Its basic philosophy includes both preventive action (to avoid defects) and remedial action (to detect and correct defects if they occur). Hence, the best answer is 'Both preventive & remedial.' Frequent inspection is only a method, not the philosophy itself, and 'Only preventive' is incomplete.
Which of the following is/are not included in examples of machine element that employ friction for transfer of energy
A)
Belts
B)
Brakes
C)
Clutches
D)
Fuel tank
Machine elements that employ friction for transfer of energy include belts, brakes, and clutches. Belts transmit power by friction between the belt and pulley; brakes use friction to stop or control motion; clutches use friction to connect or disconnect rotating shafts. A fuel tank is not a machine element for friction-based energy transfer, so it is the correct choice.
The permissible maximum value of operating temperature for metal on metal material for the Brake is
A)
300°F
B)
400°F
C)
500°F
D)
600°F
For brake lining/friction materials, the permissible maximum operating temperature for metal-on-metal contact is typically taken as 400°F. Above this, friction characteristics deteriorate and wear increases rapidly. Hence, among the given options, 400°F is correct.
Which is not one of principal parts of capstan & turret lathe?
A)
Hexagonal turret
B)
Headstock
C)
Lathe bed
D)
Knee
A capstan/turret lathe has principal parts such as the headstock, lathe bed, and hexagonal turret (capstan head). The knee is a main part of a milling machine, not a capstan or turret lathe. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Things which are used to fasten the various parts of an assembly together are called
A)
Bolts and screws
B)
Springs
C)
Bearings
D)
None of these
Fastening elements are used to join or hold different parts of a machine or assembly together. Bolts and screws are standard fastening devices. Springs store and release energy, while bearings support rotating parts and reduce friction, so they are not primarily used for fastening.
The Equilibrium diagrams of alloys indicate the following
A)
Temperature at which the solid alloy will start melting & finish melting.
B)
Possible phase changes which will occur as the result of altering the composition or temperature.
C)
The percentage of increase of melting temperature of alloy
D)
Both (a) & (b)
Equilibrium (phase) diagrams of alloys show the phases present at different compositions and temperatures. They indicate the possible phase changes that occur when composition or temperature is altered, and also the temperatures at which a solid alloy begins to melt and finishes melting. Therefore, both (a) and (b) are correct. Option (c) is incorrect because equilibrium diagrams do not show the percentage increase of melting temperature.
The specification for the shapes, sizes and finishes are furnished to the shop by part drawings or manufacturing drawings. These specifications are often called
A)
Quality characteristics
B)
Standard measurements
C)
Engineering drawings
D)
None of these
Part drawings or manufacturing drawings provide the required shape, size, and finish specifications to the shop floor. Such technical specifications are commonly called engineering drawings. Option (a) is about product quality attributes, not drawing specifications; (b) is too narrow and does not cover finish/details; hence (c) is correct.
The stresses on the principal planes will be pure normal (tension or compression) and their values are called
A)
Principal stresses
B)
Safe stresses
C)
Shear stresses
D)
None of these
On principal planes, the shear stress is zero and only normal stress acts. These normal stresses, acting on the principal planes, are called principal stresses. Hence option (a) is correct. Safe stresses are allowable/design stresses, and shear stresses act tangentially rather than normally.
Which of the following does not form part of belts?
A)
Flat belt
B)
Chain
C)
Belt
D)
V-Belt
Belts are flexible power-transmission elements such as flat belts, V-belts, and round belts. A chain is not a belt; it is a separate power-transmission element used in chain drives. Therefore, among the options, 'Chain' does not form part of belts.
A clutch is
A)
A friction device which permits the connection and disconnection of shafts
B)
A device to reduce the speed
C)
A part of machine which supports the body
D)
None of these
A clutch is used to connect and disconnect the driving and driven shafts, usually by frictional contact. This allows power transmission to be engaged or disengaged as needed. Option (b) describes a speed reducer like a gear box or speed reducer, and option (c) refers to supporting elements such as bearings or frames, not a clutch.
Stresses which are normal to the plane on which they act are called
A)
Direct stresses
B)
Indirect stresses
C)
Proof stresses
D)
None of these
Stresses that act perpendicular (normal) to the plane on which they act are called direct stresses. These include tensile and compressive stresses. Shear stresses act tangentially, so option (a) is correct.
The ratio between lateral strain to longitudinal strain produced by a single stress is called
A)
Principal ratio
B)
Poisson’s ratio
C)
Bending ratio
D)
None of these
When a material is subjected to a single axial stress, it undergoes longitudinal strain in the direction of load and lateral strain perpendicular to it. The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain is called Poisson’s ratio. Therefore, option (b) is correct. The other options are not standard terms for this definition.
The machine element which provides a convenient means for transforming rotary motion into reciprocating motion is
A)
Spur gear
B)
Spring
C)
Cam
D)
None of these
A cam is a machine element used to convert rotary motion into reciprocating or oscillating motion of a follower. Spur gears transmit rotary motion between shafts, and springs store energy or absorb shock; they do not primarily transform rotary motion into reciprocating motion. Therefore, the correct answer is Cam.
The operation of removing trapped air from hydraulic braking system is known as
A)
Tapping
B)
Trapping
C)
Bleeding
D)
Pressurization
In a hydraulic braking system, any trapped air must be removed because air is compressible and reduces braking efficiency. The process of expelling this air from the brake lines is called bleeding. The other options are not correct: tapping and trapping are unrelated to brake maintenance, and pressurization refers to applying pressure, not removing air.