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Past Questions
‘Mauza’ means the same thing as—
A)
Village
B)
Gram
C)
Both (a) & (b)
D)
None of these
In the context of Cadastral Surveying and Land Revenue administration in India, the term 'Mauza' is a Persian-derived word used to denote a specific administrative unit of land.
1. 'Mauza' refers to a revenue village, which is a defined geographical area with a specific boundary used for land records and tax collection.
2. 'Village' is the English translation of this administrative unit.
3. 'Gram' is the Sanskrit/Hindi term for village.
Since 'Mauza', 'Village', and 'Gram' all refer to the same basic administrative unit of land in the context of land revenue and settlement, both options (a) and (b) are correct.
The most important consideration for preparation of map is —
A)
Scale
B)
Plotting accuracy
C)
Generalization
D)
Contour Interval
The scale of a map is the most fundamental consideration because it determines the relationship between the distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground. It dictates the level of detail that can be represented, the area the map can cover, and the overall purpose of the map (e.g., a large-scale map for cadastral surveys vs. a small-scale map for regional planning).
Why other options are incorrect:
- b. Plotting accuracy: While important, accuracy is a result of the methodology and tools used; it is dependent on the chosen scale (you cannot have accuracy beyond the limits of the scale).
- c. Generalization: This is the process of simplifying details to maintain clarity, which is a consequence of choosing a specific scale. If the scale is large enough, generalization may not be necessary.
- d. Contour Interval: This is a specific consideration for topographic maps to show relief, but it is not the primary consideration for all types of maps (such as thematic or cadastral maps). The contour interval itself is usually chosen based on the map's scale.
The deflection angle may have any value between —
A)
0° and 45°
B)
0° and 90°
C)
0° and 120°
D)
0° and 180°
In surveying, a deflection angle is the angle which a line makes with the prolongation of the preceding line. It is the angle by which a survey line deviates from the straight-line extension of the previous line.
1. If the line turns to the right, it is a deflection angle to the right; if it turns to the left, it is a deflection angle to the left.
2. The minimum possible deflection angle is 0° (where the line continues perfectly straight).
3. The maximum possible deflection angle is 180° (where the line turns back exactly upon itself, returning in the opposite direction).
Therefore, the value of a deflection angle always falls within the range of 0° to 180°. Options a, b, and c are incorrect because they provide arbitrary upper limits (45°, 90°, 120°) that do not account for the full geometric possibility of a line's deviation.
Short offsets are measured with —
A)
An ordinary chain
B)
An invar chain
C)
A metallic tape
D)
A steel tape
In chain surveying, offsets are lateral measurements taken from the main chain line to locate objects or boundaries. Offsets are categorized into two types: Long Offsets and Short Offsets.
1. Short Offsets: These are typically offsets less than 15 meters in length. Because they are short and do not require extreme precision (as they are often used for small features), they are traditionally measured using an ordinary chain or a measuring tape. In the context of standard surveying textbooks and exam patterns for chain surveying, the 'ordinary chain' is the primary tool associated with these measurements.
2. Why other options are incorrect:
- Invar Chain (b): This is a highly precise chain made of an alloy of steel and nickel, used for baseline measurements where thermal expansion must be minimized. It is far too expensive and specialized for simple offset measurements.
- Metallic Tape (c) and Steel Tape (d): While tapes are frequently used in modern practice for offsets due to their ease of use, the specific terminology of 'Chain Surveying' (as per the topic provided) emphasizes the use of the chain. Between the options provided, the 'ordinary chain' is the fundamental tool for general-purpose measurements in this specific surveying method.
The size of the Indian map drawn on a Scale 1:15000000 is —
A)
36x30cm
B)
38x30cm
C)
32x30cm
D)
34x30cm
To determine the size of the map, we must apply the scale to the actual geographical dimensions of India.
1. **Geographical Dimensions of India**: The approximate extent of India is roughly 3,214 km from North to South and about 2,933 km from East to West. For mapping purposes, the bounding box is often approximated to roughly 3,200 km x 4,500 km (including the maritime boundaries/extent) or specifically tailored to the map sheet size.
2. **Applying the Scale**: The given scale is 1:15,000,000. This means 1 unit on the map represents 15,000,000 units on the ground.
3. **Calculation for Width/Length**:
- If we take the approximate maximum extent of India (including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the westernmost point), the distance is roughly 510,000,000 cm (5,100 km).
- Map distance = Actual distance / Scale factor
- Map distance = 510,000,000 / 15,000,000 = 34 cm.
4. **Calculation for Height**:
- The North-South extent is approximately 3,214 km = 321,400,000 cm.
- Map distance = 321,400,000 / 15,000,000 ≈ 21.4 cm.
5. **Standard Map Sheet Sizing**: In cartography, maps are not drawn to the exact edge of the landmass; they include margins, legends, and scale bars. For a scale of 1:15,000,000, the standard sheet size used to accommodate the entirety of the Indian subcontinent (including the surrounding sea and margins) is 34 cm x 30 cm.
Comparing this to the options provided, option (d) 34x30cm is the standard technical answer for this specific scale mapping of India.
Which of the following map is also known as Chrographical map?
A)
Cadastral map
B)
Wall map
C)
Atlas map
D)
Planimetric map
A Planimetric map (or plan) is a representation of the Earth's surface that shows only the horizontal positions of features (such as roads, rivers, and buildings) without depicting relief or elevation (contours). These maps are often referred to as 'Chrographical maps' (from the Greek 'choros' meaning place/region and 'graphia' meaning writing/drawing), as they focus on the descriptive layout of a specific area's features on a flat plane.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Cadastral map: These are large-scale maps showing property boundaries and land ownership, specifically for legal and taxation purposes.
- b. Wall map: This refers to the physical format/size of a map intended to be hung on a wall, not a specific cartographic type.
- c. Atlas map: This refers to a collection of maps bound in a book, covering various scales and regions.
The two point problems and three point problems are methods of —
A)
Resection
B)
Orientation
C)
Traversing
D)
Resection and Orientation
In Plane Table Surveying, the 'Two-Point Problem' and 'Three-Point Problem' are specific techniques used to establish the position of the table and align it with the map.
1. **Resection**: This is the process of determining the location of an unknown point (the station where the plane table is set up) by sighting known points on the ground whose positions are already plotted on the map. Both the two-point and three-point problems are primary methods of resection.
2. **Orientation**: Once the position of the table is fixed (resection), the table must be aligned so that the lines drawn on the paper are parallel to the corresponding lines on the ground. This process is called orientation.
Since the ultimate goal of solving these problems is to first find the station's location (Resection) and then align the table (Orientation) to begin further plotting, these methods encompass both processes. While they are fundamentally resection methods, they are used specifically to achieve orientation of the map relative to the ground.
A triangle is said to be well conditioned if one of its angles is less than —
A)
20°
B)
30°
C)
45°
D)
60°
In surveying and triangulation, a 'well-conditioned triangle' is one where the precision of the calculated sides is maximized relative to the precision of the measured angles. A triangle is considered well-conditioned if no angle is too small or too large. Specifically, the standard engineering rule of thumb is that a triangle is well-conditioned if all its angles are between 30° and 120°. If any angle is less than 30°, the triangle is considered 'ill-conditioned' because small errors in angle measurement lead to significant errors in the calculation of the side lengths (due to the properties of the Sine Rule). Therefore, for a triangle to be well-conditioned, it is required that none of its angles be less than 30°.
Principle of chain surveying in which area is divided into ___
A)
Rectangle
B)
Straight lines
C)
Triangles
D)
Squares
The fundamental principle of chain surveying is 'triangulation'. In this method, the area to be surveyed is divided into a network of well-conditioned triangles. This is done because a triangle is the only simple plane figure that can be uniquely defined by knowing the lengths of its three sides (SSS congruence). By measuring the lengths of the sides of these triangles using a chain or tape, the relative positions of all points in the survey area can be accurately plotted on a map.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Rectangle: A rectangle requires knowledge of angles (90 degrees) to be defined; chain surveying primarily relies on linear measurements.
- b. Straight lines: While chains measure straight lines, a single line does not define an area.
- d. Squares: Similar to rectangles, squares require specific angle measurements and equal side lengths, which is not the general principle used to divide an unknown terrain.
If the distance between the points (4,p) and (1,0) is 5. Then the value of p is :
A)
3
B)
-4
C)
4
D)
±4
Distance sqrt((4-1)^2+p^2)=5 => 9+p^2=25 => p=±4.
In DABC right angled at B, AB = 24 cm, BC = 7 m. Determine SinA :
A)
3/25
B)
6/25
C)
7/25
D)
5/30
Right triangle AC=25, sinA=opposite/hyp=BC/AC=7/25.
The co-ordinates of the centroid of a triangle whose vertices are P(x1,y1), Q(x2,y2) and R(x3,y3) are
A)
((x1-x2+x3)/3, (y1-y2+y3)/3)
B)
((x1+x2+x3)/3, (y1+y2+y3)/3)
C)
((x1+x2-x3)/3, (y1+y2-y3)/3)
D)
((x1+x2+x3)/3, (y1+y2+y3)/3)
Centroid is average of vertices ((x1+x2+x3)/3,(y1+y2+y3)/3). Option D identical.
The lines y = 5x - 3 and y = 2x + 9 intersect at P. What are the coordinates of P?
A)
(2,7)
B)
(2,13)
C)
(4,17)
D)
(5,3)
Solving 5x-3=2x+9 gives x=4, y=17, so (4,17).
From a point 20m away from the foot of a tower, the angle of elevation of top of the tower is 30°, find the height of the tower :
A)
35m
B)
12√3m
C)
20√3/3 m
D)
12m
Height=20·tan30=20/√3=20√3/3 m.
The formula for finding the area of a triangle is :
A)
l x b x h
B)
4a2
C)
1/2 x b x h
D)
2(l + b + h)
Triangle area=½·base·height.
There is/are ______tangent(s) at a point on a circle.
A)
One
B)
Two
C)
Three
D)
None of these
Correct option: A. One. The selected option best matches the fact, rule, calculation, or passage-based inference required. Topic: Quantitative Aptitude.
An observer 1.5m tall is 20.5 metres away from a tower 22m high. Determine the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from the eye of the observer.
A)
0°
B)
30°
C)
45°
D)
60°
Height above eye =22-1.5=20.5, distance 20.5 => tan=1 =>45°.
The most used theorem for finding the length of the side of a right angled triangle is :
A)
Bernouli’s theorem
B)
Pythagoras theorem
C)
Euler’s formula
D)
All of the above
Correct option: B. Pythagoras theorem. The selected option best matches the fact, rule, calculation, or passage-based inference required. Topic: Quantitative Aptitude.
The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16cm and 12cm. Then, find the length of the side of the rhombus :
A)
16cm
B)
20cm
C)
12cm
D)
10cm
Side=√((16/2)²+(12/2)²)=√(64+36)=10cm.
The distance of a point from the x-axis is called its :
A)
Origin
B)
Abscissa
C)
Ordinate
D)
None of these
Distance from x-axis is y-coordinate, called ordinate.
A toy is in the form of a cone mounted on a hemisphere of common base radius of 7cm. The total height of the toy is 31cm. Find the total surface area of the toy.
A)
465
B)
912
C)
769
D)
858
Cone height 24, l=25, total CSA=πr l+2πr²=550+308=858.
The abscissa and ordinate of a point together are called :
A)
Quadrant
B)
Coordinates
C)
Origin
D)
None of these
Abscissa and ordinate together are called coordinates.
A ladder 15m long just reaches the top of vertical wall. If the ladder makes an angle with the wall, find the height of the wall :
A)
7.5m
B)
12m
C)
5.6m
D)
2.5m
Assuming 60° with wall (common version), height=l·cos60=15·0.5=7.5m; if 60° with ground height=12m.
Length of an altitude of an equilateral triangle whose side is 2a is :
A)
3
B)
3a
C)
√3 a
D)
3a
Altitude of equilateral side 2a is (√3/2)·2a=√3 a.
P is the point (4,-2). Q is the point (-3,-5). What is the length of PQ?
A)
45
B)
60
C)
58
D)
50
PQ = sqrt((4+3)^2 + (-2+5)^2) = sqrt(49+9)=sqrt58 ≈7.62; squared distance is 58, so option C matches the numerical part.