← Legal Metrology
Past Questions
In memory management, what is “compaction”?
A)
Reducing the size of a process
B)
Reallocating memory segments to different processes
C)
Combining fragmented free memory blocks into a contiguous block
D)
Decreasing the size of a page table
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'Decreasing the size of a page table' (Option D).
Which type of OS is designed to respond to external events within a specified time frame?
A)
Batch OS
B)
Real-time OS
C)
Interactive OS
D)
Time-sharing OS
In the context of Computer Science, B is the standard terminology/concept.
What is the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy of an object?
A)
Shallow copy copies the object’s data, while deep copy copies the object’s address
B)
Shallow copy copies the object’s address, while deep copy copies the object’s data
C)
Shallow copy copies object’s data only once, while deep copy copies the object’s data more than once
D)
Shallow copy and deep copy are the same thing
A shallow copy duplicates top-level data/references, while a deep copy duplicates the referenced object data as well.
What is a critical section in the context of concurrent processes?
A)
A part of memory with restricted access
B)
A section of code that must be executed atomically
C)
A process with high priority
D)
A part of the hard disk with critical data
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'A process with high priority' (Option C).
Which scheduling algorithm aims to minimize the turn around time of processes?
A)
Round Robin
B)
First-Come, First-Served
C)
Shortest Job Next
D)
Priority Scheduling
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'Shortest Job Next' (Option C).
What is the purpose of virtual memory in an OS?
A)
Reducing disk space usage
B)
Expanding address space
C)
Enhancing physical memory performance
D)
Increasing disk space usage
Virtual memory extends the apparent address space beyond available physical RAM by using secondary storage.
In the context of process scheduling, what is a “ready queue”?
A)
A queue for terminated processes
B)
A queue for processes waiting for I/O operations
C)
A queue for processes waiting to be executed
D)
A queue for processes that have completed execution
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'A queue for processes waiting to be executed' (Option C).
What does the term “deadlock” refer to in the context of operating systems?
A)
A process that is stuck in an infinite loop
B)
A process waiting for I/O
C)
A situation where processes are unable to proceed due to resource conflicts
D)
A process with a higher priority waiting for process with lower priority
Based on established principles in Basic Computer Knowledge, the correct and most clinically/technically appropriate choice is 'A process with a higher priority waiting for process with lower priority' (Option D).
Which of the following techniques always reads or write a large block of data, which contains several file records, from or to the I/O medium?
A)
Buffer of records
B)
Blocking of records
C)
Buffering and blocking of records
D)
None of the above
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'Buffering and blocking of records' (Option C).
___ member variables are initialized to zero when the first object of its class is created.
A)
Local
B)
Static
C)
Global
D)
External
Static data members are initialized once and retain class-wide storage.
What is “cache coherence” in cache memory organization?
A)
Storing frequently accessed data in cache
B)
Ensuring that data in different cache levels is synchronized
C)
Maintaining coherence between cache, memory and CPU
D)
Synchronizing the cache and main memory
In the context of Computer Science & Engineering, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'Synchronizing the cache and main memory' (Option D).
What is the order of destruction of objects when they go out of scope?
A)
In the order of their creation
B)
In reverse order of their creation
C)
In random order
D)
It depends on the compiler
Objects with automatic storage are destroyed in reverse order of construction (last created, first destroyed).
In OOP, what is “composition”?
A)
A technique for defining classes with only static members
B)
A design approach where a class contains objects of other classes as members
C)
A method for creating multiple objects from a single class
D)
A way to create objects with shared data members
Composition means a class contains/owns objects of other classes as members.
What is the purpose of the “protected” access specifier in C++?
A)
To make a class member inaccessible from outside the class
B)
To specify that a member should be accessible only within the same file
C)
To declare a member as static
D)
To allow derived classes to access the member
Protected members are accessible to the class itself and its derived classes.
Which type of inheritance allows a class to inherit from several base classes?
A)
Single inheritance
B)
Multiple inheritance
C)
Multilevel inheritance
D)
Hierarchical inheritance
Multiple inheritance means inheriting from more than one base class.
What does “system call interposition” refer to in operating system design?
A)
System call to perform memory allocation
B)
Terminating processes by performing system call
C)
Intercepting system calls to add or modify functionality
D)
Intercepting system calls to nullify the operation
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'Intercepting system calls to add or modify functionality' (Option C).
What is the primary role of a semaphore in synchronization?
A)
Preventing mutual exclusion
B)
Avoiding synchronization
C)
Ensuring mutual exclusion
D)
Handling memory operations
Based on established principles in Basic Computer Knowledge, the correct and most clinically/technically appropriate choice is 'Handling memory operations' (Option D).
What is a default constructor?
A)
A constructor that is automatically generated by the compiler
B)
A constructor that takes no parameters
C)
A constructor that creates objects with random values
D)
A constructor that is used to initialize objects
A default constructor is a constructor callable with no arguments.
Which feature of OOP helps in code reusability?
A)
Abstraction
B)
Polymorphism
C)
Encapsulation
D)
Inheritance
Inheritance lets derived classes reuse base-class properties and behavior.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a unary operator?
A)
++
B)
-
C)
*
D)
/
Division is binary in normal C/C++; ++, unary -, and dereference * can be unary operators.
What is a common method for deadlock detection in OS?
A)
Hold and Wait
B)
Resource allocation graph
C)
Increasing resource allocation
D)
Mutual exclusion
A resource-allocation graph is a standard tool for detecting deadlock cycles.
Which file organization method allows for direct access to any record based on a key?
A)
Sequential
B)
Indexed
C)
Hashed
D)
Linked
Hashed file organization applies a hash function to the key for direct and fast record access.
In the context of file systems, what is a “cluster” in file organization?
A)
A data structure that stores file metadata
B)
A table of file access permissions
C)
The smallest unit of disk space allocated to a file
D)
A cache for file data
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'A table of file access permissions' (Option B).
In the context of concurrent processes, what is a “race condition”?
A)
A condition where processes compete for CPU to finish execution
B)
A condition where two processes try to access shared data concurrently, leading to unpredictable results
C)
A condition where processes execute one after the other
D)
A condition where a process waits indefinitely for a resource
In the context of Basic Computer Knowledge, the most appropriate and technically accurate answer is 'A condition where a process waits indefinitely for a resource' (Option D).
What is the primary advantage of multiprogramming with fixed partitions?
A)
Efficient memory utilization
B)
Faster CPU processing
C)
Simplicity of implementation
D)
Better disk I/O performance
Based on established principles in Basic Computer Knowledge, the correct and most clinically/technically appropriate choice is 'Efficient memory utilization' (Option A).