MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements:
(i) Pasal\ha Khuangchera is not only known for his bravery but also his strength and righteousness that won over the hearts of the people.
(ii) He was killed while trying to resist the advancing British troops in 1890, which marked the British conquest of the Lushai Hills.
(iii) He is known as the first Mizo freedom fighter to have sacrificed his life, after Lalnu Ropuiliani, fighting British imperialism.
(iv) The region (New Mizoram) was formally incorporated into the British Empire in 1895.
Which of the following is/are correct?
A)
(i), (ii) & (iii) only
B)
(i), (ii) & (iv) only
C)
(i), (iii) & (iv) only
D)
(i), (ii), (iii) & (iv)
Let's analyze each statement based on Mizo historical records:
(i) Pasal Khuangchera is celebrated in Mizo history not just as a warrior of immense physical strength and bravery, but as a man of integrity and righteousness, which earned him widespread respect among the people. This statement is correct.
(ii) During the British expeditions to the Lushai Hills (specifically the Chin-Lushai Expedition), Pasal Khuangchera fought valiantly against the British forces. He was killed in action around 1890 during the resistance against the advancing British troops, which was a pivotal moment leading to the consolidation of British control. This statement is correct.
(iii) In the chronology of Mizo resistance, Lalnu Ropuiliani is often cited as one of the earliest to resist, and Pasal Khuangchera is recognized as one of the first prominent freedom fighters to sacrifice his life in the struggle against British imperialism. This statement is correct.
(iv) While the military expeditions occurred in the late 1880s and early 1890s, the formal administrative incorporation and the establishment of the Lushai Hills District under British rule were finalized by 1895. This statement is correct.
Since all four statements are historically accurate, the correct option is (d).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements:
(i) Kawngpui Siam is performed to get luck in hunting.
(ii) Fano Dawi is performed to ensure good crops.
(iii) Mitthirawp Lam is a feast and dance in honour of the spirits of a man’s ancestors.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) and (iii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
Let's analyze each statement based on traditional Mizo cultural practices and rituals:
(i) Kawngpui Siam: This is a traditional ritual performed by hunters. The term literally refers to 'making a big path' or clearing the way, and it is performed specifically to seek luck and success in hunting expeditions.
(ii) Fano Dawi: This is a traditional ritual associated with agriculture. It is performed to ensure a bountiful harvest and to protect the crops from pests or natural calamities, thereby ensuring food security for the village.
(iii) Mitthirawp Lam: This is a significant ritual dance and feast. It is performed in honor of the spirits of deceased ancestors (specifically the 'Mitthi' or the dead), intended to appease them and seek their blessings for the living descendants.
Since all three statements accurately describe traditional Mizo rituals and their purposes, the correct option is (d).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The introduction of motion of “No confidence” requires the minimal support of:
A)
35 members of the Lok Sabha
B)
40 members of the Rajya Sabha
C)
50 members of the Lok Sabha
D)
60 members of both houses of the Parliament
Under Rule 198 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha, a motion of No Confidence requires the support of at least 50 members of the Lok Sabha to be admitted.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
An example of ex-situ conservation is-
A)
Sacred grove
B)
National park
C)
Seed bank
D)
Wildlife sanctuary
Ex-situ conservation involves protecting species outside their natural habitats. Seed banks, botanical gardens, and zoos are examples.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following channels:
(i) 8° channel passes between Maldives and Minicoy.
(ii) 9° channel separates Minicoy from Lakshadweep.
(iii) 10° channel separates Andaman from Nicobar Islands.
Which of the above statement(s) is/ are correct?
A)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
B)
(i) and (ii) only
C)
(iii) only
D)
(ii) and (iii) only
All these channel descriptions are geographically correct regarding the borders of the island groups.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following statements are correct in respect of the three Round Table Conferences held during 1930-1932?
(i) Indian National Congress boycotted two of the three Round Table Conferences.
(ii) Mahatma Gandhi attended the First Round Table Conference.
(iii) Sarojini Naidu participated in the Second Round Table Conference.
Select the answer using the code given below.
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) and (iii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
INC boycotted the First and Third RTCs (i is true). Mahatma Gandhi did not attend the First RTC (ii is false). Sarojini Naidu participated in the Second RTC as a representative of Indian women (iii is true). Thus, (i) and (iii) only are correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Substantive Public Policies are those which-
(i) Plan to get things done.
(ii) Allocate resources/services to particular segments of larger society.
(iii) Directly distribute benefits or costs to citizens.
(iv) Impose restrictions on behaviours.
Which of the following is/are correct?
A)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
B)
(iii) only
C)
(ii) and (iii)
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
In public administration and policy analysis, substantive policies formulate plans and programs to accomplish objectives, allocate resources and services, directly distribute benefits or costs, and impose behavioral regulations. Thus, statements (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) are all correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Who among the following Britishers was associated with the introduction of the Mahalwari system?
A)
Robert Reid
B)
R.M. Bird
C)
John Lawrence
D)
William Carey
Robert Merttins Bird (R.M. Bird), widely known as the 'Father of land settlements in Northern India', designed and executed the revised Mahalwari revenue system introduced under Regulation IX of 1833.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following statements is correct about the ‘Golden Dome’ missile defence system announced by the US in May 2025?
A)
The project aims to counter only cruise missile threats from Iran and North Korea.
B)
It is a $175 billion project led by US Space Force and includes private companies like SpaceX and Palantir.
C)
The system is inspired by Russia’s S-400 and will be built entirely by the US military.
D)
It is a joint project between the US and Israel to protect Europe from missile threats.
The 'Golden Dome' is a massive $175 billion missile defense initiative announced by the US in May 2025. It is led by the US Space Force and leverages a public-private partnership, integrating advanced technology from private sector leaders such as SpaceX (for launch and satellite capabilities) and Palantir (for AI-driven data analytics and targeting).
Incorrect options:
- Option (a) is incorrect because the system is designed to counter a wide spectrum of threats, including hypersonic missiles and ICBMs, not just cruise missiles.
- Option (c) is incorrect because the system is an indigenous US strategic initiative based on modern AI and space-based sensors, not a derivative of the Russian S-400.
- Option (d) is incorrect because while the US maintains defense ties with Israel, the 'Golden Dome' is a US-led strategic project focused on global and domestic US security architecture rather than a joint US-Israel project specifically for Europe.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following statements is/are true of ‘Earth Hour’?
(i) It is an initiative of the United Nations Environment Programme.
(ii) Participants switch off the lights for one hour on a certain day every year.
(iii) The aim is to raise awareness on climate change and need for energy convention.
(iv) It is observed only in India
A)
(i) only
B)
(i) and (ii) only
C)
(ii) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), not UNEP (making statement i false), and is celebrated globally in over 190 countries, not just India (making statement iv false). Statements (ii) and (iii) correctly describe the light turn-off event and its environmental awareness objectives.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
In the context of the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) monetary policy operations, a sustained period of increasing Repo Rate is generally expected to have which of the following effects on the Indian economy?
(i) Dampen demand-pull inflation by increasing the cost of borrowing and investment.
(ii) Reduce the net interest margin (NIM) of commercial banks that rely heavily on deposits for funding.
(iii) Lead to an appreciation of the Indian Rupee against major global currencies.
(iv) Encourage a shift in household savings from market-linked instruments to bank fixed deposits.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(i) and (iv) only
C)
(i), (iii) and (iv) only
D)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
A sustained increase in the Repo Rate increases borrowing costs to dampen demand-pull inflation (i), attracts capital inflows that support currency appreciation (iii), and elevates fixed deposit returns prompting household savings into bank deposits (iv). It does not compress bank NIM as lending rates reprice faster than deposit costs. Thus, statements (i), (iii), and (iv) are correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Where did Muhammad Bin Tughluq die?
A)
Doad
B)
Kaithal
C)
Jaunpur
D)
Thatta
Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq died in 1351 near Thatta in Sindh while campaigning to suppress the rebellion of Taghi.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements regarding the new railway line in Mizoram:
(i) It connects Bairabi with Sairang.
(ii) The total length of the new railway line is 101 kms.
(iii) The project is divided into four sections – Bairabi-Hortoki, Hortoki-Kawnpui, Kawnpui-Mualkhang, and Mualkhang-Sairang.
(iv) The Commission of Railway Safety (CRS) has recently approved the opening of the railway line from Hortoki to Sairang in Mizoram.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A)
(i), (ii) and (iii) only
B)
(ii), (iii) and (iv) only
C)
(i), (iii) and (iv) only
D)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Statements (i), (iii), and (iv) are correct. The Bairabi–Sairang broad-gauge railway spans 51.38 km (making statement ii incorrect) across four sections: Bairabi-Hortoki, Hortoki-Kawnpui, Kawnpui-Mualkhang, and Mualkhang-Sairang, with safety clearance granted by the CRS.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following organisms-
(i) Bat
(ii) Bee
(iii) Bird
Which of the above is/are pollinating agent/agents?
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
Bats, bees, and birds all serve as agents of pollination in various plant species.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which one of the following fruits is parthenocarpic?
A)
Banana
B)
Jackfruit
C)
Apple
D)
Brinjal
Parthenocarpy is the process of fruit development without the fertilization of ovules, resulting in seedless fruits.
1. **Banana (Option a):** Commercial bananas are classic examples of parthenocarpic fruits. They develop from the ovary without fertilization, which is why they do not contain viable seeds.
2. **Jackfruit (Option b):** These are multiple fruits developed from an entire inflorescence and typically contain seeds.
3. **Apple (Option c):** Apples are 'false fruits' (pomes) where the edible part is derived from the thalamus, but they are not parthenocarpic as they contain seeds resulting from fertilization.
4. **Brinjal (Option d):** Brinjals (eggplants) are true berries that develop after fertilization and contain numerous seeds.
Therefore, the banana is the correct answer as it is a seedless fruit produced via parthenocarpy.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
‘Churning poor’ in the context of poverty refers to:
A)
Individuals who frequently move in and out of poverty due to vulnerable livelihoods.
B)
Individuals who are always below the poverty line and depend entirely on government assistance.
C)
Individuals that have recently escaped poverty and are unlikely to fall back.
D)
Urban homeless populations with no formal identity or income records.
In poverty economics and NCERT classification of transient poverty, 'churning poor' refers to individuals who regularly move in and out of poverty (such as small farmers and seasonal workers) due to fluctuating incomes and vulnerable livelihoods.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements:
(i) Fathang is the due payable to a Chief by each household or family in kind or cash.
(ii) Sachhiah is the due payable to a Chief by anyone who shoots or traps a wild animal.
(iii) Ramhual are the people who advise a Chief where fish should be caught.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) and (iii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
In traditional Mizo society, Fathang was the agricultural paddy tax paid to the chief and Sachhiah was the meat tribute from hunting. Ramhual were agricultural experts who advised the chief on jhum land selection, not fishing locations.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Who was assigned to cure sickness and procure medicine in a traditional village?
A)
Sadawt
B)
Bawlpu
C)
Khawnbawl
D)
Fathang
In traditional Mizo society, the Bawlpu (or Puithiam) was the village priest and healer responsible for curing illnesses, offering sacrifices (bawl) to spirits, and providing medicines.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following is/are not true in connection with the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development?
(i) It was held in Stockholm, Sweden.
(ii) It was held in the year 1992.
(iii) The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was established.
(iv) It paved the way for similar conventions such as the Kyoto Protocol.
A)
(i) only
B)
(i) and (ii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i) and (iv) only
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Earth Summit, was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992 (not Stockholm, Sweden, which hosted UNCHE in 1972). Thus, statement (i) is the only statement that is not true.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
With reference to literary works during the Sultanate period, consider the following.
(i) Al Biruni : Kitab-ul-Hind
(ii) Firoz Shah : Taj-ul-Maathir
(iii) Ibn Battuta : Kitab-ul-Rehla
Which of the above pairs are correct?
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) and (iii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and and (iii)
Al Biruni wrote Kitab-ul-Hind, and Ibn Battuta wrote Kitab-ul-Rehla. Taj-ul-Maathir was authored by Hasan Nizami, not Firoz Shah.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The word Lushai was altered to Mizo with effect from 1.9.1954 by an Act of Parliament No ______ of 1954.
A)
15
B)
16
C)
17
D)
18
The Lushai Hills District (Change of Name) Act, 1954 is Act No. 18 of 1954.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The price for a wife, paid to the bride’s nearest male relative on the father’s side is-
A)
Manpui
B)
Pusum
C)
Palal
D)
Niman
In traditional Mizo culture, 'Manpui' is the primary bride price paid to the bride's kin.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
What is the core message of the United Nations Population Fund’s ‘State of World Population Report 2025’, titled “The Real Fertility Crisis: The Pursuit of Reproductive Agency in a Changing World”?
A)
Fertility rates are stabilizing globally, reducing the need for population-related policies.
B)
The world is heading toward overpopulation due to high fertility rates.
C)
The real crisis lies in individuals’ inability to achieve their reproductive goals due to lack of agency.
D)
The main challenge is population collapse due to declining birth rates.
The UNFPA State of World Population Report 2025 emphasizes that the true fertility crisis is neither underpopulation nor overpopulation, but the systemic barrier preventing individuals from freely realizing their reproductive intentions due to a lack of agency and autonomy.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Mizoram was recently (May 20, 2025) officially declared as India’s first fully literate state under the ULLAS initiative with literacy rate of
A)
99.2 %
B)
98.2 %
C)
100%
D)
97.2 %
On May 20, 2025, Mizoram was officially declared India's first fully literate state under the ULLAS (Understanding Lifelong Learning for All in Society) initiative, having achieved a record literacy rate of 98.2%.
MCSCCE • 2025 • General Studies-V
Discuss folk dances of Mizoram and highlight their cultural significance. What relevance do they hold today?
