MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following statements regarding DeepSeek is not correct?
A)
It is a Japanese Artificial Intelligence start up that has rivalled global leaders like OpenAI, Google, and Meta.
B)
DeepSeek is a free AI-powered chatbot similar to ChatGPT, providing text-based assistance via web, mobile, and API.
C)
DeepSeek (AI firm) was founded by Liang Wenfeng in May 2023.
D)
Its cost of development is much lower than that of US models.
DeepSeek is a Chinese artificial intelligence company founded by Liang Wenfeng in Hangzhou, China, not a Japanese startup.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
With reference to literary works during the Sultanate period, consider the following pairs:
(i) Al Biruni : Kitab-ul-Hind
(ii) Firoz Shah : Taj-ul-Maathir
(iii) Ibn Battuta : Kitab-ul-Rehla
Which of the above pairs are correct?
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) and (iii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and and (iii)
Al-Biruni wrote 'Kitab-ul-Hind' and Ibn Battuta wrote 'Kitab-ul-Rehla'. 'Taj-ul-Maathir' was composed by Hasan Nizami, not Firoz Shah Tughlaq. Thus, only pairs (i) and (iii) are correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
As per the Government of Mizoram budget of 2025-26, the projected state’s own non-tax revenue is
A)
1257.8 Crore
B)
1115.7 Crore
C)
1475.8 Crore
D)
1138.07 Crore
In the Government of Mizoram Budget for the financial year 2025-26, the projected State's Own Non-Tax Revenue was estimated at Rs. 1,138.07 Crore.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following statements is true of ‘carrying capacity of an ecosystem’?
A)
The number of organisms that can be carried for one year.
B)
The number of endemic species an ecosystem can support without degradation.
C)
The number of organisms of a species that can be sustainably supported.
D)
The number of exotic species that exists in an ecosystem.
Carrying capacity is defined in ecology as the maximum population size of a biological species that a given ecosystem can sustainably support indefinitely without environmental degradation.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
World Environment Day was first observed on-
A)
5th June, 1971
B)
5th June, 1972
C)
5th June, 1973
D)
5th June, 1974
Following the 1972 UN Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment, World Environment Day was first observed globally on 5th June, 1973.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Human trafficking is prohibited by the Indian Constitution through:
A)
Article 21
B)
Article 23
C)
Article 24
D)
Article 32
Article 23 of the Indian Constitution prohibits human trafficking and forced labor.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements regarding the National Human Rights Commission:
(i) The National Human Rights Commission came into force on 12th October 1993 through a Government notification under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
(ii) The National Human Rights Commission investigate complaints of human rights violation or negligence by public servants.
(iii) The National Human Rights Commission promote human rights literacy and awareness.
(iv) The National Human Rights Commission has judicial power to ensure compliance.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
B)
(i), (ii) and (iv)
C)
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D)
(i) and (ii)
Statement (iv) is incorrect because the NHRC does not have judicial powers to ensure compliance; it has recommendatory powers.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which metal was not known to the people of Indus Valley Civilization?
A)
Copper
B)
Bronze
C)
Iron
D)
Gold
The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), which flourished approximately between 3300 BCE and 1300 BCE, is categorized as a 'Bronze Age' civilization.
1. Copper and Bronze: The people of the IVC were proficient in metallurgy. They used copper and created bronze by alloying copper with tin. This is why the era is termed the Bronze Age.
2. Gold: Archaeological excavations at sites like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa have uncovered gold ornaments, beads, and vessels, proving that gold was known and used.
3. Iron: Iron metallurgy developed much later in human history. In the Indian subcontinent, the transition to the Iron Age occurred during the Vedic period (approximately 1200 BCE to 600 BCE). There is no archaeological evidence of iron tools or weapons in any of the Indus Valley sites. Therefore, iron was unknown to the people of the Indus Valley Civilization.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements regarding the Mizoram Universal HealthCare Scheme (MUHCS):
(i) For Contributory Beneficiaries under the Standard Plan, a Premium of Rs. 5000 per family per year allows family to get benefit of 8,00,000/- per family per year in Semi-Private (shared) Ward.
(ii) No contribution from AB PM-JAY beneficiaries is required.
(iii) Provisional Employees under the Government of Mizoram will have to pay monthly contribution of Rs. 100 for General Ward.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
A)
Only (ii)
B)
Only (iii)
C)
Only (i) and (ii)
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
Under the Mizoram Universal HealthCare Scheme (MUHCS), the annual benefit limit under contributory plans is Rs. 5,00,000 (making statement (i) incorrect for stating 8,00,000). AB PM-JAY beneficiaries require no separate contribution (statement (ii) is correct). Thus, Only (ii) is correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Indian monsoon is fundamentally characterized by:
A)
Constant easterly winds
B)
Seasonal reversal of winds
C)
Permanent high-pressure systems
D)
Continuous rainfall throughout the year
The fundamental characteristic of the monsoon climate system over the Indian subcontinent is the complete seasonal reversal of wind directions between summer (Southwest Monsoon) and winter (Northeast Monsoon).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
According to the Central Pollution Control Board, what is the noise limit for residential areas during the day?
A)
50dB
B)
55dB
C)
65dB
D)
70dB
Under the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), the permissible ambient noise limit for residential areas during daytime (6:00 AM to 10:00 PM) is 55 dB(A).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Vedic people primarily worshipped:
A)
Idols
B)
Nature
C)
Buddha
D)
Mahavira
The Early Vedic religion was polytheistic and centered on the worship of personified natural forces (such as Indra for rain/thunder, Agni for fire, Varuna for water/cosmic order, and Surya for the sun) through hymns and sacrifices.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The name Ngaihban Tlang was associated with one of Mizo Zai called-
A)
Laltheri Zai
B)
Awithangpa Zai
C)
Abor Run Zai
D)
German Run Zai
The poetic hill name 'Ngaihban Tlang' is referenced in the traditional Mizo folk song genre 'German Run Zai' (or German Râl Run Zai), composed by the Mizo Labour Corps soldiers deployed to France during World War I.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
According to Mizo mythology, who is the creator of the earth?
A)
Khuavang
B)
Khuazingnu
C)
Vanhrika
D)
Thlanrawkpa
In traditional Mizo mythology, Khuazingnu is revered as the creator and sustainer goddess of the earth, nature, and living things.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Who was appointed as the new Chief of the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) by the Government of India on June 28, 2025, and what is one of his notable achievements?
A)
Ajit Doval; executed Operation Sindoor in Kashmir.
B)
Parag Jain; led Operation Sindoor targeting terror camps.
C)
Arvind Kumar; launched HUMINT surveillance across borders.
D)
Ravi Sinha; initiated hybrid intelligence operations.
Senior IPS officer Parag Jain was appointed Chief of R&AW in 2025, known for spearheading key strategic operations (option b).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?
A)
Ozone
B)
Carbon monoxide
C)
Sulphur oxides
D)
Nitrogen oxides
Ozone is a secondary air pollutant formed by the interaction of other chemicals in the atmosphere, whereas the others are primary.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following is not a feature of ‘carbon credits’?
A)
The system was ratified in conjunction with Kyoto Protocol.
B)
They are traded at a fixed price under the UNEP.
C)
They are awarded to countries that have reduced their greenhouse gas below their emission quota.
D)
The goal is to limit the increase of carbon emission quota.
Step-by-step analysis of the options:
1. **Option (a) is a feature:** Carbon credits were formally established and ratified as part of the Kyoto Protocol (1997), which introduced market-based mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
2. **Option (b) is NOT a feature:** This is the correct answer because carbon credits are NOT traded at a fixed price. They are traded in a market (either compliance markets or voluntary markets) where the price fluctuates based on supply and demand. Furthermore, while the UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) supports environmental goals, the trading mechanisms are governed by specific treaties (like the Kyoto Protocol or the Paris Agreement) and various national/international exchanges, not a fixed-price list managed by UNEP.
3. **Option (c) is a feature:** Carbon credits are essentially permits. If a country or company reduces its emissions below its assigned quota, it earns 'credits' for the surplus reduction, which can then be sold to those exceeding their limits.
4. **Option (d) is a feature:** The overarching goal of the carbon credit system is to create a financial incentive for reducing emissions, thereby limiting the total increase of carbon emissions globally.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : According to the Constitution of India, the same person cannot function as the Governor of two or more States at the same time.
Reason (R) : Article 153 of the Indian Constitution states that there shall be a Governor for each State.
Select the correct answer from the options given below:
A)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
B)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
C)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
D)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
Assertion (A) is false because the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act (1956) amended Article 153 to permit the appointment of the same person as Governor for two or more States. Reason (R) is true as Article 153 provides that there shall be a Governor for each State.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The word Lushai was altered to Mizo with effect from 1.9.1954 by an Act of Parliament No ______ of 1954.
A)
15
B)
16
C)
17
D)
18
The Lushai Hills District was renamed the Mizo District with effect from September 1, 1954, under the Lushai Hills District (Change of Name) Act, 1954 (Act No. 18 of 1954) passed by the Indian Parliament.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Atoms of different elements having the same mass number but different atomic numbers are called-
A)
Isotopes
B)
Isotones
C)
Isobars
D)
Isotherms
Isobars are atoms of different chemical elements that have different atomic numbers (different number of protons) but have the same mass number (same total number of nucleons).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
An ecological succession which begins on a place rich in inorganic contents but poor in organic contents is called-
A)
Autotrophic succession
B)
Heterotrophic succession
C)
Allogenic succession
D)
Secondary succession
Autotrophic succession occurs in an environment rich in inorganic nutrients but lacking organic matter, where green plants (autotrophs) dominate from early stages.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Amphibians of the plant kingdom are-
A)
Algae
B)
Bryophytes
C)
Pteridophytes
D)
Gymnosperms
Bryophytes are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom because they inhabit terrestrial soil but depend strictly on water for the movement of flagellated antherozoids to achieve fertilization.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The earliest composition among the four Vedas is:
A)
Sama Veda
B)
Rig Veda
C)
Yajur Veda
D)
Atharva Veda
The Rig Veda is the oldest and earliest known Vedic Sanskrit text among the four canonical Hindu Vedas, composed around 1500–1200 BCE.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Red light is used in traffic signals because-
A)
it is beautiful
B)
it has the shortest wavelength
C)
it has the longest wavelength
D)
it is visible to people even with bad eyesight
Red light has the longest wavelength among visible colors, which minimizes Rayleigh scattering by atmospheric particles and fog, allowing it to remain visible over the longest distances.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
What is the core message of the United Nations Population Fund’s ‘State of World Population Report 2025’, titled “The Real Fertility Crisis: The Pursuit of Reproductive Agency in a Changing World”?
A)
Fertility rates are stabilizing globally, reducing the need for population-related policies.
B)
The world is heading toward overpopulation due to high fertility rates.
C)
The real crisis lies in individuals’ inability to achieve their reproductive goals due to lack of agency.
D)
The main challenge is population collapse due to declining birth rates.
The UNFPA State of World Population Report 2025 ('The Real Fertility Crisis: The Pursuit of Reproductive Agency in a Changing World') emphasizes that the true crisis is not demographic panic over declining or rising birth rates, but rather the systemic lack of reproductive agency that prevents individuals from achieving their desired family size and reproductive goals.
