MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Western Ghats are also known as:
A)
Shiwaliks
B)
Sahyadri
C)
Vindhyas
D)
Karakoram
The Western Ghats mountain range along the western coast of peninsular India is also commonly known as the Sahyadri range.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Who among the following wrote “Tarikh-i-Shershahi”?
A)
Abbas Khan Sherwani
B)
Mulla Daud
C)
Ziauddin Barni
D)
Nizamuddin Ahmed
The 'Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi' is a significant historical chronicle that provides a detailed account of the reign of Sher Shah Suri, the founder of the Sur Empire in India. It was written by Mulla Daud, who was a contemporary of Sher Shah Suri. The work is highly valued by historians for its descriptions of Sher Shah's administrative reforms, land revenue systems, and military campaigns.
Analysis of other options:
- Abbas Khan Sherwani: He was a modern historian and scholar known for editing and translating historical texts, not the original author of the Tarikh-i-Shershahi.
- Ziauddin Barni: He was a historian of the Delhi Sultanate who wrote 'Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi', focusing on the Tughlaq dynasty.
- Nizamuddin Ahmed: He was a historian who wrote 'Tabaqat-i-Akbari', which provides a history of India up to the reign of Emperor Akbar.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements regarding the expenditure priorities and allocations in the Mizoram Budget 2025-26:
(i) The largest portion of the total estimated expenditure is allocated to the Economic Services Sector, which includes flagship schemes like “Mizoram Bana Kaih”.
(ii) The government has increased the budget for the Health Care Scheme by allocating additional funds from the state’s resources, over and above the revenue typically generated from the State Lottery.
(iii) The allocation for Power Purchase has been increased, while the allocation for Power Subsidy has been reduced for the fiscal year 2025-26 compared to the current year.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(ii) and (iii) only
C)
(i) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
In the Mizoram Budget 2025-26, General Services receives the largest sectoral expenditure allocation (₹6,510.39 crore), making statement (i) incorrect. Statement (ii) is correct as healthcare scheme funds were supplemented from state resources beyond lottery revenue, and statement (iii) is correct as power purchase was increased while power subsidy was reduced.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Constitution (Eighty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 resulted in the insertion of:
A)
Article 21A
B)
Article 17
C)
Article 6
D)
Article 26B
The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A into the Indian Constitution, making free and compulsory education for all children aged 6 to 14 years a Fundamental Right.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
An example of ex-situ conservation is-
A)
Sacred grove
B)
National park
C)
Seed bank
D)
Wildlife sanctuary
Conservation of biodiversity is broadly divided into two categories: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation.
1. **In-situ Conservation (On-site):** This involves protecting species in their natural habitats. Examples include:
- **Sacred groves (Option a):** Community-protected forest patches.
- **National parks (Option b):** Strictly protected areas for wildlife and habitat.
- **Wildlife sanctuaries (Option d):** Areas reserved for the protection of specific species.
2. **Ex-situ Conservation (Off-site):** This involves the removal of germplasm (seeds, pollen, tissues) or individual organisms from their natural habitat to be maintained in an artificial environment. Examples include:
- **Seed banks (Option c):** Where seeds are stored at low temperatures to preserve genetic diversity for the future.
- Other examples include Botanical Gardens, Zoos, and Gene banks.
Therefore, since a seed bank removes the genetic material from the natural environment to a controlled facility, it is a classic example of ex-situ conservation.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Red light is used in traffic signals because-
A)
it is beautiful
B)
it has the shortest wavelength
C)
it has the longest wavelength
D)
it is visible to people even with bad eyesight
The use of red light in traffic signals is based on the physics of light scattering. According to Rayleigh's Law of Scattering, the intensity of scattered light is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength (Intensity ∝ 1/λ⁴). Red light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum (approximately 620–750 nm). Because it has the longest wavelength, it is scattered the least by air molecules, dust, and fog compared to other colors like blue or violet. This allows red light to travel longer distances through the atmosphere and remain visible to drivers even in poor weather conditions (like rain or fog), ensuring safety by providing an early warning to stop.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which period in India’s demographic history is marked by a sharp decline in mortality and persistently high fertility rates?
A)
Phase I (1901–1921)
B)
Phase II (1921–1951)
C)
Phase III (1951–1981)
D)
Phase IV (1981–2001)
In India's demographic history, Phase III (1951–1981) is known as the period of population explosion, characterized by a rapid and sharp decline in mortality rates due to health improvements alongside persistently high fertility rates.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Western Ghats are also known as:
A)
Shiwaliks
B)
Sahyadri
C)
Vindhyas
D)
Karakoram
The Western Ghats, a major mountain range traversing the western coast of peninsular India, are also traditionally known as the Sahyadri mountains.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following statements:
(i) Light can travel through vacuum while sound cannot do so.
(ii) The speed of light in vacuum is a constant.
(iii) Light year is a unit for measuring distance.
Which of the following statements is/are true?
A)
(i) and (ii) only
B)
(i) and (iii) only
C)
(ii) and (iii) only
D)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
All three statements are true: (i) Light is an electromagnetic wave and can travel through a vacuum, whereas sound is a mechanical wave requiring a material medium; (ii) The speed of light in a vacuum (c ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s) is a fundamental physical constant; (iii) A light year is defined as the distance light travels in one year in a vacuum (~9.46 × 10¹² km), making it a unit of distance.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following is not a feature of ‘carbon credits’?
A)
The system was ratified in conjunction with Kyoto Protocol.
B)
They are traded at a fixed price under the UNEP.
C)
They are awarded to countries that have reduced their greenhouse gas below their emission quota.
D)
The goal is to limit the increase of carbon emission quota.
Carbon credits are not traded at a fixed price by the UNEP; they operate on a market-based system where prices fluctuate based on demand and supply.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following pairs:
(i) JH Lorrain : Pu Buanga
(ii) E. Rowlands : Zosaphluia
(iii) DE Jones : Sap upa
(iv) TH Lewin : Thangliana
(v) FW Savidge : Zosapthara
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
A)
only (i), (ii) & (iv) are correct
B)
(i), (ii), (iii) & (iv) are correct
C)
only (i) & (iv) are correct
D)
(i), (iii), (iv) & (v) are correct
In Mizo history: (i) J.H. Lorrain was Pu Buanga and (iv) T.H. Lewin was Thangliana (both correct). However, F.W. Savidge was Sap Upa, D.E. Jones was Zosaphluia, and Edwin Rowlands was Zosapthara. Thus, only (i) and (iv) are correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which district in Mizoram ranked highest in NITI Aayog second edition of the North Eastern Region District SDG Index 2023-24?
A)
Champhai
B)
Serchhip
C)
Hnahthial
D)
Aizawl
In the second edition of the North Eastern Region (NER) District SDG Index (2023-24) released by NITI Aayog, Hnahthial district in Mizoram secured the 1st rank across the entire North Eastern Region with a top composite score of 81.43.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which one of the following describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms?
A)
Ecotone
B)
Home Range
C)
Habitat
D)
Ecological niche
An ecological niche encompasses both the physical habitat that a species occupies and its functional role, behaviors, and ecological interactions within the biological community.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
According to Mizo mythology, who is the creator of the earth?
A)
Khuavang
B)
Khuazingnu
C)
Vanhrika
D)
Thlanrawkpa
In traditional Mizo mythology, Khuazingnu (also revered as Khuanu) is recognized as the benevolent creator goddess who formed the earth, vegetation, and all living things.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Indian monsoon is fundamentally characterized by:
A)
Constant easterly winds
B)
Seasonal reversal of winds
C)
Permanent high-pressure systems
D)
Continuous rainfall throughout the year
The defining meteorological characteristic of the Indian monsoon system is the complete seasonal reversal of prevailing wind patterns between summer (South-West) and winter (North-East).
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?
A)
Ozone
B)
Carbon monoxide
C)
Sulphur oxides
D)
Nitrogen oxides
Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly but formed in the atmosphere through chemical reactions between primary pollutants. Tropospheric (ground-level) ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds react in the presence of sunlight.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Suicidal bag of the cell is-
I. ribosomes
II. suicidal bag contains hydrolytic enzymes
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A)
Only I is correct
B)
Only II is correct
C)
Both I and II are correct
D)
Both I and II are not correct
Lysosomes are called the suicidal bags of the cell because they contain hydrolytic enzymes that can digest the cell if it is damaged. Ribosomes are protein synthesis sites, not suicidal bags.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The phenomenon where a person is employed below their skill level is known as:
A)
Structural unemployment
B)
Frictional unemployment
C)
Cyclical unemployment
D)
Underemployment
Underemployment is an economic condition where individuals are employed in jobs that do not fully utilize their skills, qualifications, or experience, or work fewer hours than desired.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Consider the following with regard to the writ of Certiorari-
(i) Writ of certiorari is issued both during the pendency of proceedings and after the order or decision has been announced.
(ii) It is issued only during the pendency of proceedings.
(iii) It is issued against legal bodies.
(iv) It is issued only after the order or decision has been announced.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A)
(i) and (iii)
B)
(ii) and (iii)
C)
(iii) and (iv)
D)
(i) only
The writ of Certiorari is a curative remedy issued against legal and judicial/quasi-judicial bodies to quash an order or decision that has already been announced, unlike Prohibition which operates during pendency. Thus, statements (iii) and (iv) are correct.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Human trafficking is prohibited by the Indian Constitution through:
A)
Article 21
B)
Article 23
C)
Article 24
D)
Article 32
Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Analysis of Article 23: Article 23 of the Indian Constitution explicitly prohibits 'traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour'. It is a Fundamental Right under the category of 'Right against Exploitation'.
2. Analysis of Option (a) Article 21: This article guarantees the 'Protection of Life and Personal Liberty'. While human trafficking violates personal liberty, the specific prohibition of trafficking is codified in Article 23.
3. Analysis of Option (c) Article 24: This article prohibits the employment of children (below 14 years of age) in factories, mines, or hazardous occupations. While this is also a 'Right against Exploitation', it focuses specifically on child labor rather than general human trafficking.
4. Analysis of Option (d) Article 32: This is the 'Right to Constitutional Remedies', which allows citizens to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. It is a mechanism for enforcement, not the specific prohibition of trafficking.
Conclusion: Article 23 is the specific constitutional provision that prohibits human trafficking.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following statements regarding DeepSeek is not correct?
A)
It is a Japanese Artificial Intelligence start up that has rivalled global leaders like OpenAI, Google, and Meta.
B)
DeepSeek is a free AI-powered chatbot similar to ChatGPT, providing text-based assistance via web, mobile, and API.
C)
DeepSeek (AI firm) was founded by Liang Wenfeng in May 2023.
D)
Its cost of development is much lower than that of US models.
DeepSeek is a Chinese, not Japanese, AI company. The other statements are generally accepted facts about the firm.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Who among the following wrote “Tarikh-i-Shershahi”?
A)
Abbas Khan Sherwani
B)
Mulla Daud
C)
Ziauddin Barni
D)
Nizamuddin Ahmed
Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi was authored by Abbas Khan Sherwani.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
Which of the following is not a part of Article 20 of the Constitution of India?
A)
Prohibition against Torture
B)
Prohibition against Self Incrimination
C)
Ex-post Facto Law
D)
Double Jeopardy Clause
Article 20 of the Indian Constitution encompasses: (1) protection against ex-post facto laws, (2) protection against double jeopardy, and (3) protection against self-incrimination. Prohibition against torture is recognized under Article 21, not Article 20.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
What are the three tiers of the Panchayati Raj system in India?
A)
Block, District, State
B)
Grassroot, District, State
C)
Local, District, Region
D)
Village, Block, District
The Panchayati Raj System in India is a three-tier structure of local self-government introduced to ensure democratic decentralization. This structure was formally constitutionalized by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992. The three tiers are: 1. Gram Panchayat (Village level) - the lowest tier; 2. Panchayat Samiti (Block/Intermediate level) - the middle tier; and 3. Zila Parishad (District level) - the highest tier.
Analysis of options:
- Option (a) is incorrect because 'State' is not a tier of the Panchayati Raj system; it is the governing body above the local government.
- Option (b) is incorrect because 'Grassroot' is a descriptive term for the village level, and 'State' is not part of the PR system.
- Option (c) is incorrect because 'Region' is not a defined tier in the standard three-tier PR model.
- Option (d) is correct as it accurately lists the Village, Block, and District levels.
MCSCCE • 2025 • Paper-I
The Conference of Chiefs of Mizo in April, 1942 held at Aizawl declared war on:
A)
Japan
B)
Germany
C)
France
D)
Assam
During World War II, the Lushai Hills (now Mizoram) were strategically important due to their proximity to the Burma border. In April 1942, a Conference of Mizo Chiefs was convened in Aizawl. Given the escalating threat of the Japanese invasion of Burma and the potential threat to the Indian frontier, the Mizo Chiefs formally declared their support for the British Empire and declared war on Japan. This move demonstrated the loyalty of the local leadership to the British administration during the crisis of the Second World War. Options b (Germany) and c (France) were not the immediate regional threats, and option d (Assam) was part of the same administrative region of British India, making it an illogical target for war.
