← Junior Engineer
Past Questions — 2016
Which of the following is not part of important factors which are required to be considered for selection of exact plant location?
A)
Easy access
B)
Availability of cheap, sufficient and suitable land
C)
Cost of material required for construction
D)
None of these
For selecting an exact plant location, important factors usually include easy access, availability of cheap/sufficient/suitable land, transportation, labour, water, power, and market proximity. The cost of material required for construction is not a primary site-selection factor; it is more related to project budgeting and construction planning. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. Option (a) and (b) are valid location factors, so (d) is incorrect.
A governor is a device
A)
to control temperature variation
B)
to slowdown the speed
C)
to control speed variation in an engine and controls the amount of fuel to an engine to match the load requirement to maintain in a specific speed
D)
None of these
A governor is used in engines to automatically regulate the engine speed when load changes. It does this by adjusting the fuel supply so that the engine speed remains nearly constant. Option (a) is unrelated, and (b) is too vague and incorrect because a governor does not simply slow down speed; it maintains speed. Hence, (c) is correct.
Inspection is considered to be a tool of :
A)
Quality control
B)
Material management
C)
Production control
D)
Plant layout
Inspection is a primary tool of quality control because it is used to check whether the product, material, or process conforms to the required specifications and standards. It helps detect defects and maintain quality. It is not mainly a tool of material management, production control, or plant layout.
A method of uniting two or more pieces of metal by means of a fusible alloy or metal, applied in the molten state is
A)
Welding
B)
Soldering
C)
Balancing
D)
None of these
The process described is soldering: two or more metal pieces are joined using a fusible alloy/metal (solder) applied in the molten state. Welding joins metals by fusion of the base metals themselves, not by a lower-melting filler alone. Balancing is unrelated.
Which is not one of principal parts of capstan & turret lathe?
A)
Hexagonal turret
B)
Headstock
C)
Lathe bed
D)
Knee
A capstan and turret lathe has principal parts such as the headstock, lathe bed, and turret/hexagonal turret. The knee is a part of a milling machine, not a lathe. Therefore, it is not one of the principal parts of a capstan and turret lathe.
Any member of a structure which is in compression may be called
A)
A column
B)
A truss
C)
A strut
D)
None of these
A structural member that carries compressive force is generally called a strut. In strength of materials, a strut is any member subjected to axial compression. A column is also a compression member, but the broader and more general term for any compressed member is strut. A truss is an assembly of members, not a single compressive member. Therefore, the correct answer is A strut.
Which of the following is not a precision grinder?
A)
Abrasive belt grinder
B)
Surface grinder
C)
Cylinder grinder
D)
Internal grinder
Precision grinders are machine tools used for accurate finishing operations with close tolerances. Surface grinder, cylinder grinder, and internal grinder are all precision grinders because they can produce high accuracy and fine surface finish on flat, cylindrical, and internal surfaces respectively. An abrasive belt grinder is generally used for rough grinding, finishing, or polishing, and is not classified as a precision grinder.
What type of annealing consists of - heating the steel slightly above the critical point, holding it at that temperature for a considerable period & slowly cooling?
A)
Spheroidise annealing
B)
Process annealing
C)
Full annealing
D)
None of these
Full annealing involves heating steel slightly above its critical point, holding it there for some time, and then cooling it slowly, usually in the furnace. This produces a soft, ductile structure. Spheroidise annealing is used mainly for high-carbon steel to form spheroidized cementite, while process annealing is done below the critical point to relieve stresses in low-carbon steel.
Which is not one of the principal parts of a Column & Knee type of milling machine?
A)
Piston ring
B)
Knee
C)
Base
D)
Column
A column-and-knee type milling machine has principal parts such as the base, column, knee, saddle, table, overarm, and spindle. The piston ring is an engine component, not a milling machine part. Therefore, it is the option that is not one of the principal parts.
The specification for the shapes, sizes and finishes are furnished to the shop by part drawings or manufacturing drawings. These specifications are often called
A)
Quality characteristics
B)
Standard measurements
C)
Engineering drawings
D)
None of these
Part drawings or manufacturing drawings furnish the specifications of shape, size, and finish to the shop. Such drawings are commonly called engineering drawings because they communicate the technical details needed for manufacture. The other options do not correctly describe this standard term.
Which of the following is not part of important steps for project planning?
A)
Market survey
B)
Project capability
C)
Selection of site
D)
None of these
In project planning, all three listed items are important steps: market survey helps assess demand, project capability checks feasibility and resources, and selection of site is a key planning decision. Since all options (a), (b), and (c) are part of project planning, the correct answer is (d) None of these.
In factories the power or rotary motion from one shaft to another is usually transmitted by means of
A)
Crankshaft
B)
Belts or ropes
C)
HT lines
D)
None of these
In factories, rotary motion and power are commonly transmitted from one shaft to another using belts or ropes. They are simple, economical, and suitable for transmitting motion over some distance. Crankshafts are used to convert reciprocating motion to rotary motion, and HT lines are used for electrical power transmission, not mechanical shaft-to-shaft power transmission.
What is a prime consideration in designing the new plant building?
A)
Material handling
B)
Drawings
C)
Machine loading
D)
Value engineering
In industrial engineering, a prime consideration in designing a new plant building is efficient material handling, because the building layout must support smooth movement of materials, reduce travel distance, and minimize delays and handling cost. Drawings are only a planning document, machine loading is a scheduling concern, and value engineering is a cost-reduction technique rather than the primary design consideration for the building itself.
Certain statistical techniques have been derived to evaluate machines, materials and processes by observing capabilities and trends so that continual analysis and predictions may be made to control the desired quality level. The statistical techniques are called
A)
Fundamental of statistics
B)
Statistical quality control methods
C)
Sampling inspection
D)
None of these
The question describes statistical techniques used to evaluate machines, materials, and processes by observing variation, capabilities, and trends to maintain and control quality. This is the definition of Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods.
- (a) Fundamentals of statistics: too broad; not specifically for quality control.
- (b) Statistical quality control methods: correct, because SQC uses statistical tools to monitor and control quality.
- (c) Sampling inspection: only one part of SQC, focused on accepting/rejecting lots, not the full set of techniques described.
- (d) None of these: incorrect because option (b) matches the description.
The maximum permissible variation in the size of the part is
A)
Basic dimensions
B)
Tolerance
C)
Clearance
D)
None of these
The maximum permissible variation in the size of a part from its basic size is called **tolerance**. It defines the allowed upper and lower limits of size during manufacturing.
- **Basic dimension** is the nominal or theoretical size, not the permitted variation.
- **Clearance** is the intentional gap between mating parts, not the variation itself.
- Therefore, the correct answer is **tolerance**.
The power (in horse power) transmitted by a belt drive is (T1 = belt tension in tight side, T2 = belt tension in loose side and V = belt speed)
A)
Power = (T1-T2)V
B)
Power = (T1+T2)V
C)
Power = T1V
D)
None of these
In a belt drive, the effective driving force is the difference between the tight-side tension and the loose-side tension, i.e. (T1 - T2). Power transmitted equals force × velocity, so P = (T1 - T2)V. Hence option (a) is correct. Option (b) uses the sum of tensions, which is not the net driving force, and option (c) ignores the loose-side tension, so both are incorrect.
In forging operation of cutting tools of carbon steel, the operation should be carried out at
A)
850 to 950°C
B)
950 to 1050°C
C)
1050 to 1150°C
D)
None of these
Carbon steel cutting tools are forged in the lower austenitic range to avoid overheating, grain growth, and loss of hardness. For such tools, the recommended forging temperature is about 850 to 950°C. Higher ranges like 950 to 1050°C or 1050 to 1150°C are too hot for carbon steel cutting tools and may damage their properties.
A process of joining similar metal by rivet is called
A)
Welding
B)
Balancing
C)
Rivetting
D)
None of these
Joining similar metal parts using a rivet is called riveting. A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener used to join plates or sheets together. Welding joins metals by fusion, balancing is unrelated, and 'none of these' is incorrect.
A clutch is
A)
A friction device which permits the connection and disconnection of shafts
B)
A device to reduce the speed
C)
A part of machine which supports the body
D)
None of these
A clutch is used to connect and disconnect the driving and driven shafts, usually by frictional contact. This allows smooth transmission of power in vehicles and machines. Option (b) describes a speed reducer/gearbox, and option (c) refers to a support structure, not a clutch.
The ratio of the direct stress to the strain produced is called
A)
Shear modulus
B)
Rigidity
C)
Young’s modulus
D)
None of these
Direct stress divided by the corresponding strain gives the modulus of elasticity in tension or compression, which is called Young’s modulus. Shear modulus relates shear stress to shear strain, and rigidity is another term associated with resistance to shear, not direct stress-strain ratio.
A machine tool that removes metal as the work is fed against a rotating multipoint cutter is
A)
Grinding machine
B)
Boring machine
C)
Gear hobbing machine
D)
Milling machine
In a milling machine, the workpiece is fed against a rotating multipoint cutter, and metal is removed in the form of chips.
Why others are incorrect:
- Grinding machine: uses an abrasive wheel, not a multipoint cutter.
- Boring machine: used to enlarge existing holes with a single-point tool.
- Gear hobbing machine: specifically used for cutting gears with a hob, though it also uses a rotating cutter, the general machine tool described here is the milling machine.
The ratio between lateral strain to longitudinal strain produced by a single stress is called
A)
Principal ratio
B)
Poisson’s ratio
C)
Bending ratio
D)
None of these
When a material is subjected to a single axial stress, it undergoes a longitudinal strain in the direction of load and a lateral strain perpendicular to it. The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain is called Poisson’s ratio. The other options are not standard terms for this definition.
Power may be transmitted between parallel shafts by means of
A)
Worm gears
B)
Clutches
C)
Roller chains
D)
None of these
Power transmission between parallel shafts is commonly done by belts, chains, or gears arranged for parallel shafts. Among the given options, roller chains are used to transmit power between parallel shafts. Worm gears are used for non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts, and clutches are for engaging/disengaging power transmission, not for shaft-to-shaft transmission between parallel shafts.
The melting point of pure iron is
A)
1355°C
B)
1500°C
C)
1553°C
D)
1535°C
Pure iron melts at about 1535°C (often quoted as 1538°C in some references). Among the given options, 1535°C is the correct and closest standard value. The other options are too low and do not match the known melting point of iron.
A process of joining similar metals by application of heat with or without application of pressure and addition of filler material is called
A)
Smithing
B)
Forging
C)
Pattern making
D)
Welding
Joining similar metals by applying heat, with or without pressure and with or without filler material, is the definition of welding. Smithing and forging are metal-shaping processes, while pattern making is used in casting to create patterns for molds.