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Past Questions
A rivet may fail due to Bearing and
A)
Buckling
B)
Tearing
C)
Shearing
D)
Packing
A rivet in a steel connection commonly fails in two main ways: (1) bearing failure, where the rivet or plate is crushed due to contact pressure, and (2) shearing failure, where the rivet is cut across by the force acting on it. Hence, the correct completion is "Bearing and Shearing". Buckling is not a typical failure mode of a rivet, tearing relates mainly to the plate rather than the rivet itself, and packing is not a failure mode.
3, 4 and 5 method is adopted using a chain or tape for setting out a/an
A)
acute angle
B)
right angle
C)
obtuse angle
D)
straight angle
The 3-4-5 method is based on the Pythagorean theorem. If the sides measured are 3, 4, and 5 units, the angle between the 3 and 4 sides is 90°, so it is used to set out a right angle with a chain or tape. It is not used for acute, obtuse, or straight angles.
Los Angeles Abrasion (LAA) test is conducted on this layer in flexible pavement construction. Identify the layer.
A)
Sub-grade
B)
Granular Sub-base
C)
Wet Mix Macadam
D)
Sand Seal Coat
The Los Angeles Abrasion (LAA) test is used to determine the hardness and abrasion resistance of aggregates. In flexible pavement construction, it is especially important for granular layers where aggregates are subjected to crushing and rubbing action, such as the Granular Sub-base (GSB). Sub-grade is soil and not tested by LAA, Wet Mix Macadam is a base layer but the question specifically points to the layer for which aggregate abrasion resistance is required in such construction context, and Sand Seal Coat uses fine material, not coarse aggregate requiring LAA. Hence, Granular Sub-base is the correct answer.
Normally 3% of the Estimated Cost has to be provided to meet unforeseen expenditures while preparing Estimates. Such provisions are known as
A)
Deviations
B)
Extra and substituted items
C)
Expenditure Sanction
D)
Contingencies
In civil engineering estimates, about 3% of the estimated cost is usually added to cover unforeseen expenses. This provision is called contingencies.
- Deviations: changes from the original plan, not a standard allowance in estimates.
- Extra and substituted items: items added or replaced during execution.
- Expenditure sanction: administrative approval for spending.
- Contingencies: correct term for provision to meet unforeseen expenses.
The next number in the following sequence would be 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, an
A)
22
B)
55
C)
53
D)
47
This is a Fibonacci-type sequence, where each term is the sum of the previous two terms: 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34. So the next term is 21 + 34 = 55. Hence, option (b) is correct. The other options do not follow the pattern.
A contract is said to be induced by X where the relations subsisting between the parties are such that one of the parties is in a position to obtain an unfair advantage over the other. Find the appropriate replacement for X.
A)
misrepresentation
B)
coercion
C)
undue influence
D)
fraud
Under Section 16 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, a contract is said to be induced by 'undue influence' when the relations between the parties are such that one party is in a position to dominate the will of the other and obtain an unfair advantage. This exactly matches the statement in the question. Misrepresentation, coercion, and fraud are different vitiating factors and do not describe a situation where one party can unfairly dominate the other through their relationship.
Zoning theory is used in valuation of land in the
A)
Flat Rate System
B)
Comparative System
C)
Belting System
D)
Development System
Zoning theory is applied in the valuation of land under the Belting System. In this method, land is divided into belts based on distance from the main road or frontage, and different rates are assigned to each belt. The nearer belt has higher value, which is exactly the idea behind zoning. The other options do not use this land-value zoning approach: Flat Rate System applies one uniform rate, Comparative System compares similar properties, and Development System estimates value after considering development potential.
In comparison to riveted joints, welded joints are
A)
heavier
B)
lessrigid
C)
lighter
D)
costlier
Welded joints are generally lighter than riveted joints because they do not require rivets, gusset plates, cover plates, and overlapping of members to the same extent. This reduces the overall weight of the connection. Riveted joints are usually heavier and more labor-intensive. Welded joints are also typically more rigid, not less rigid. They are often economical in fabrication and construction, so 'costlier' is not the correct general comparison.
What section of steel beams are normally utilised for fabrication of square and rectangular steel water tanks?
A)
ISLB
B)
ISMB
C)
ISWB
D)
ISHB
Square and rectangular steel water tanks need beams/sections with high flange width and good bending resistance. Among the given options, ISHB (Indian Standard Heavy Beam) is normally used because its broad flanges make it suitable for such fabrication and support. ISLB and ISMB are lighter/moderate beam sections, while ISWB is not the usual choice here.
Sand Replacement method is adopted for testing WMM layer in a flexible pavement construction work in progress. What properties of the WMM layer is being tested?
A)
California Bearing Ratio
B)
Aggregate Impact Value
C)
Gradation
D)
Field Density
The sand replacement method is a field test used to determine the in-situ density of a compacted layer, such as WMM (Wet Mix Macadam), in pavement construction. It helps check whether the required compaction has been achieved.
Why not the others?
- (a) California Bearing Ratio: CBR is a strength test, not measured by sand replacement.
- (b) Aggregate Impact Value: This is a laboratory test on aggregates for toughness.
- (c) Gradation: This is determined by sieve analysis, not by sand replacement.
- (d) Field Density: Correct, because sand replacement measures the density of the compacted WMM layer at site.
The Fore Bearing of a line AB in the Whole Circle Bearing System is 142°18'. What will be its Back bearing in the same System?
A)
322°18'
B)
284°36'
C)
232°18'
D)
52°18"
In the Whole Circle Bearing (WCB) system, the back bearing is obtained by adding 180° to the fore bearing if the fore bearing is less than 180°.
Given fore bearing = 142°18'
Back bearing = 142°18' + 180°00' = 322°18'
So, the correct option is (a) 322°18'.
Why others are incorrect:
- (b) 284°36' is not obtained by the WCB rule.
- (c) 232°18' is also incorrect; adding 90° or other values is not relevant here.
- (d) 52°18" is not the back bearing and also has a different minute/second format.
In a compression steel member, the maximum slenderness ratio may be defined as the ratio of effective length to the appropriate
A)
Modulus of Elasticity
B)
Compressive stress
C)
Radius of gyration
D)
Moment of Inertia
For a compression steel member, slenderness ratio is defined as the ratio of effective length to the least radius of gyration, i.e., λ = Le / r. This measures the tendency of the member to buckle under compression. The other options are not used in the definition of slenderness ratio: modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia are material/section properties, while compressive stress is a load effect, not the geometric ratio required here.
The Fore Bearing of a line AB in the Whole Circle Bearing System is 132°38'. What will be its Fore Bearing in the Quadrantal Bearing System?
A)
S47°22'W
B)
S 42°38'E
C)
S47°22'E
D)
S47°22'W
In the Whole Circle Bearing (WCB) system, bearings are measured clockwise from north. A fore bearing of 132°38' lies between 90° and 180°, so it is in the south-east quadrant. For the Quadrantal Bearing (QB) system, convert it as:
QB = S(180° - 132°38')E
= S47°22'E
So the correct answer is S47°22'E. The other options place the line in the wrong quadrant or have the wrong angle.
If V= Volume of cutting or banking, D=Distance between the Sections, A1, A2, etc the areas of different cross-sections, then the Volume is given by, V= D/2 { (A1 + An) + 2(A2 + A3 + ... + An-1) }. The Method for Volume calculation as above is
A)
Prismoidal Method
B)
Mid —Sectional Area Method
C)
Trapezoidal Method
D)
Mean-Sectional Area Method
The given formula is
V = D/2 × [(A1 + An) + 2(A2 + A3 + ... + An−1)]
which is the standard formula for the **Trapezoidal Method** of calculating earthwork volume from cross-sections.
Why this is correct:
- It uses the end areas and the intermediate sectional areas with weight 2 for the middle sections.
- This is exactly the rule applied in the trapezoidal approximation.
Why the other options are incorrect:
- **Prismoidal Method** uses the formula involving the mid-area and usually a 1:4:1 type relation, not this one.
- **Mid-Sectional Area Method** uses the area at the mid-section between two stations.
- **Mean-Sectional Area Method** uses the average of two consecutive sectional areas multiplied by distance, i.e., V = D × (A1 + A2)/2 for each interval.
So the correct answer is **Trapezoidal Method**.
As per IRC, the theoretical compacted thickness of an Water Bound Macadam layer is always in multiples of
A)
6.00 cm
B)
6.50cm
C)
7.00 cm
D)
7.50cm
As per IRC recommendations for Water Bound Macadam (WBM), the compacted thickness of a layer is specified in multiples of 6 cm. This is because WBM is laid in a loose thickness that compacts to about 6 cm, and higher thicknesses are achieved by placing multiple such compacted layers. Hence, the correct answer is 6.00 cm. The other options do not match the standard IRC compacted layer thickness.
Which of the following is included in the basic assumptions for design of riveted joints?
A)
load is equally shared by all rivets
B)
the end rivets get maximum loads.
C)
the middle rivets get maximum loads.
D)
the load decreases from support end to the free end.
In the basic design assumptions of riveted joints, it is assumed that the external load is distributed equally among all rivets in the joint. This simplifies analysis and design. Options (b) and (c) relate to actual non-uniform load distribution in some joint configurations, but they are not the basic assumption. Option (d) is not a standard assumption for riveted joint design.
The height of a Pressed steel tank will be multiples of
A)
1.00m
B)
1.25m
C)
1.50m
D)
1.75m
Pressed steel tanks are made in panel courses of standard sizes. Their height is generally designed in multiples of 1.25 m so that standard panels can be conveniently assembled. Hence option (b) is correct. The other values are not the usual standard modular height for pressed steel tanks.
For valuation of buildings, the Capital value is found out from Capital Value = the product of Net Income per annum and Year’s Purchase. Which of the following use the above method of valuation?
A)
Direct Comparison Method
B)
Cost Method
C)
Profit basis Method
D)
Investment Method
In valuation of buildings, the formula Capital Value = Net Income per annum × Years' Purchase is the standard **investment method**. This method is used for properties that generate rent or income, because the value is based on the income-earning capacity of the property.
Why others are incorrect:
- **Direct Comparison Method**: estimates value by comparing with similar recent sales.
- **Cost Method**: value is based on land value plus construction cost minus depreciation.
- **Profit basis Method**: used for properties like hotels, cinemas, or industries where valuation depends on business profit, not simple rental income.
Therefore, the correct answer is **Investment Method**.
The Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio, expressed in percentage, of the least strength of a riveted joint to
A)
bearing strength of rivet
B)
strength of solid plate
C)
rivet value
D)
tearing strength of plate
Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio of the least strength of the joint to the strength of the unpunched solid plate, expressed as a percentage. The least strength may be due to tearing, shearing, or bearing failure, but it is always compared with the strength of the solid plate. Hence, the correct answer is (b). Options (a), (c), and (d) refer only to individual failure modes or rivet capacity, not the reference strength used in efficiency.
A Contractor has to deposit to the Department a Bank Guarantee to receive
A)
Security Deposit
B)
Earnest Money
C)
Advance Payment
D)
Performance Guarantee
A bank guarantee is typically required when the contractor wants to receive an advance payment from the department, so that the department’s money is protected against default or non-utilization of the advance. Security deposit and earnest money are usually deposited by the contractor, not received from the department. Performance guarantee is also furnished by the contractor to assure contract performance, but the phrase "to receive" points specifically to advance payment.
In general, the main components of Analysis of Rates are cost of Materials and
A)
Labour
B)
Water
C)
Sundries
D)
Contractor’s profit
In rate analysis, the major components are usually the cost of materials and the cost of labour. Other items like water, sundries, overheads, and contractor’s profit may also be included as separate additions, but the main basic components are materials and labour. Hence, the correct answer is Labour.
A substitute for “one who likes to spend time with others” in one word can be
A)
Introvert
B)
Commoner
C)
Extrovert
D)
Extraordinary
An extrovert is a person who enjoys being with others and spending time in social interaction.
- Introvert: one who prefers solitude or quiet activities, so incorrect.
- Commoner: an ordinary person, not related to social behavior, so incorrect.
- Extrovert: one who is outgoing and likes company, so correct.
- Extraordinary: means exceptional or unusual, so incorrect.
As per IRC Specifications, the minimum width for Right-of-way for double-lane National Highways in open areas is
A)
20m
B)
24m
C)
26m
D)
28m
As per IRC recommendations for National Highways, the minimum right-of-way (ROW) for a double-lane highway in open areas is 24 m. This provides space for the roadway, shoulders, drains, and future widening. The other options are not the standard IRC minimum for a double-lane NH in open terrain.
In a series of readings taken on intermediate points with a levelling staff of a Dumpy level, it is found that the staff readings gradually decrease from 2.110 to 0.880. This indicate
A)
Increase in RL of Intermediate points
B)
No Change in RL
C)
Decrease in RL of Intermediate points
D)
Increase in RL of BM
In levelling, for a fixed line of sight, a smaller staff reading means the point is higher. Since the readings on intermediate points gradually decrease from 2.110 to 0.880, the ground level is rising. Therefore, the Reduced Level (RL) of the intermediate points is increasing. Option (c) is the opposite, and (b) is wrong because the readings are not constant.
A contract by which one party promises to save the other from loss caused to him by the conduct of the promisor himself, or by the conduct of any other person, is called a contract of
A)
guarantee
B)
indemnity
C)
bailment
D)
pledge
Under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, a contract in which one party promises to save the other from loss caused by the conduct of the promisor himself or of any other person is called a contract of indemnity.
Why not the others:
- Guarantee: a promise to discharge the liability of a third person in case of default.
- Bailment: delivery of goods for a specific purpose with the condition of return/disposal.
- Pledge: a type of bailment where goods are delivered as security for a debt or promise.