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Past Questions — 2015
Usually no cutting fluid is needed in turning
A)
low carbon steel
B)
alloy steel
C)
aluminium
D)
cast iron
In turning, cutting fluid is usually not required for cast iron because graphite in cast iron provides a lubricating effect, and the chips are short and brittle. Also, using coolant can create abrasive slurry with cast iron dust. By contrast, low carbon steel and alloy steel generally benefit from cutting fluid, and aluminium often needs coolant/lubrication to improve surface finish and reduce built-up edge.
The cutting edges of a standard twist drill are called
A)
flutes
B)
lips
C)
wedges
D)
flanks
In a standard twist drill, the two main cutting edges are called the lips. The flutes are the helical grooves that help remove chips, while the flanks are the relieved surfaces behind the cutting edges. 'Wedges' is a general cutting-tool term, not the specific name of the drill cutting edges.
The depth of cut depends upon
A)
tool life
B)
power required
C)
type of cut required
D)
all of these
The depth of cut in machining is selected based on multiple factors: tool life, because heavier cuts increase tool wear; power required, because deeper cuts need more machine power; and the type of cut required, because roughing and finishing operations use different depths of cut. Therefore, all the given factors influence depth of cut.
Which of the following processes are heat treatment processes?
A)
normalizing
B)
annealing
C)
quenching
D)
all of these
Normalizing, annealing, and quenching are all heat treatment processes used to alter the microstructure and mechanical properties of metals. Annealing involves heating and slow cooling, normalizing involves heating and air cooling, and quenching involves rapid cooling after heating. Since all three are heat treatment processes, the correct answer is 'all of these'.
In four high rolling mill the bigger rollers are called
A)
guide rolls
B)
back up rolls
C)
main rolls
D)
support rolls
In a four-high rolling mill, the two small rolls are the working or main rolls that actually contact the metal, while the larger rolls are placed behind them to provide support and reduce deflection. These larger rolls are called back up rolls. Hence, option (b) is correct. Guide rolls are used for guiding the strip, and support rolls is a more general term, but the standard term in four-high mills is back up rolls.
Under economic order quantity (EOQ), the sum of cost of carrying and cost of ordering is
A)
maximum
B)
minimum
C)
constant
D)
none of these
In Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), the order size is chosen so that the total inventory cost is minimized. The two relevant components are ordering cost and carrying/holding cost. As order quantity increases, ordering cost decreases but carrying cost increases. At EOQ, these two costs balance each other, making their sum minimum. Therefore, the sum of cost of carrying and cost of ordering is minimum.
Which of the following is preferred for welding of non-ferrous metals by arc welding?
A)
A.C. low frequency
B)
A.C. high frequency
C)
D.C.
D)
all of these
For arc welding of non-ferrous metals, D.C. is generally preferred because it provides a more stable arc and better control of heat input. Non-ferrous metals often require smoother arc characteristics and less spatter. A.C. is less preferred due to arc instability, and the frequency options are not the standard preference here. Therefore, the correct answer is D.C.
The total number of atoms in body centred cubic (BCC) structure unit cell is
A)
1
B)
2
C)
3
D)
4
In a body-centred cubic (BCC) unit cell, there are 8 corner atoms, each contributing 1/8 to the unit cell, so total from corners = 8 × 1/8 = 1 atom. There is also 1 atom completely inside the cube at the body center, contributing 1 atom. Therefore, total atoms per BCC unit cell = 1 + 1 = 2. Hence, option (b) is correct. Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect because they do not match the standard atomic count of a BCC unit cell.
Which process is used for fine hole drilling and contour machining?
A)
EBM
B)
LBM
C)
ECM
D)
USM
Ultrasonic Machining (USM) is used for fine hole drilling and contour machining, especially in hard, brittle materials. In USM, abrasive slurry and ultrasonic vibrations remove material accurately with low thermal damage. EBM is mainly for micro-drilling using electron beam, LBM is for laser drilling/cutting, and ECM is used for contouring and shaping conductive materials but not specifically fine hole drilling in brittle materials.
Depreciation of machines is considered as
A)
direct expense
B)
indirect expense
C)
direct material cost
D)
indirect material cost
Depreciation on machines is treated as an overhead cost, because it cannot be traced directly to a specific unit of production. It is therefore classified as an indirect expense. It is not direct material cost, and it is not a direct expense because it does not relate directly to a single product or job.
A 3-jaw chuck is used in a lathe to clamp
A)
cylindrical work-piece to locate the axis of rotation
B)
eccentric work-piece to locate the axis of rotation
C)
square bar to locate the axis of rotation
D)
any type of work-piece to locate the axis of rotation
A 3-jaw self-centering chuck is mainly used for holding round or cylindrical workpieces. All three jaws move simultaneously, so the work is centered automatically and the axis of rotation is located at the center. It is not suitable for eccentric workpieces, and square bars are generally held in a 4-jaw chuck or special chuck.
Which of the following tool materials is the hardest?
A)
ceramic tool
B)
high speed tool
C)
carbide tool
D)
diamond tools
Among common cutting tool materials, diamond has the highest hardness. Ceramic tools are hard and wear-resistant, carbide tools are harder than high-speed steel, and high-speed tools are the least hard among these options. Therefore, diamond tools are the hardest.
There is no electrode consumption for which of the following processes?
A)
TIG welding
B)
gas welding
C)
laser welding
D)
arc welding
Electrode consumption means the electrode itself is melted and added to the weld pool. In laser welding, heat is produced by a laser beam, so no electrode is used at all, hence no electrode consumption. TIG welding uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode, so it also does not consume the electrode, but among the given options the standard answer expected is laser welding because it uses no electrode. Gas welding does not use an electrode, but it uses a filler rod if needed. Arc welding generally uses a consumable electrode, so electrode consumption occurs.
Hardness of steel depends on
A)
amount of carbon it contains
B)
the shape and distribution of the carbide in iron
C)
contents of alloying elements
D)
none of these
The hardness of steel mainly increases with the carbon content. Carbon strengthens steel by forming harder microstructures, so higher carbon generally means higher hardness. While carbide shape/distribution and alloying elements can also influence hardness, the most direct and standard answer in basic material science is the amount of carbon it contains. Hence, option (a) is correct.
Which of the following is the basic tool in work study?
A)
process chart
B)
stop watch
C)
bar chart
D)
activity chart
In work study, the basic tools are process charts used to record and analyze the sequence of operations, inspections, transports, delays, and storages in a job. A process chart is the fundamental recording tool for method study. A stop watch is mainly used in time study, while bar chart and activity chart are not the basic tools of work study.
Wax pattern is used in
A)
die casting
B)
investment casting
C)
shell moulding
D)
plaster moulds
Wax patterns are a key feature of investment casting (also called lost-wax casting). A wax model of the part is made first, coated with refractory material, and then the wax is melted out to leave a cavity for metal pouring. Die casting uses permanent metal dies, shell moulding uses resin-coated sand on a heated pattern, and plaster moulds use plaster, not wax patterns.
Gears are best mass produced by
A)
milling
B)
hobbing
C)
shaping
D)
casting
Gears are best mass produced by hobbing because it is a fast, continuous, and efficient gear-cutting process suitable for large-scale production. In hobbing, both the hob and gear blank rotate in a coordinated manner, allowing repeated accurate tooth generation with high productivity. Milling and shaping are slower and are generally used for smaller batches or special cases. Casting is not the preferred method for producing accurate gear teeth for general use.
The stepping stone method in transportation problem is used to find
A)
a basic solution
B)
a feasible solution
C)
the initial basic feasible solution
D)
the optimal solution
In a transportation problem, the stepping stone method is used after obtaining an initial basic feasible solution. It evaluates unused routes by checking the change in total cost and helps improve the current solution. This process is continued until no further cost reduction is possible, which gives the optimal solution. Hence, it is not used to find the initial or basic feasible solution.
In a network analysis technique under project management, CPM is based on
A)
single time
B)
two times
C)
three times
D)
none of these
CPM (Critical Path Method) is a deterministic network analysis technique. It assumes a single, fixed time estimate for each activity. In contrast, PERT uses three time estimates (optimistic, most likely, pessimistic). Therefore, CPM is based on single time.
Silicon, when added to copper increases
A)
strength
B)
hardness
C)
strength and hardness
D)
strength and ductility
Silicon is an alloying element in copper that improves the alloy’s mechanical properties, especially strength and hardness. It generally increases resistance to wear and deformation. Options (a) and (b) are only partially correct, while (d) is wrong because ductility usually decreases when silicon is added to copper.
For grinding steels, the preferred abrasive is
A)
silicon carbide
B)
aluminium oxide
C)
diamond
D)
cubic boron nitride
For grinding steels, aluminium oxide is the preferred abrasive because it is tougher and more suitable for ferrous metals. Silicon carbide is generally preferred for non-ferrous materials like cast iron, brass, and aluminum. Diamond is not suitable for steel because it reacts with iron at grinding temperatures, and cubic boron nitride is excellent for hardened steels but the standard preferred abrasive for general steel grinding is aluminium oxide.
German Silver is an alloy of
A)
silver and some impurities
B)
nickel, copper and zinc
C)
refined silver
D)
silver and gold
German silver, also called nickel silver, is an alloy made mainly of nickel, copper, and zinc. It contains no actual silver despite its name. The other options are incorrect because (a) refers to impure silver, (c) is pure/refined silver, and (d) is an alloy of precious metals not German silver.
The zone of feasible solution of an LPP is a
A)
rectangular set
B)
set of finite number of points
C)
concave set
D)
convex set
In a Linear Programming Problem (LPP), the feasible region is formed by the intersection of linear inequalities. The intersection of convex sets is convex, so the zone of feasible solution is always a convex set. It is not necessarily rectangular, nor a finite set of points, and it is not concave.
Which of the following are goals of JIT?
A)
increasing efficiency
B)
reducing wastage
C)
reducing lead time
D)
all of these
Just-In-Time (JIT) aims to improve overall production performance by increasing efficiency, reducing wastage, and minimizing lead time. Since all three are standard goals of JIT, the correct answer is 'all of these'.
Which of the following is always a cold-working operation?
A)
rolling
B)
wire drawing
C)
forging
D)
extrusion
Wire drawing is always a cold-working process because it is carried out by pulling metal through a die at room temperature to reduce its cross-section. In contrast, rolling, forging, and extrusion can be done either hot or cold depending on the material and process requirements. Therefore, the operation that is always cold-working is wire drawing.