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Past Questions — 2012
Which one of the following is not related to stop watch time study equipment?
A)
non-fly back
B)
fly back
C)
split hand
D)
fly forward
Stop watch time study equipment commonly includes the fly-back type, non-fly-back type, and split-hand type stopwatches. These are standard classifications used in work study. 'Fly forward' is not a recognized type of stopwatch time study equipment, so it is the correct answer.
In ABC analysis under inventory control, the group ‘B’ consists of items which constitutes X% of total stored items, then X is equal to
A)
10
B)
20
C)
70
D)
30
In ABC analysis, items are classified by annual consumption value: A items are few in number but high in value, B items are moderate, and C items are many in number but low in value. Typically, A items account for about 10% of items, B items about 20% of items, and C items about 70% of items. Therefore, group B consists of about 20% of total items by number, but since the question asks for the given X% in the usual ABC distribution of stored items, the intended answer is 30% only if following some alternate textbook convention. However, in standard inventory control classification, B is generally 20% by number. Since the options include 20, that is the correct choice.
Silicon is added to low carbon steel to make the steel
A)
tougher
B)
harder
C)
tougher and harder
D)
tougher and softer
Silicon is added to low carbon steel as a strengthening element. It increases the steel’s hardness and also improves toughness to some extent. Therefore, the correct choice is 'tougher and harder'. Option (a) is incomplete, (b) ignores toughness, and (d) is incorrect because silicon does not make steel softer.
The process layout is considered best if it minimizes the total cost of
A)
machines used
B)
material handling equipments
C)
material handling operation
D)
land and building
In a process layout, similar machines are grouped together and jobs move between departments as needed. Its main objective is to reduce the total cost of material handling operations, since materials may travel different routes depending on the process sequence. Hence, the best answer is material handling operation. The other options are not the primary criterion: machines used is not minimized by layout, material handling equipment is only a means, and land and building cost is more relevant to product layout or plant location decisions.
PERT analysis is based on
A)
three times
B)
single time
C)
two times
D)
none of these
PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) uses three time estimates for each activity: optimistic time, most likely time, and pessimistic time. These are combined to find the expected duration. Hence, PERT analysis is based on three times. Option (b) refers to CPM, which generally uses a single time estimate.
The ratio between measure of output and measure of input may be termed as
A)
profitability
B)
usability
C)
price index
D)
productivity
Productivity is defined as the ratio of output to input. It measures how efficiently resources are used to produce goods or services. The other options do not represent this ratio: profitability relates to profit earned, usability refers to ease of use, and price index measures changes in prices over time.
The coordination number of face centred cube (FCC) is
A)
6
B)
8
C)
12
D)
16
In a face-centred cubic (FCC) crystal structure, each atom touches 12 nearest neighbours: 4 in the same layer, 4 in the layer above, and 4 in the layer below. Therefore, the coordination number of FCC is 12. Option (a) 6 is for simple cubic, (b) 8 is for body-centred cubic, and (d) 16 is incorrect.
In order to obtain maximum flexibility, the layout recommended is
A)
product layout
B)
process layout
C)
combined layout
D)
matrix layout
Maximum flexibility in plant layout is obtained by a process layout, because similar machines are grouped together by function and different products can follow different routes through the shop. This makes it suitable for job production and frequent changes in product design or volume. Product layout is the opposite: it is efficient for mass production but has very low flexibility. Combined layout is a mix of layouts, and matrix layout is not the standard answer for this question.
All events on critical path have
A)
float > 1
B)
float < 1
C)
float=0
D)
none of these
In network analysis, the critical path is the longest-duration path in a project network. Any activity/event on the critical path has no scheduling flexibility, so its float (slack) is zero. If any critical activity were delayed, the whole project would be delayed. Therefore, the correct answer is float = 0.
The type of failure of a material that can be avoided by adopting nitriding is
A)
creep failure
B)
buckling failure
C)
fatigue failure
D)
none of the above
Nitriding is a surface hardening process in which nitrogen is diffused into the surface of steel. It increases surface hardness, wear resistance, and importantly improves fatigue strength by introducing compressive residual stresses at the surface. These compressive stresses help prevent crack initiation and propagation under cyclic loading. Buckling is a structural instability issue, not a material surface treatment issue, and creep is mainly related to high-temperature deformation, which nitriding does not specifically prevent.
Span of control basically signifies the capacity of the manager in line of
A)
supervision
B)
motivation
C)
control
D)
all of these
Span of control means the number of subordinates a manager can effectively supervise. It basically indicates the manager’s capacity in terms of supervision. Motivation and control are related managerial functions, but the term specifically refers to supervision, not all of these.
Manganese bronze has
A)
high elasticity and wearing qualities
B)
high yield point
C)
high resistance to corrosion
D)
good cold working property
Manganese bronze is a strong copper alloy known for its high tensile strength, elasticity, and excellent wear resistance. It is commonly used for parts like gears, propellers, and bearings where these properties are needed. Option (b) is more generally associated with spring steels, (c) is true for many bronzes but is not the defining property asked here, and (d) is not correct because manganese bronze is not especially noted for cold working.
Network analysis were developed from the concept of
A)
milestone chart
B)
bar chart
C)
both milestone and bar chart
D)
flow process chart
Network analysis techniques such as CPM and PERT evolved from earlier project planning methods. They were developed by combining ideas from milestone charts and bar charts, which were used to represent project activities and schedules. Hence, the correct answer is both milestone and bar chart. The other options are incomplete because network analysis did not arise from only one of these charts.
Boro silicate glass has good resistance to
A)
heat
B)
chemicals
C)
both heat and chemicals
D)
none of these
Borosilicate glass contains boron oxide, which gives it a low coefficient of thermal expansion and high thermal shock resistance, so it withstands heat well. It is also more resistant to chemical attack than ordinary soda-lime glass. Therefore, the correct answer is both heat and chemicals.
The permeability of soft magnetic material is
A)
low
B)
medium
C)
high
D)
all of these
Soft magnetic materials are designed to be easily magnetized and demagnetized. This means they have low coercivity and high permeability. Therefore, the permeability of a soft magnetic material is high. Option (a) low is incorrect, (b) medium is not the standard property, and (d) all of these is incorrect because only high is right.
The use of material requirement planning (MRP) based system to plan all the resources of a manufacturing company is called
A)
MRP- I
B)
MRP- II
C)
MRP-III
D)
none of these
Material Requirement Planning (MRP) is used for planning materials only. When the MRP concept is extended to plan all the resources of a manufacturing company, including materials, capacity, manpower, and other production resources, it is called Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP-II). Therefore, the correct answer is MRP-II. MRP-I refers only to material planning, while MRP-III is not the standard term used for this concept.
A high carbon steel contains
A)
0.8 – 1.5% of carbon
B)
0.2 – 0.7% of carbon
C)
1.6 – 2.0% of carbon
D)
None of the above
High carbon steel generally contains about 0.8% to 1.5% carbon. Low carbon steel has less than about 0.25% carbon, and medium carbon steel is roughly 0.25% to 0.7% carbon. Therefore, option (a) is correct.
The chart which is helpful in scheduling, dispatching and control is
A)
bar chart
B)
Gantt chart
C)
activity chart
D)
process chart
A Gantt chart is specifically used in production planning and control for scheduling, dispatching, and monitoring progress of work. It shows activities against time, making it easy to assign jobs and track completion. A bar chart is a general graphical representation, an activity chart is broader and less specific for shop-floor control, and a process chart is used to analyze the sequence of operations rather than scheduling and dispatching.
At or above Curie temperature a ferromagnetic material behaves like a
A)
diamagnetic material
B)
paramagnetic material
C)
ferri magnetic material
D)
anti ferro magnetic materials
A ferromagnetic material loses its spontaneous magnetization at or above the Curie temperature. Above this temperature, thermal agitation randomizes the magnetic domains, so the material no longer shows ferromagnetism and behaves like a paramagnetic material. Hence, option (b) is correct. Diamagnetic, ferrimagnetic, and antiferromagnetic behaviors are not the standard behavior of a ferromagnet above Curie temperature.
When low carbon steel is heated up to upper critical temperature
A)
the grain size does not change
B)
the grain size increases rapidly
C)
the grain size increases slowly
D)
none of the above
In low carbon steel, heating up to the upper critical temperature causes austenite formation. As the temperature approaches and exceeds this point, grain growth becomes rapid. Therefore, the grain size increases rapidly. Option (a) is incorrect because grain size does change, and option (c) is incorrect because the increase is not slow at this stage.
Composites are mainly used in
A)
automobile industry
B)
marine engineering
C)
aeronautical engineering
D)
all of these
Composite materials are widely used in automobile, marine, and aeronautical engineering because they offer high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and design flexibility. In automobiles they reduce weight and improve fuel efficiency; in marine applications they resist corrosion and water damage; and in aeronautics they are especially valuable for lightweight, high-strength structures. Hence, the correct answer is 'all of these'.
The property of the material which enables it to retain the deformation permanently is called
A)
brittleness
B)
ductility
C)
malleability
D)
plasticity
Plasticity is the property of a material by which it undergoes permanent deformation and retains the deformed shape after the load is removed. Brittleness means breaking without much deformation, ductility is the ability to be drawn into wires, and malleability is the ability to be hammered into thin sheets.
The type of production system suitable for zero inventories is named as
A)
CIM
B)
FMS
C)
CANBAN
D)
JIT
Zero inventories are the goal of Just-In-Time (JIT) production, where materials are supplied only when needed, minimizing or eliminating stock. CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) is a broader automation concept, FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) focuses on flexibility, and Kanban is a scheduling/control tool used within JIT, not the production system itself.
The chart which gives an estimate about the amount of material handling between various work stations is known as
A)
flow chart
B)
process chart
C)
travel chart
D)
bar chart
A travel chart shows the amount of material handling or movement between different work stations. It is used in plant layout to analyze inter-departmental flow and minimize unnecessary movement. A flow chart and process chart describe the sequence of operations, while a bar chart is a general graphical representation and not specific to material handling between stations.
Which one of the following control charts does not fall under attribute category?
A)
X-chart
B)
p-chart
C)
c-chart
D)
np-chart
Control charts are broadly classified into two categories: variable charts and attribute charts. X-chart (or X-bar chart) is used for variables data, such as measurements of length, weight, or diameter. In contrast, p-chart, c-chart, and np-chart are attribute charts used for defectives or defects. Therefore, X-chart does not fall under the attribute category.
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