MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
Describe the various types of rail sections generally used in Indian Railways.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
Describe the differences between PERT and CPM networks.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
A purely cohesive soil was tested by unconfined compression. The mean unconfined compression strength was obtained as 50 KN/m². Estimate the ultimate bearing capacity, utilizing Terzaghi’s concept. (Take 10 N = 1 Kg and Bearing capacity factor = 5.7 )
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
The bonding in a half brick wall is known as
A)
a Stretcher bond
B)
an English bond
C)
a Flemish bond
D)
a Dutch bond
A half-brick wall is only one brick thick in plan, so all bricks are laid with their length parallel to the wall face. This arrangement is called a stretcher bond. English and Flemish bonds are used for thicker walls, while Dutch bond is a variation of brick bond for special laying patterns, not the standard bond for a half-brick wall.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
Define the term ‘grade’ or ‘gradient’ of a road. Give a list of various terms normally used in order to categorise gradients of roads and explain any one of them.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
A masonry retaining wall, 6 m high, has vertical face on the earth side and retains earth which has level surface. The wall has top width of 1 m and bottom width 3 m. The weight of earth is 16 KN/m3 and angle of repose 30°. The weight of masonry is 22 KN /m3. Investigate the stability of the wall. Co-efficient of friction = 0.50.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
In chain surveying, perpendiculars to the chain line are set out by
A)
a theodolite
B)
a prismatic compass
C)
a level
D)
an optical square
In chain surveying, right angles (perpendiculars) to the chain line are commonly set out using an optical square. It is specifically designed to produce a 90° angle quickly and accurately in the field. A theodolite is more precise but is generally used in more advanced surveying, a prismatic compass measures bearings, and a level is used for determining differences in elevation, not perpendiculars.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
The Fore Bearing of a line AB in the Whole Circle Bearing System is 137°38'. What will be its Fore Bearing in the Quadrantal Bearing System?
A)
S 42°22' W
B)
S 47°38' E
C)
S 42°22' E
D)
S 47°38' W
In the Whole Circle Bearing (WCB) system, 137°38' lies between 90° and 180°, so the line is in the South-East quadrant and the Quadrantal Bearing (QB) is written as S (180° - WCB) E. However, for a bearing of 137°38', the angle from south is 180° - 137°38' = 42°22'. Since it lies in the second quadrant, the correct QB is S 42°22' E? Let's check carefully: WCB 90° to 180° corresponds to S θ E. But the given options include S 42°22' E. Therefore the correct conversion is S 42°22' E, not S 42°22' W. Hence option (c) is correct.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
The full width of land acquired before finalizing a highway is known as
A)
formation width
B)
right of way
C)
carriage way
D)
roadway
The full width of land acquired for a highway, including space for the road, side drains, embankments, slopes, and future widening, is called the right of way (ROW).
Why not the others?
- Formation width: width of the prepared road formation, not the full acquired land.
- Carriage way: the portion used by vehicles for traffic movement.
- Roadway: usually refers to the carriageway plus shoulders, but not the full acquired land.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
The liquid and plastic limits exist in
A)
sandy soils
B)
clayey soils
C)
silty soils
D)
all of these
The liquid limit and plastic limit are Atterberg limits, which are characteristic of fine-grained soils, especially clayey soils. These soils contain enough clay minerals and water adsorption to exhibit plasticity. Sandy soils do not show plastic or liquid behavior, and silts may show limited plasticity, but the standard and most distinct occurrence is in clayey soils. Therefore, the correct answer is clayey soils.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
What characteristics of contours must be kept in view while preparing or reading a contour map?
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
The main principle of surveying is to work from
A)
part to the whole
B)
whole to the part
C)
higher to the lower level
D)
lower to the higher level
The fundamental principle of surveying is to first establish accurate control points over a large area and then proceed to fill in details. This means surveying is done from the whole to the part, which helps prevent accumulation of errors. If we work from part to whole, small errors in each step can grow and affect the final result. So option (b) is correct.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
Define Tacheometry. List out the different systems of tacheometric survey with their sub-divisions. What is an anallactic lens?
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
For compaction of a 200 mm thick WMM layer to a degree of compaction as prescribed in MORTH specification, the most suitable machinery will be
A)
JCB Excavator
B)
Static roller
C)
Vibratory roller
D)
Pneumatic tyre roller
Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) is a well-graded crushed aggregate layer, typically compacted in layers of about 200 mm thickness. For achieving the required degree of compaction as per MoRTH specifications, a vibratory roller is the most suitable because it provides effective densification of granular materials to the full depth of the layer.
Why not the others?
- JCB excavator: used for excavation/loading, not compaction.
- Static roller: less effective for dense granular layers like WMM compared with vibration compaction.
- Pneumatic tyre roller: useful for sealing and kneading action, but vibratory roller is preferred for WMM compaction.
Hence, the correct answer is Vibratory roller.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
Which of the following items of work is not included in the plinth area estimate?
A)
Wall thickness
B)
Water Closet area
C)
Courtyard area
D)
Verandah area
In a plinth area estimate, the covered built-up area measured at floor level is taken. It includes wall thickness and covered spaces like verandahs and water closet areas if they are part of the building. An open courtyard is not covered space, so it is excluded from the plinth area.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
The distance travelled by a moving vehicle during perception and brake reaction time is known as
A)
sight distance
B)
lag distance
C)
stopping distance
D)
braking distance
The distance covered by a vehicle during the driver’s perception time and brake reaction time is called the lag distance. It is the part of stopping distance traveled before the brakes actually take effect. Sight distance is a broader term for the visible roadway ahead, stopping distance includes lag distance plus braking distance, and braking distance is only the distance traveled after the brakes are applied.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-III
A vertical projection is provided at the base in cantilever type retaining walls in order to increase resistance to sliding. This projection is known as
A)
quoin
B)
fillet
C)
key
D)
perpend
In a cantilever retaining wall, a vertical projection provided at the base to increase resistance against sliding is called a **shear key** or simply a **key**. It works by mobilizing passive earth pressure in front of the base and improving stability.
Why others are incorrect:
- **Quoin**: a corner or external angle in masonry/architecture, not a retaining wall base projection.
- **Fillet**: a small rounding or triangular filling at an internal corner.
- **Perpend**: mortar joint in masonry.
So the correct answer is **(c) key**.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
If requirements of net positive suction head (NPSH) for a given pump are not satisfied, the pump will
A)
consume more power
B)
get cavitated
C)
not develop head
D)
have a low efficiency
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) is the pressure head available at the pump suction above the vapour pressure head of the liquid. If the required NPSH is not satisfied, the pressure at the pump inlet falls below vapour pressure, bubbles form, and cavitation occurs. This can damage the pump and cause noise and vibration. Hence, the correct answer is (b) get cavitated. The other options are not the direct consequence of inadequate NPSH.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
The sludge does not contain waste water from
A)
bathrooms
B)
wash basins
C)
kitchen sinks
D)
toilets
Sludge is the settled solid/semi-solid material collected from wastewater treatment, and the question is asking which wastewater source is not included in sludge. Wastewater from bathrooms, wash basins, and kitchen sinks is generally considered greywater. Toilets produce blackwater containing fecal matter and urine, which is not referred to as sludge from these sources in this context. Therefore, the correct answer is toilets.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
Which of the following turbines is suitable for specific speed ranging from 300 to 1000 and heads below 30 m?
A)
Francis
B)
Propeller
C)
Pelton wheel
D)
Kaplan
Turbines are selected based on specific speed and head. For low heads below about 30 m and high specific speed in the range of 300 to 1000, a propeller turbine is suitable. Pelton wheel is used for high heads and low specific speed, Francis is for medium head and medium specific speed, and Kaplan is also a low-head turbine but is generally associated with very high specific speed values beyond this range.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
For standing crops in undulating sandy fields, the best method of irrigation is
A)
sprinkler irrigation method
B)
furrow method
C)
free flowing method
D)
check method
For standing crops in undulating sandy fields, sprinkler irrigation is best because it can apply water uniformly over uneven land and sandy soil without causing excessive runoff or deep percolation losses. Furrow, free-flowing, and check methods are more suitable for level fields and generally require smoother land conditions. Hence, the correct answer is sprinkler irrigation method.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
The maximum velocity in a circular pipe when flow is laminar occurs at
A)
the top of the pipe
B)
the bottom of the pipe
C)
the centre of the pipe
D)
none of these
In laminar flow through a circular pipe, the velocity distribution is parabolic due to the no-slip condition at the wall. The fluid velocity is zero at the pipe wall and increases gradually toward the middle, where it becomes maximum. Hence, the maximum velocity occurs at the centre of the pipe. The top or bottom are not relevant in a circular pipe.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
A pitot tube is used for measuring
A)
pressure of flow
B)
velocity of flow
C)
flow rate
D)
total energy
A Pitot tube measures the velocity of a moving fluid by comparing the stagnation pressure at the tube opening with the static pressure of the flow. Using Bernoulli’s principle, this pressure difference is converted into flow velocity. It does not directly measure flow rate or total energy.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
Specific speed of a Pelton wheel turbine ranges from
A)
12 to 70
B)
80 to 400
C)
300 to 1000
D)
1000 to 1200
The specific speed of a Pelton wheel is low because it is an impulse turbine designed for high head and low discharge. Standard ranges are: Pelton wheel about 12–70, Francis turbine about 80–400, and Kaplan turbine about 300–1000 (sometimes slightly higher). Therefore, the correct range for a Pelton wheel is 12 to 70. The other options correspond to Francis or Kaplan-type turbines, not Pelton.
MES Jr. Grade • 2016 • Paper-II
Rain simulators are used for the determination of
A)
infiltration capacity
B)
evaporation
C)
run off
D)
precipitation
Rain simulators (rainfall simulators) are used to apply a controlled artificial rainfall over a soil surface and study how much water enters the soil. This helps determine the infiltration capacity. They are not primarily used to measure evaporation, runoff directly, or natural precipitation.
