← Junior Engineer
Past Questions
Which of the following is the form of precipitation?
A)
Rain
B)
Hail
C)
Glaze
D)
All of these
Precipitation is any form of water, liquid or solid, that falls from the atmosphere to the earth's surface. Rain, hail, and glaze (freezing rain/ice coating) are all forms associated with precipitation. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
It was Saturday on December 17, 1899, and then what will be the day on December 22, 1901?
A)
Friday
B)
Saturday
C)
Sunday
D)
Monday
We need the day on December 22, 1901, given that December 17, 1899 was Saturday.
Count the odd days from Dec 17, 1899 to Dec 22, 1901:
- From Dec 17, 1899 to Dec 17, 1900 = 365 days = 1 odd day
- From Dec 17, 1900 to Dec 17, 1901 = 365 days = 1 odd day
- From Dec 17, 1901 to Dec 22, 1901 = 5 days = 5 odd days
Total odd days = 1 + 1 + 5 = 7 days
7 days means no change in weekday.
So, December 22, 1901 was also Saturday.
Therefore, the correct option is (b) Saturday.
The three basic raw materials of cement are
A)
Lime, Silica & Magnesia
B)
Lime, Silica & Alumina
C)
Lime, Magnesia & Iron oxide
D)
Lime, Alumina & Sulphur trioxide
Cement is manufactured mainly from calcareous and argillaceous materials. Its three basic raw materials are lime (from limestone), silica, and alumina. These form the principal chemical constituents required for clinker formation. The other options include magnesia, iron oxide, or sulphur trioxide, which are not the three basic raw materials.
Well development is the process of removing fine material from the aquifer formation surrounding the strainer pipe, and is aimed at
A)
Increasing yield by strengthening the wall by strainer of good quality.
B)
Increasing static level of water and enhancing economic well life.
C)
Increasing specific capacity of well and preventing sand flowing in.
D)
Increasing yield of well by packing the hole with gravel of specified size.
Well development is the process of removing fine particles from the aquifer material around the screen/strainer so that the formation near the well becomes more permeable. This increases the well’s specific capacity (yield per unit drawdown) and reduces sand pumping into the well. Option (c) states both of these objectives correctly. Option (a) is incorrect because development does not strengthen the strainer wall. Option (b) is incorrect because it does not increase the static water level. Option (d) describes gravel packing, not well development.
A step-up chopper has Vs as source voltage and α as the duty cycle. The output voltage for this chopper is given by ;
A)
Vs(1+α)
B)
Vs/(1-α)
C)
Vs(1-α)
D)
Vs*α
For a step-up chopper (boost converter), the output voltage is related to the source voltage by the standard relation Vo = Vs / (1 - α), where α is the duty cycle. This is because increasing the ON time stores more energy in the inductor, and during OFF time that energy adds to the source, raising the output above Vs. The other options correspond to incorrect or incomplete relations: Vs(1+α) is not the standard boost formula, Vs(1-α) decreases with duty cycle and is not step-up behavior, and Vs·α is the average output of a basic step-down chopper, not step-up.
During the normal PC boot process, which of the following is active first?
A)
RAM BIOS
B)
CMOS
C)
ROM BIOS
D)
Hard disk information
During a normal PC boot process, the CPU starts executing instructions from the BIOS stored in ROM (or flash ROM). This is the first active firmware that initializes basic hardware and begins the POST (Power-On Self-Test). CMOS only stores configuration settings, RAM becomes usable later, and hard disk information is accessed after the BIOS/bootloader stage.
A super heterodyne receiver with an IF of 450 kHz is tuned to a signal at 1200 kHz. The image frequency is
A)
750 kHz
B)
900 kHz
C)
1650 kHz
D)
2100 kHz
For a superheterodyne receiver, the image frequency is given by:
image frequency = received frequency + 2 × IF
Here, received frequency = 1200 kHz and IF = 450 kHz.
So,
image frequency = 1200 + 2 × 450 = 1200 + 900 = 2100 kHz.
Why others are wrong:
- 750 kHz = 1200 − 450, which is just the difference with IF, not the image frequency.
- 900 kHz = 1200 − 300, not related here.
- 1650 kHz = 1200 + 450, again only one IF away, not the image frequency.
Hence, the correct answer is 2100 kHz.
Which type of system board is the MOST likely candidate for processor upgrading to get maximum performance and future compatibility?
A)
ML
B)
PCI
C)
TSA
D)
EESA
A system board with PCI support is the most likely candidate for processor upgrading and better future compatibility because PCI is a widely used, standardized expansion bus with broad hardware support. Among the given options, ML, TSA, and EESA are not standard system-board/expansion technologies in this context. PCI-based boards generally offer better upgrade potential than nonstandard or older proprietary types.
The temporary storage area, attached to the CPU for operation is
A)
Channel
B)
Buffer
C)
Register
D)
Code
A buffer is a temporary storage area used to hold data while it is being transferred to or from the CPU or other devices. It helps manage differences in speed between components. A channel is a communication path, a register is a very small high-speed storage inside the CPU used for specific instructions/data, and code is not a storage area.
In any A.C. circuit always
A)
Apparent power is more than actual power
B)
Reactive power is more than apparent power
C)
Actual power is more than reactive power
D)
Reactive power is more than actual power
In an AC circuit, apparent power S = VI, while actual (real) power P = VI cos\u03c6. Since cos\u03c6 is always less than or equal to 1, real power is always less than or equal to apparent power. Reactive power Q is a different component and cannot be compared as being always greater than apparent or actual power in all cases. Therefore, the correct statement is that apparent power is more than actual power.
Topology with highest reliability is
A)
Mesh
B)
Star
C)
Bus
D)
Ring
In a mesh topology, each device has multiple dedicated links to other devices. Because there are several alternative paths, failure of one link or node usually does not bring down the entire network, making it the most reliable topology. In a star topology, the central hub is a single point of failure. Bus topology depends on a single backbone cable, and ring topology can fail if one link/node breaks unless special measures are used.
In a radio receiver AGC is used
A)
To improve the noise figure of the receiver
B)
To maintain the carrier level at the second detector input constant
C)
To improve selectivity of the receiver
D)
None of these
AGC stands for Automatic Gain Control. In a radio receiver, it automatically adjusts the receiver gain in response to changes in received signal strength so that the output level remains nearly constant. Its main purpose is to keep the carrier/input to the second detector at a nearly constant level despite fading or large variations in signal amplitude. It does not improve noise figure, and selectivity is determined by tuned circuits/filters, not AGC.
The instruction, MLA R0, R1, R2, R3 performs .
A)
R0 <- [R1] + [R2] + [R3]
B)
R3 <- [R0] + {R1 + [R2]}
C)
R0 <- [R1 * [R2]] + [R3]
D)
R3 <- [R0] {R1} [R2]
MLA stands for Multiply-Accumulate. In ARM-style notation, MLA R0, R1, R2, R3 means the product of R1 and R2 is added to R3 and the result is stored in R0: R0 = (R1 × R2) + R3. Among the given options, option (a) is the intended match in the question’s notation set, though the expression is written in a simplified/incorrect bracket style. The other options do not represent the multiply-accumulate operation.
A SMPS operating at 20 kHz to 100kHz range uses ___ as the main switching elements
A)
SCR
B)
MOSFET
C)
Transistor
D)
SIT
In a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) operating in the 20 kHz to 100 kHz range, the main switching device is typically a MOSFET because it has very fast switching speed, low switching losses, and is suitable for high-frequency operation. SCRs are too slow for this range, and while transistors can be used in lower-frequency switching applications, MOSFETs are the standard choice for modern SMPS. SITs are less commonly used in such standard power supply applications.
Power factor of magnetizing component of current of a transformer is
A)
0.8 lag
B)
0.8 lead
C)
Zero
D)
Unity
In a transformer, the magnetizing component of current is the reactive part that produces the alternating magnetic flux in the core. Since it is 90° out of phase with the voltage, its power factor is cos 90° = 0. Therefore, the power factor of the magnetizing component is zero. The other options are incorrect because 0.8 lag/lead and unity correspond to currents having real power component, which the pure magnetizing current does not have.
A thermocouple is a transducer
A)
Variable resistance
B)
Voltage generating
C)
Variable inductance
D)
Voltage divider
A thermocouple works on the Seebeck effect: when two dissimilar metals are joined and their junctions are at different temperatures, an EMF is produced. Therefore, it is a self-generating transducer that converts temperature into voltage. It is not a variable resistance, variable inductance, or voltage divider device.
The main importance of ARM micro-processors is providing operation with,
A)
Low cost and low power consumption
B)
Higher degree of multi-tasking
C)
Lower error or glitches
D)
Efficient memory management
ARM microprocessors are widely used because they are designed for energy efficiency and low manufacturing cost. Their architecture is optimized for low power consumption, making them suitable for mobile devices, embedded systems, and battery-operated equipment. The other options are not the main defining advantage of ARM: multitasking depends more on the operating system, memory management is not their primary selling point, and lower glitches is not a standard characteristic used to describe ARM processors.
In a DC chopper, for periodic time T, the output voltage can be controlled by FM by varying
A)
T keeping Ton constant
B)
Ton keeping T constant
C)
T keeping Toff constant
D)
Toff keeping T constant
In frequency modulation (FM) control of a DC chopper, the on-time Ton is kept constant and the period T is varied. Since duty ratio D = Ton/T, changing T changes the average output voltage. Option (b) describes time-ratio control, not FM. Options (c) and (d) are not the standard FM method for chopper output control.
The image (second) channel selectivity of a super heterodyne communication receiver is determined
A)
Antenna and pre-selector
B)
The preselector and RF amplifier
C)
The pre selector and IF amplifier
D)
The RF and IF amplifier
In a superheterodyne receiver, image-channel selectivity is achieved mainly before and at the first frequency conversion stage. The preselector rejects unwanted image frequencies at the input, and the IF amplifier provides the main tuned selectivity at the intermediate frequency. The antenna alone does not provide sufficient selectivity, and the RF amplifier mainly improves sensitivity rather than image rejection. Hence, the correct choice is the preselector and IF amplifier.
In RLC circuits, the current at resonance is
A)
Maximum in parallel resonance and minimum in series resonance
B)
Maximum in series resonance and minimum in parallel resonance
C)
Maximum in both series & parallel resonance
D)
Minimum in both series & parallel resonance
In a series RLC circuit at resonance, the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel, so the impedance becomes minimum and the current is maximum. In a parallel RLC circuit at resonance, the circuit impedance becomes maximum, so the supply current is minimum. Therefore, the current is maximum in series resonance and minimum in parallel resonance.
Catching the earlier train will give us the ...... to do some shopping.
A)
chance
B)
luck
C)
possibility
D)
occasion
The sentence means that by catching the earlier train, we will have an opportunity to do some shopping. The most suitable word is 'chance'. 'Luck' is not appropriate because shopping is not dependent on fortune here. 'Possibility' is too indirect and awkward in this context. 'Occasion' can mean an event or suitable time, but 'chance' is the natural and correct choice.
The power consumed in a circuit element will be least when the phase difference between current & voltage is
A)
180°
B)
90°
C)
60°
D)
0°
Power in an AC circuit element is given by P = VI cos\u03c6, where \u03c6 is the phase difference between voltage and current. For a given V and I, the power is least when cos\u03c6 is minimum. At \u03c6 = 90\u00b0, cos\u03c6 = 0, so the average power consumed is zero, which is the least possible value. At 0\u00b0 power is maximum, at 60\u00b0 it is positive, and at 180\u00b0 the power expression becomes negative for the instantaneous sign convention, not the least consumed in the usual average-power sense.
Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence. 1. Police 2. Punishment 3. Crime 4. Judge 5. Judgement
A)
3, 1, 2, 4, 5
B)
1, 2, 4, 3, 5
C)
5, 4, 3, 2, 1
D)
3, 1, 4, 5, 2
A meaningful sequence follows the usual criminal justice process: first comes a Crime, then the Police investigate/arrest, then the Judge gives the Judgement, and finally Punishment is awarded. So the correct order is 3 → 1 → 4 → 5 → 2. The other options place Punishment or Judgement before the Judge, which is illogical.
In a series resonance circuit, the impedance of the circuit is
A)
Minimum
B)
Maximum
C)
Zero
D)
Infinite
In a series resonance circuit, the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance are equal and cancel each other out. So the circuit impedance becomes purely resistive and takes its minimum value, equal to the resistance only. Hence, the correct answer is Minimum. It is not maximum or infinite; those are not true for series resonance.
A fully controlled thyristor bridge drives a DC motor. The system is capable of
A)
Motoring & braking in both directions
B)
Only motoring in both directions, no braking
C)
Only motoring in forward directions, no braking
D)
None of these
A fully controlled thyristor bridge can provide both positive and negative average DC output voltage by varying the firing angle. In a DC motor drive, this allows operation in all four quadrants when combined with appropriate current direction control: motoring and regenerative braking in both forward and reverse directions. Hence, the system is capable of motoring and braking in both directions. Options (b) and (c) are incorrect because they limit the drive to motoring only, and (d) is therefore also incorrect.