← MES Jr. Grade
Past Questions
How many mega cities are there in India?
A)
Three
B)
Four
C)
Five
D)
Six
The correct answer is **Five**. In standard Indian geography/civil service exam context, India is commonly said to have **5 megacities**: **Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, and Bengaluru** (based on the usual population threshold used in such questions). Therefore, option **c** is correct.
Why the others are incorrect:
- **a) Three** — too low; India has more than three megacities.
- **b) Four** — also incorrect; the commonly accepted count is five.
- **d) Six** — too high for the standard exam answer.
So, the correct option is **c) Five**.
Which company is the largest company in India in terms of market capitalisation?
A)
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
B)
HDFC
C)
Reliance Industries Limited
D)
ITC Limited
Reliance Industries Limited is the largest company in India by market capitalisation among the given options. It has consistently ranked at or near the top of Indian listed companies in terms of total market value. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), HDFC, and ITC are all large companies, but their market capitalisation is generally lower than Reliance Industries. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
In a certain language HAPPY is written as 51223 then how PAHPY will be written in the same code?
A)
21253
B)
21235
C)
21523
D)
52123
In the code for HAPPY → 51223, each letter is replaced by its position in the word, but the repeated letters are kept in the same relative order: H=5, A=1, P=2, P=2, Y=3. So for PAHPY, the letters map as P=2, A=1, H=5, P=2, Y=3, giving 21523. Hence option c is correct. The other options are incorrect because they either place the digits in the wrong order or change the code pattern: 52123 (d) swaps H and A, 21235 (b) puts Y at the end incorrectly, and 21253 (a) misplaces H and Y.
Which Indian article contains the money Bill?
A)
Article 202
B)
Article 112
C)
Artcle 123
D)
Article 110
Article 110 of the Indian Constitution defines a Money Bill and lists the matters it may contain. Therefore, option d is correct. Article 112 deals with the Annual Financial Statement (Union Budget), Article 202 deals with the State Budget, and Article 123 deals with the President’s ordinance-making power, so these are not the provision for Money Bills.
In a pressure cooker, cooking is faster because the increase in vapor pressure
A)
Increases the specific heat
B)
Increases the boiling point
C)
Decreases the boiling point
D)
Decreases the specific heat
In a pressure cooker, the pressure above the water is increased, so the boiling point of water rises. Because the water and steam can reach a temperature higher than 100°C before boiling, food cooks at a higher temperature and therefore faster. Option (b) is correct.
Why the others are wrong: (c) is opposite of what happens—the boiling point increases, not decreases. (a) and (d) are incorrect because specific heat is not the reason cooking becomes faster in a pressure cooker; the key effect is the rise in boiling point due to increased pressure.
When do we observe Engineering day in India?
A)
September 11
B)
September 13
C)
September 15
D)
September 21
Engineering Day in India is observed on September 15 in honor of Sir M. Visvesvaraya, whose birthday falls on that date. Therefore, the correct option is not among the listed dates if the question intends India’s Engineering Day; however, in standard exam context, Engineering Day is commonly associated with September 15. The other dates are incorrect because September 11, September 13, and September 21 are not recognized as Engineering Day in India.
Which one among the following radiations carries maximum energy?
A)
X-Rays
B)
Infra-red Rays
C)
Ultra-violet Rays
D)
Gamma Rays
Gamma rays carry the maximum energy among the given radiations because electromagnetic wave energy is directly proportional to frequency (E = h\nu) and inversely proportional to wavelength. Gamma rays have the highest frequency and shortest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum, so they have the greatest energy. Infra-red rays have much lower frequency and energy than visible/UV/X-rays. Ultra-violet rays have more energy than visible light but less than X-rays and gamma rays. X-rays are high-energy, but gamma rays are still higher in frequency and energy than X-rays.
The first Mizo recipient of Padma Bhushan, the third highest Civilian Award in India is
A)
RL Thanmawia
B)
A Sawihlira
C)
Capt. LZ Sailo
D)
Lalzuia Colney
Capt. LZ Sailo is the first Mizo recipient of the Padma Bhushan, India’s third-highest civilian award. He is widely recognized for this distinction in Mizoram’s public and historical records. The other options are incorrect because A Sawihlira, RL Thanmawia, and Lalzuia Colney are not known as the first Mizo awardee of the Padma Bhushan.
Which one of the following ecosystem covers the largest area of the Earth’s surface?
A)
Desert ecosystem
B)
Grasslands ecosystem
C)
Marine ecosystem
D)
Mountain ecosystem
Marine ecosystem is correct because oceans and seas cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface, making it the largest ecosystem by area. Desert, grassland, and mountain ecosystems occupy much smaller portions of the planet’s surface. Deserts are extensive but still far less than the oceans; grasslands are limited to continental regions; and mountain ecosystems are confined to high-altitude areas.
Grasslands which do not support any trees are called?
A)
Lanos
B)
Campos
C)
Savanna
D)
Steppes
Steppes are temperate grasslands characterized by sparse rainfall and the absence of trees, so they are the correct answer. Savanna is a tropical grassland with scattered trees, while Lanos (Llanos) and Campos are also grassland regions that may have some tree cover or are not specifically defined as treeless grasslands.
When did India became a republic?
A)
26th January 1950
B)
26th November 1949
C)
24th January 1950
D)
15th August 1950
India became a republic on 26th January 1950, when the Constitution of India came into force and India adopted a republican form of government with an elected President as head of state. Option d (15th August 1950) is incorrect because 15th August 1947 is India’s Independence Day, not Republic Day. Option b (26th November 1949) is incorrect because that is the date the Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly, not the date it came into effect. Option c (24th January 1950) is incorrect because it was the date when the Constituent Assembly members signed the Constitution, not the republic day.
Which one of the following is also called Stranger gas?
A)
Argon
B)
Neon
C)
Nitrous Oxide
D)
Xenon
Xenon is also called the "stranger gas" because it was historically considered a rare, unusual constituent of the atmosphere and was difficult to detect. Among the noble gases, xenon is the one commonly associated with this nickname. Argon is known as an inert gas, neon is known for neon lighting, and nitrous oxide is not a noble gas at all; it is a compound gas used as an anesthetic and in whipped cream chargers.
Which one of the following is disease is caused by bacteria?
A)
Hepatitis- B
B)
Poliomyelitis
C)
Scabies
D)
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, so option d is correct. Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus (poliovirus), hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus, and scabies is caused by an infestation of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, not bacteria.
Which state has the highest Scheduled Castes population in India?
A)
Madhya pradesh
B)
Maharastra
C)
Uttar pradesh
D)
Punjab
Uttar Pradesh has the highest Scheduled Castes (SC) population in India in absolute numbers, so option (c) is correct. This is because Uttar Pradesh is India’s most populous state, and even though its SC percentage is not the highest, its large total population gives it the largest SC population count. Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra also have large SC populations, but they are lower than Uttar Pradesh. Punjab has a high SC proportion, but its total population is much smaller, so its SC population is not the highest.
The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) has announced a multi-year partnership with which of the following company as the official kit sponsor for the Indian Cricket Team
A)
Nike
B)
Adidas
C)
Levi’s
D)
Reliance-Jio
BCCI announced a multi-year partnership with Adidas as the official kit sponsor for the Indian Cricket Team, so option (b) is correct. Nike is incorrect because it was the previous kit sponsor, not the newly announced one. Reliance-Jio is a telecom company and Levi’s is an apparel brand, but neither was appointed as the official kit sponsor for the Indian Cricket Team in this announcement.
Which article of the Indian constitution contains Right to Education (RTE)?
A)
Article 20 A
B)
Article 21 A
C)
Article 14
D)
Article 17
Article 21A of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Education (RTE) for children aged 6 to 14 years. It was inserted by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002. Option (a) is incorrect because Article 20A does not exist in the Constitution. Option (c), Article 14, guarantees equality before the law, not education. Option (d), Article 17, abolishes untouchability, so it is unrelated to the Right to Education.
The Union minister in charge of Power, New and Renewable Energy is
A)
Ashwini Vaishnaw
B)
Pralhad Joshi
C)
Shri Raj Kumar Singh
D)
Arjun Munda
Shri Raj Kumar Singh is the Union Minister in charge of Power and New & Renewable Energy, so option (c) is correct. Ashwini Vaishnaw is associated with Railways, Communications, and Electronics & IT; Pralhad Joshi is the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs and Coal; and Arjun Munda is the Minister of Tribal Affairs. Hence, the other options are incorrect.
Who is the first law officer of the Government of India?
A)
Chief Justice of India
B)
Law minister
C)
Auditor General of India
D)
Attorney General of India
The first law officer of the Government of India is the Attorney General of India. The Attorney General is the highest law officer and the principal legal advisor to the Union Government under Article 76 of the Constitution.
Why the others are incorrect:
- Law minister: The Law Minister is a political executive and heads the Ministry of Law and Justice, but is not the first law officer.
- Auditor General of India: This is not a law officer; the correct constitutional post is the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), who audits government accounts.
- Chief Justice of India: The Chief Justice heads the judiciary, not the executive legal advisory system of the government.
National Income of a country is also known as:
A)
Gross National Product (GNP)
B)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
C)
Net National Product (NNP)
D)
Net Domestic Product (NDP)
National Income is commonly defined as the total income earned by the residents of a country from productive activities in one year, and in standard economics it is measured as Net National Product (NNP) at factor cost. Hence, option (c) is correct. GDP is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders, so it is not the same as national income. GNP measures output by a country’s residents regardless of location, but it is a gross measure and includes depreciation, so it is not the standard equivalent of national income. NDP is GDP minus depreciation, but it is still a domestic concept and not the same as national income.
Indian Currency is a legal tender in:
A)
Bangladesh
B)
Bhutan
C)
Pakistan
D)
Myanmar
Indian currency (the Indian Rupee) is legal tender in Bhutan, where it is widely accepted for transactions alongside the Bhutanese Ngultrum. The other options are incorrect because Indian currency is not legal tender in Bangladesh, Myanmar, or Pakistan; each of these countries uses its own national currency and does not officially accept the Indian Rupee as legal tender.
Who among the following is not appointed by the President of India?
A)
Comptroller and Auditor General of India
B)
Speaker of the Lok Sabha
C)
Attorney General of India
D)
Chief Election Commissioner
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is not appointed by the President of India; the Speaker is elected by the members of the Lok Sabha from among themselves. In contrast, the Chief Election Commissioner, the Attorney General of India, and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India are all appointed by the President under the Constitution. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
Borough Award is given for excellence in the field of:
A)
Education
B)
Space Science
C)
Literature
D)
Agriculture
The Borough Award is associated with excellence in the field of literature, so option (c) is correct. The other options are incorrect because the award is not known for agriculture, education, or space science; those fields are recognized by other specific awards and honors, not the Borough Award.
By which amendment of the constitution was the tenure of the Lok Sabha reduced to five years which was fixed as six years under the 42nd Amendment?
A)
43rd Amendment
B)
44th Amendment
C)
45th Amendment
D)
46th Amendment
The correct answer is **44th Amendment (option b)**. The **42nd Amendment Act, 1976** had extended the tenure of the Lok Sabha from **5 years to 6 years**. This was later reversed by the **44th Amendment Act, 1978**, which restored the original constitutional tenure of the Lok Sabha to **5 years**.
Why the others are incorrect:
- **43rd Amendment**: Did not deal with changing the tenure of the Lok Sabha.
- **45th Amendment**: Also unrelated to restoring Lok Sabha tenure.
- **46th Amendment**: Concerned mainly with taxation and sales tax-related matters, not Lok Sabha tenure.
Hence, the tenure was reduced back to five years by the **44th Amendment**.
Who has called the multipurpose river valley projects ‘the temples of modern India’?
A)
Indira Gandhi
B)
Narendra Modi
C)
Jawaharlal Nehru
D)
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Jawaharlal Nehru called the multipurpose river valley projects the "temples of modern India" because he saw large dams and irrigation projects as symbols of nation-building, industrial progress, and scientific development after independence. The other options are incorrect: Narendra Modi, Indira Gandhi, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee are not associated with coining this famous phrase.
Lipase converts fats into:
A)
Maltose
B)
Casein
C)
Peptides
D)
Fatty acids and glycerol
Lipase is the digestive enzyme that breaks down fats (lipids) into their simpler components: fatty acids and glycerol. Therefore, option d is correct. Option a is incorrect because maltose is produced from starch by amylase, not lipase. Option b is incorrect because casein is a milk protein, not a product of fat digestion. Option c is incorrect because peptides are formed when proteins are broken down by proteases, not by lipase.