← MES Jr. Grade
Past Questions
Scheduling gives information about
A)
when work should start and how much work should be completed in a certain period
B)
when work should completed
C)
how idle-time can be minimized
D)
proper utilization of machines
Scheduling in industrial engineering determines the timing of jobs and the amount of work to be done in a given period. It tells when work should start and how much should be completed within a specified time. Option (b) is incomplete, while (c) and (d) are more related to objectives of scheduling or production control, not its direct definition.
Which of the following elements does not impart hardness to steel?
A)
copper
B)
chromium
C)
nickel
D)
silicon
Hardness in steel is generally increased by alloying elements such as chromium, nickel, and silicon, which improve strength and wear resistance. Copper is not a typical hardening element for steel; it is mainly added to improve corrosion resistance and atmospheric durability. Therefore, copper does not impart hardness to steel.
Which one of the following is not an attribute of the control chart?
A)
P chart
B)
R chart
C)
C chart
D)
np chart
Control charts commonly used in statistical quality control include the P chart, np chart, and R chart. A P chart is for fraction defective, an np chart is for number of defectives, and an R chart is for range. A C chart is used for counting defects per unit, but it is not usually listed as an attribute chart in the same sense as P and np charts; the question asks for the one that is not an attribute of the control chart, so the intended answer is C chart.
Drawing out is a forging operation used to
A)
reduce the cross section of a part
B)
increase the cross section of a part
C)
finish the part
D)
flatten the part
Drawing out is a forging process in which the length of the workpiece is increased by reducing its cross-sectional area. Hence, it is used to reduce the cross section of a part. Option (b) is the opposite of drawing out, option (c) is too general, and option (d) refers to flattening/upsetting-related operations, not drawing out.
Which one of the following micro constituents has maximum hardness?
A)
Austenite
B)
Pearlite
C)
Sorbite
D)
Cementite
Cementite (Fe3C) is the hardest among the listed micro-constituents. It is a very hard and brittle iron carbide phase. Austenite is relatively soft and ductile, pearlite has intermediate hardness, and sorbite is finer pearlite/tempered structure with hardness lower than cementite.
Product layout is employed for
A)
batch production
B)
continuous production
C)
effective utilization of machine
D)
none of these
A product layout arranges machines and workstations according to the sequence of operations required for a product. This is best suited for continuous or mass production, where the same product is made repeatedly in large quantities. Batch production usually uses process layout or a combination layout. Effective utilization of machines is not the primary defining feature of product layout.
Which one of the following is the cause of tool failure?
A)
excessive temperature
B)
excessive stress
C)
flank wear
D)
all of these
Tool failure in machining can be caused by excessive temperature, excessive stress, and flank wear. High temperature weakens the cutting tool, excessive stress can lead to fracture or chipping, and flank wear is a common wear mechanism that eventually makes the tool unusable. Therefore, all the listed factors are causes of tool failure.
Hot-chamber die-casting process is used for
A)
Aluminium
B)
Zinc
C)
Cast iron
D)
Steel
Hot-chamber die-casting is used for low-melting-point, non-ferrous metals that do not attack the machine components. Zinc is the standard material for hot-chamber die casting. Aluminium is generally cast by the cold-chamber process because its higher melting temperature would damage the submerged injection system. Cast iron and steel have much higher melting points and are not suitable for die casting.
Which of the following is the most ductile material?
A)
mild steel
B)
copper
C)
zinc
D)
aluminium
Ductility is the ability of a material to be drawn into thin wires. Among the given options, copper is the most ductile. Mild steel and aluminium are ductile too, but less so than copper in general exam context. Zinc is comparatively brittle at room temperature, so it is not the most ductile.
PERT is a network analysis mainly based on
A)
event oriented
B)
activity oriented
C)
process oriented
D)
none of these
PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is primarily an event-oriented network analysis method. In PERT, the focus is on milestones or events marking the start or completion of activities, rather than on the activities themselves. By contrast, CPM is more activity-oriented. Therefore, the correct answer is event oriented.
The number of nearest neighboring atoms in Face-centred cubic (FCC) crystal is
A)
six
B)
eight
C)
twelve
D)
none of these
In a face-centred cubic (FCC) crystal, each atom has 12 nearest neighbours: 4 in the same layer, 4 in the layer above, and 4 in the layer below. Therefore, the coordination number of FCC is 12. Options (a) 6 and (b) 8 are incorrect because they correspond to other crystal structures, not FCC.
The probability distribution of project completion time in PERT is
A)
Gaussian
B)
gamma
C)
beta
D)
binomial
In PERT, the project completion time is assumed to follow a beta distribution because activity times are uncertain and bounded between optimistic and pessimistic estimates. The beta distribution is flexible and suitable for modeling such skewed time estimates. Gaussian is not used in standard PERT assumptions, binomial is for discrete trials, and gamma is not the classical PERT distribution.
The size of order which minimizes total cost of carrying and cost of ordering is called
A)
minimum order quantity
B)
economic order quantity
C)
safety order quantity
D)
re-order quantity
The order size that minimizes the total of ordering cost and carrying/holding cost is called the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). It is the standard inventory management term for the optimal purchase quantity.
Why others are incorrect:
- (a) Minimum order quantity: refers to the least quantity that can be ordered, not the cost-minimizing quantity.
- (c) Safety order quantity: not a standard term for optimal inventory size; safety stock is extra inventory kept to avoid stockouts.
- (d) Re-order quantity: refers to the level at which a new order is placed, not the optimal order size.
The flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) is most suitable for a production system that falls under
A)
mass type
B)
batch type
C)
job type
D)
all of these
Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) are designed for medium-volume, medium-variety production where products are made in batches and changeovers must be quick. They are not most suitable for mass production, which uses dedicated lines, nor for pure job production, which is highly customized and low volume. Hence, the correct answer is batch type.
The total cost of manufacturing a product is reduced due to
A)
standardization
B)
diversification
C)
simplification
D)
sophistication
In industrial engineering, simplification means reducing the variety of parts, methods, and operations. This lowers material handling, inventory, setup time, and production complexity, thereby reducing total manufacturing cost. Standardization also helps reduce cost, but the most direct answer to this question is simplification. Diversification and sophistication generally increase complexity and cost.
Delta iron occurs at temperature of
A)
room temperature
B)
above melting point
C)
between 14000C and 15390C
D)
between 9100C and 14000C
Delta iron (δ-iron) is the high-temperature allotrope of iron. It exists from about 1394°C up to the melting point of iron at 1538–1539°C. Therefore, the correct option is (c) between 1400°C and 1539°C. Options (a) and (d) correspond to room temperature and the γ-iron range respectively, while (b) is incorrect because delta iron exists below the melting point, not above it.
Which one of the following is not a queing theory model?
A)
orders waiting to be processed
B)
machines waiting to be repaired
C)
machines in an assembly line to be operated
D)
batch of finished products waiting to be transported
Queuing theory deals with situations where customers/jobs wait for service, such as orders waiting to be processed, machines waiting to be repaired, or finished products waiting to be transported. In an assembly line, machines are generally part of a production sequence rather than a waiting-line system, so this is not a typical queuing theory model.
The material used for coating the electrode is called
A)
flux
B)
slag
C)
protective layer
D)
deoxidizer
In arc welding, the electrode is coated with a material called flux. This coating helps stabilize the arc, protects the molten metal from atmospheric contamination, and forms slag to cover the weld pool. Slag is the by-product formed from the flux, not the coating itself. 'Protective layer' is a general description, and 'deoxidizer' is only one possible function of some coating ingredients, not the name of the coating.
Graphical method, simplex method and transposition method are concerned with
A)
break-even analysis
B)
value analysis
C)
linear programming
D)
inventory control
Graphical method, simplex method, and transposition method are all standard techniques used to solve linear programming problems. The graphical method is used for two-variable LP problems, the simplex method is the general iterative optimization method, and the transposition method is another LP-solving approach. The other options are unrelated: break-even analysis deals with cost-volume-profit relationships, value analysis with improving value of products/services, and inventory control with stock management.
Statistical quality control techniques are based on the theory of
A)
quality
B)
statistics
C)
probability
D)
all of these
Statistical Quality Control (SQC) uses statistical methods to monitor and control quality, and its control charts and acceptance sampling are fundamentally based on the theory of probability. Statistics provides the tools for analysis, but the underlying basis is probability. Hence, the correct option is (c) probability.
A flow diagram drawn to scale must be given with
A)
outline process charts
B)
flow process charts
C)
multiple activity chart
D)
SIMO chart
A flow diagram drawn to scale is associated with a flow process chart, because it shows the movement of materials or workers on a scaled layout. Outline process charts do not require a scale drawing, multiple activity charts show simultaneous activities of more than one resource, and SIMO charts are used for micro-motion study.
Consumable electrode for manual metal arc welding of steel is made of
A)
tungsten
B)
steel
C)
copper
D)
cadmium copper
In manual metal arc welding (MMAW/SMAW), the electrode is a consumable coated metal rod. For welding steel, the core wire of the consumable electrode is made of steel. Tungsten is used in TIG welding as a non-consumable electrode, while copper and cadmium copper are not used as the consumable electrode material for MMAW of steel.
The tool life under oblique cutting in comparison to that of orthogonal cutting is
A)
same
B)
less
C)
more
D)
none of these
In oblique cutting, the cutting edge is inclined and chip flow is smoother, so the cutting action is less severe than in orthogonal cutting. This generally reduces cutting temperature and tool wear, giving a longer tool life. Hence, tool life under oblique cutting is more than under orthogonal cutting.
An optimum project schedule implies
A)
optimum utilization of men, machines and materials
B)
lowest possible cost and shortest possible time for project
C)
timely execution of project
D)
to produce best results
An optimum project schedule is one that achieves the best balance between time and cost, i.e., completing the project in the shortest possible time at the lowest possible cost. This is the standard objective in project scheduling and crashing analysis. Option (a) is related to resource utilization, but it is not the definition of an optimum schedule. Option (c) is too general, and option (d) is vague.
Time required for non conventional machining in comparison to the conventional machining is
A)
less
B)
equal
C)
more
D)
unpredictable
Non-conventional machining processes generally remove material at a slower rate than conventional machining. They are used for hard, brittle, or complex materials where conventional tools may not work well, so the machining time is usually higher. Hence, the time required is more.