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Past Questions
The measurement is made in square metre in case of
A)
Cement concrete in foundation
B)
RCC members
C)
Hollow concrete block wall
D)
None of these
Hollow concrete block wall is measured in square metre because it is a walling item whose quantity is taken by area (length × height) when thickness is specified separately or standardized. RCC members and cement concrete in foundation are measured in cubic metre since they are concrete works involving volume. Therefore, option (c) is correct. Option (b) is incorrect because RCC members are measured by volume, not area. Option (a) is incorrect because cement concrete in foundation is also measured in cubic metre. Option (d) is incorrect because one of the listed items is indeed measured in square metre.
The most reliable estimate is
A)
Preliminary Estimate
B)
Detailed Estimate
C)
Plinth area estimate
D)
Cubical Rate Estimate
Detailed Estimate is the most reliable estimate because it is prepared from complete working drawings, specifications, and detailed quantity take-off of all items of work. This gives the closest approximation to the actual cost.
Why others are incorrect:
- Preliminary Estimate: only an approximate cost used at the planning stage, so it is less accurate.
- Plinth area estimate: based on plinth area and a unit rate; useful for rough comparison, but not highly reliable.
- Cubical Rate Estimate: based on building volume and a unit rate; also approximate and less reliable than a detailed estimate.
The plinth area of a building does not include
A)
Area of walls at floor level
B)
Internal shaft for sanitary installation upto 2 sq.m in area
C)
Lift and wall including landing
D)
Area of cantilevered balcony
Plinth area is the built-up covered area measured at floor level, generally including walls, columns, staircases, lifts, and small service shafts within the building footprint. A cantilevered balcony projects outside the main wall line and is not included in plinth area. Hence option (d) is correct.
Why the others are included:
- (a) Area of walls at floor level: included in plinth area because wall thickness at floor level forms part of the covered built-up area.
- (b) Internal shaft for sanitary installation up to 2 sq.m in area: included as per standard plinth area measurement rules for small service shafts.
- (c) Lift and wall including landing: included because lift wells and associated landings are part of the covered floor area.
Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio of
A)
Least strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate
B)
Greatest strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate
C)
Least strength of a riveted plate to the greatest strength of the riveted joint
D)
None of the above
Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio of the least strength of the riveted joint to the strength of the solid plate (unpunched plate) of the same dimensions. The joint can fail by tearing of plate, shearing of rivets, or crushing of rivets, so its effective strength is the minimum of these modes. Hence option (a) is correct.
Option (b) is incorrect because the greatest strength is not used; efficiency is based on the weakest failure mode. Option (c) is incorrect because it reverses the ratio and uses the wrong terms. Option (d) is incorrect because option (a) correctly states the definition.
A riveted joint may fail due to
A)
Shear failure of rivets
B)
Shear failure of plates
C)
Tearing failure of rivets
D)
Tearing failure of plates
A riveted joint may fail primarily by the rivets failing in shear, because the load transferred through the joint can cause the rivets to be cut across their cross-section. Hence, "shear failure of rivets" is a standard failure mode of riveted joints.
Why the others are incorrect:
- Tearing failure of plates: this is also a possible failure mode of riveted joints, but the question asks for a single correct option and the most direct/common failure mode listed here is rivet shear.
- Tearing failure of rivets: rivets generally do not fail by tearing; they fail by shear or sometimes crushing/bearing.
- Shear failure of plates: plates do not typically fail in shear in a riveted joint; plate failure is usually by tearing across the net section.
The principle of working from ‘whole to part’ is used in surveying because
A)
Plotting becomes easy
B)
Survey work can be completed easily
C)
Accumulation or errors is prevented
D)
All of the above
The principle of working from whole to part is used in surveying to first establish a precise control framework over the entire area and then fill in the details. This prevents the accumulation and propagation of errors, because any small error is confined to a local part instead of spreading throughout the whole survey. Hence, option (c) is correct.
Why the others are incorrect:
- (a) Plotting becomes easy: Plotting may become more systematic, but this is not the main reason for the principle.
- (b) Survey work can be completed easily: The principle is about accuracy and error control, not convenience.
- (d) All of the above: Since (a) and (b) are not the primary or correct reasons, this option is incorrect.
The pressed plates in pressed steel tanks have thickness of 3mm,5mm and 6mm and the size of plate is
A)
1.00m×1.00m
B)
1.25m×1.25m
C)
1.30m×1.30m
D)
1.50m×1.50m
Pressed steel tanks are made from standard pressed steel plates, and the commonly used plate size for the usual thicknesses of 3 mm, 5 mm, and 6 mm is 1.25 m × 1.25 m. This is the standard modular size adopted for fabrication and assembly of pressed steel tank panels.
Why the other options are incorrect:
- a) 1.00 m × 1.00 m: too small; not the standard pressed steel tank plate size for these thicknesses.
- c) 1.30 m × 1.30 m: not a standard size used for pressed steel tank plates.
- d) 1.50 m × 1.50 m: too large for the usual pressed steel tank panel module and not the standard answer in such exam questions.
Brick wall are measured in sq.m if the thickness of the wall is
A)
15cm
B)
20cm
C)
25cm
D)
30cm
Brick walls are generally measured in square metres (area) when the wall thickness is 15 cm or less. For thicker brick walls, measurement is taken in cubic metres because volume becomes significant. Therefore, 15 cm is the correct thickness for measuring a brick wall in sq.m. The other options are incorrect because 20 cm, 25 cm, and 30 cm are all thicker than 15 cm, so such walls should be measured in cubic metres, not square metres.
Statements: I. All stones are precious. II. Some precious are yellow. Conclusions: I. Some precious are stones. II. All yellow are precious. Decide which conclusion logically follows.
A)
If only conclusion I follows
B)
If only conclusion II follows
C)
If neither I nor II follows
D)
If both I and II follows
From statement I, all stones are included in precious, so if stones exist, they are precious. However, statement II only says some precious are yellow; it does not say all yellow are precious.
Conclusion I: "Some precious are stones" does not strictly follow from "All stones are precious" because existence of stones is not guaranteed. In standard syllogism questions, this is usually treated as not following. But since the intended exam logic often assumes the existence of the class mentioned in the universal statement, the safer logical reading is that it does not follow.
Conclusion II: "All yellow are precious" definitely does not follow, because we only know some precious are yellow, not that every yellow thing is precious.
Therefore, strictly speaking, neither conclusion follows. However, among the given options, the intended answer in many competitive-exam settings is option c. If the exam expects classical syllogism with existential import, then conclusion I may be taken as following, making option a. Since the question asks for logical follow and standard modern logic applies, the correct option is c.
In flushing cisterns of water closets, height from top of pan to bottom of cistern is average _________ cm for high level cisterns.
A)
150
B)
60
C)
70
D)
80
For a high-level flushing cistern, the cistern is mounted well above the water closet pan to provide sufficient flushing head. The average vertical distance from the top of the pan to the bottom of the cistern is about 150 cm, so option (a) is correct.
Why the others are incorrect: 60 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm are too low for a high-level cistern; such heights are more in the range of low-level or close-coupled arrangements, not high-level installations.
The cost of tender documents for works costing between Rs. 1 lakh and Rs. 50 lakh is
A)
Rs. 250
B)
Rs. 750
C)
Rs. 500
D)
Rs. 1000
For works with an estimated cost between Rs. 1 lakh and Rs. 50 lakh, the standard tender document fee is Rs. 500, so option (c) is correct. The other options are incorrect because Rs. 250 is generally for smaller-value works, while Rs. 750 and Rs. 1000 are higher fees applicable to larger-cost work ranges, not this bracket.
In Indian practice of traffic signal, the amber period of transition interval between green and red signal is
A)
1 second
B)
1.5 second
C)
2 seconds
D)
2.5 seconds
In Indian traffic signal practice, the amber (yellow) interval is the transition period between green and red, and it is generally taken as 1.5 seconds. This allows drivers already too close to the stop line to clear the intersection safely before the red phase begins. Hence, option (b) 1.5 second is correct.
Why the others are incorrect:
- (a) 1 second: too short for the standard Indian practice.
- (c) 2 seconds: longer than the usual prescribed amber interval.
- (d) 2.5 seconds: also longer than the standard value used in Indian practice.
Benchmark is established by
A)
Hypsometry
B)
Barometric leveling
C)
Spirit leveling
D)
Trigonometric leveling
Benchmark is established by spirit leveling because it is the most accurate direct method for determining differences in elevation and fixing a reference point (benchmark) with known reduced level. Hypsometry is not a standard surveying method for establishing benchmarks; it relates to estimating elevation from atmospheric/temperature conditions. Trigonometric leveling determines elevations indirectly using measured angles and distances, so it is less precise for establishing benchmarks. Barometric leveling uses atmospheric pressure differences to estimate height and is also too approximate for benchmark establishment.
Average domestic consumption of water per head per day in India is
A)
100
B)
125
C)
135
D)
150
The average domestic water consumption in India is commonly taken as about 150 litres per capita per day (lpcd) in standard water-supply and public-health engineering references, so option d is correct. The other values are lower than the commonly accepted average: 100 lpcd is too low for the stated average, 125 lpcd is below the standard figure, and 135 lpcd is still short of the usual 150 lpcd value.
The provision contingency in an estimate for work upto Rs. 1.00 crore is
A)
2%
B)
5%
C)
4%
D)
3%
For estimates of works up to Rs. 1.00 crore, the usual provision for contingencies is 3% of the estimated cost. Hence option (d) is correct. The other options are incorrect because 2% is generally too low for standard contingency provision, while 4% and 5% are higher than the prescribed percentage for this cost range.
Which of the following scales is the largest one
A)
1cm = 50m
B)
1:42000
C)
RF= 1/300000
D)
1cm = 5km
The largest scale is the one with the smallest representative denominator, because it shows the greatest detail. Convert each option to RF (1 in denominator form): d) 1 cm = 5 km = 1:500000, a) 1 cm = 50 m = 1:5000, c) RF = 1/300000 = 1:300000, b) 1:42000. Among these, 1:5000 is the largest scale, so option a is correct. The others are smaller scales because their denominators are larger: 1:42000, 1:300000, and 1:500000.
The correct stages for executing the work is
A)
Administrative Approval – Technical Sanction- Expenditure Sanction- Tender
B)
Administrative Approval – Expenditure Sanction – Technical Sanction- Tender
C)
Expenditure Sanction- Administrative Approval- Tender – Technical Sanction
D)
None of these
The usual sequence for executing a public works project is: first Administrative Approval (permission to take up the work), then Expenditure Sanction (approval of funds), followed by Technical Sanction (approval of detailed estimates/designs), and finally Tendering for execution. Hence option **b** is correct.
Why others are wrong:
- **a** is incorrect because Expenditure Sanction must come before Technical Sanction and tendering; also Administrative Approval should precede both.
- **c** is incorrect because it starts with Expenditure Sanction before Administrative Approval, which is not the proper order.
- **d** is incorrect because option **b** matches the standard procedure.
The main factor to be considered while preparing a detailed estimate is
A)
Quantity of materials
B)
Availability of materials
C)
Transportation of materials
D)
All of these
A detailed estimate is prepared after considering all major factors affecting the cost of the work, including the quantity of materials, their availability, and the transportation charges. Since each of these directly influences the final estimate, the correct answer is "All of these".
Why the others are incorrect:
- Quantity of materials: important, but not the only factor.
- Availability of materials: important, but again only one part of the estimate.
- Transportation of materials: also affects cost, but by itself is incomplete.
Therefore, the main factor to be considered while preparing a detailed estimate is all of these together.
Turbidity of water is remedied by
A)
Sedimentation
B)
Chlorination
C)
Filtration
D)
All of these
Turbidity means the presence of suspended and colloidal particles that make water cloudy. It is primarily removed by sedimentation, where heavier particles settle down under gravity. Filtration also helps remove remaining fine suspended matter, but among the given options the direct remedy for turbidity is sedimentation. Chlorination is used for disinfection, not for removing turbidity. Therefore, the correct option is a (Sedimentation).
While estimating the quantities for construction of a building, the correct metric unit is
A)
Metre for length
B)
Cubic metre for area
C)
Square metres for volume
D)
Litre for capacity
The correct metric unit for estimating building quantities depends on the type of measurement. For length-related items such as walls, beams, pipes, and excavation dimensions, the correct unit is metre. Hence, option (a) Metre for length is correct.
Why the others are incorrect:
- (b) Cubic metre for area is wrong because cubic metre is a unit of volume, not area.
- (c) Square metres for volume is wrong because square metre is a unit of area, not volume.
- (d) Litre for capacity is a valid unit for liquid capacity, but it is not the standard unit used for general building quantity estimation.
Local attraction in compass surveying may exist due to
A)
Incorrect leveling of the magnetic needle
B)
Loss of magnetism of the needle
C)
Friction of needle at the pivot
D)
Presence of magnetic substances near the instrument
Local attraction in compass surveying is caused by nearby magnetic influences that deflect the magnetic needle from the earth’s magnetic meridian. Hence, the correct option is (d) Presence of magnetic substances near the instrument.
Why the others are incorrect:
- (a) Incorrect leveling of the magnetic needle: This may affect the smooth functioning or reading of the compass, but it is not the cause of local attraction.
- (b) Loss of magnetism of the needle: This weakens the needle’s directive property, causing poor or unreliable readings, but not local attraction.
- (c) Friction of needle at the pivot: This can prevent free movement of the needle and introduce reading errors, but again it is not local attraction.
Therefore, local attraction specifically refers to disturbance due to external magnetic materials or fields near the compass.
In a project, revised estimate is necessary when the sanctioned amount is exceeded by:
A)
15%
B)
10%
C)
12%
D)
7.5%
A revised estimate is generally required when the actual or anticipated expenditure exceeds the sanctioned estimate by more than 10%. Therefore, the correct option is **b) 10%**. The other options are incorrect because **7.5%** and **12%** do not match the standard threshold used in civil engineering/public works practice, and **15%** is too high for the usual trigger point for preparing a revised estimate.
Scrap value is
A)
The value of materials before dismantling
B)
The value of materials after dismantling
C)
The difference between the original value and the present value
D)
The reserved price of the materials
Scrap value is the amount realized from materials when an asset is dismantled, sold as scrap, or disposed of at the end of its useful life. Hence, "the value of materials after dismantling" is correct.
Why others are wrong:
- a: This is the value before dismantling, which is not scrap value.
- c: This describes depreciation or loss in value, not scrap value.
- d: Reserved price is a minimum selling price set in an auction, not the scrap value.
Statements: I. Some scooters are pink. II. All pink are trains. Conclusions: I. Some scooters are trains. II. No pink is a scooter. Decide which conclusion logically follows.
A)
If only conclusion I follows
B)
If only conclusion II follows
C)
If neither I nor II follows
D)
If both I and II follows
From statement I, some scooters are pink. From statement II, all pink things are trains. Therefore, those scooters that are pink must also be trains. So conclusion I (Some scooters are trains) follows.
Conclusion II (No pink is a scooter) directly contradicts statement I, which says some scooters are pink. Hence conclusion II does not follow.
Therefore, only conclusion I follows, so the correct option is a. Option b is wrong because II is false; option c is wrong because I is true; option d is wrong because II does not follow.
The form used for showing serial number of Measurement Book, issue and return is
A)
CPWA 62
B)
CPWA 92
C)
CPWA 72
D)
CPWA 82
The form used for recording the serial number of Measurement Books along with their issue and return is CPWA Form 82. This form is specifically meant for the register/control of Measurement Books in CPWD/CPWA procedure. CPWA 62, CPWA 72, and CPWA 92 are used for other accounting or measurement-related purposes, not for the issue and return record of Measurement Books.