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Past Questions — 2025
The Collector having determined the total compensation to be paid, shall, to arrive at the final award, impose a “Solatium” amount equivalent to _________ of the compensation amount.
A)
50 %
B)
100 %
C)
25 %
D)
75 %
Under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013), the 'Solatium' is an additional amount paid to the land owner as compensation for the compulsory nature of the acquisition. According to Section 30(1) of the Act, the Collector, after determining the market value of the land and other entitlements, shall impose a Solatium amount equivalent to 100% of the total compensation amount. This means the land owner receives an amount equal to the total compensation as a bonus. Therefore, option (b) is correct, while options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect as they do not align with the statutory requirement of the 2013 Act.
Issue of Land Settlement Certificate for residential purposes is to be preceded by:
A)
Periodic patta
B)
Land Lease
C)
Land pass for House site
D)
Stall Pass
In the land administration system of Mizoram, the process of granting a permanent Land Settlement Certificate (Patta) for residential purposes typically follows a phased approach to ensure the land is being utilized for the intended purpose. A 'Land Pass for House site' is an interim document or a preliminary permission granted to an individual to occupy a specific plot of land for constructing a residence. Once the conditions of the land pass are met (such as the actual construction of the house and verification of possession), the authority proceeds to issue the formal Land Settlement Certificate.
- Option (a) 'Periodic patta' is a type of tenure, not a preceding document for the initial settlement process.
- Option (b) 'Land Lease' refers to a contractual agreement for a specific term, which is distinct from the settlement process for residential ownership.
- Option (d) 'Stall Pass' is related to commercial or market vending spaces, not residential land settlement.
In respect of Agriculture Land Certificate, failure to utilize _________ of the land area will be deemed to be diversion of land from intended purpose.
A)
70 %
B)
60 %
C)
20 %
D)
30 %
Under the land administration rules and guidelines pertaining to Agricultural Land Certificates (ALC) in Mizoram, the land is granted specifically for agricultural purposes. To prevent land speculation and ensure the land is used for its intended purpose, the government mandates a minimum utilization threshold. According to the prevailing norms, if a holder fails to utilize 30% of the allotted land area for agricultural activities, it is legally deemed as a 'diversion of land from intended purpose.' This allows the government to initiate proceedings for the cancellation of the certificate or the recovery of the land. Options a, b, and c are incorrect as they do not align with the specific percentage threshold defined in the land utilization guidelines for ALC holders.
The area of house site per household to be allotted will not exceed:
A)
1337.60 square meter
B)
1337.50 square meter
C)
1337.30 square meter
D)
1337.80 square meter
According to the land allotment rules and guidelines applicable in Mizoram (specifically regarding the allotment of house sites to households), the maximum permissible area for a house site per household is capped at 1337.60 square meters. This specific figure is derived from the conversion of traditional measurements or specific policy mandates set by the state government to ensure equitable distribution of land. Options b, c, and d are incorrect as they provide slightly different numerical values that do not align with the official statutory limit defined in the land allotment regulations.
Which of the following class of land holder is given a specified tenure to occupy certain parcel of land for a specific purpose like industry, educational institution etc?
A)
Pass holder
B)
Periodic Patta holder
C)
Lease holder
D)
Land Settlement Certificate holder
In land tenure systems, particularly within the administrative framework of Mizoram and similar land revenue systems, a 'Lease holder' is an individual or entity granted the right to occupy and use a specific parcel of land for a defined period (tenure) and for a specific purpose. This is commonly used for non-agricultural purposes such as establishing industries, educational institutions, or commercial ventures, where the land remains the property of the government but is leased out under specific terms and conditions.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Pass holder: A 'pass' is typically a permit for movement or temporary access, not a land tenure classification for institutional occupancy.
- b. Periodic Patta holder: A Patta is a land deed. Periodic Pattas are generally related to agricultural land tenure where rights are renewed periodically, rather than being specifically designated for industrial or institutional purposes.
- d. Land Settlement Certificate holder: This generally refers to the recognition of ownership or occupancy rights after a settlement process, which is broader and more permanent than a purpose-specific lease.
In case of land being left uncultivated or undeveloped, the land holder shall be liable to pay _________ of land revenue for the initial 2 years.
A)
Fifteen times of Normal rate
B)
Seven times of normal rate
C)
Normal rate
D)
Twenty five times of normal rate
Under the land revenue laws applicable in Mizoram (and similar land revenue frameworks), when land is granted or held, there is typically a grace period or a specific provision regarding land that remains uncultivated or undeveloped. For the initial period (usually the first 2 years), the land holder is generally required to pay the 'Normal rate' of land revenue. Penalties or increased rates (such as multiplied rates) are typically imposed only after this initial period expires if the land holder continues to fail in their obligation to cultivate or develop the land. Therefore, for the initial 2 years, the liability remains at the normal rate.
Every Property Card holder shall have:
A)
Right of use in any special purposes as an agent of the Government
B)
Permanent, heritable and transferable rights
C)
Right of use and occupancy
D)
Temporary right, title, interest and possession
In the context of Land Tenure and the implementation of the Record of Rights (RoR) or Property Cards (often associated with the Land Titling systems in India and specifically within the administrative framework of Mizoram's land reforms), a Property Card serves as a conclusive evidence of title. Unlike a simple occupancy certificate or a lease, a Property Card is designed to provide the holder with full ownership rights. These rights are: 1. Permanent (not subject to a fixed term), 2. Heritable (can be passed to legal heirs), and 3. Transferable (can be sold, gifted, or mortgaged). Option (a) describes an agency role, (c) describes limited occupancy rights (similar to a tenant), and (d) describes temporary interests, none of which align with the purpose of a formal Property Card/Title deed.
No land shall be processed for allotment in favour of a person below the age of _________.
A)
20 years
B)
12 years
C)
15 years
D)
18 years
In the context of land allotment and administrative law in India (and specifically within the guidelines followed by the Mizoram government for land allotment), the legal capacity to enter into a contract or hold property in one's own name generally requires the individual to be a major. According to the Indian Majority Act, 1875, a person is considered to have attained majority upon completing 18 years of age. Therefore, land cannot be processed for allotment to a minor; the applicant must be at least 18 years old to be legally eligible for the allotment process. Options a, b, and c are incorrect as they do not align with the legal definition of adulthood/majority required for land ownership and legal agreements.
In cases of urgency, before taking possession of any land under Section 40 (1) or (2), the Collector shall tender payment of_________of the compensation for such land as estimated by him to the person interested.
A)
70 %
B)
50 %
C)
80 %
D)
100 %
The question refers to the 'Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013'. Under Section 40, which deals with the 'Special powers in cases of urgency', the government may dispense with certain procedures to acquire land quickly. Specifically, Section 40(2) mandates that before taking possession of the land under the urgency clause, the Collector must tender payment of 80% of the compensation for such land, as estimated by the Collector, to the person interested. This ensures that the landowner receives a substantial portion of the estimated value immediately, even though the final award may be determined later. Options a (70%), b (50%), and d (100%) are incorrect as they do not align with the statutory requirement specified in the Act.
The _________will be an Apex Board for accepting and recommending a project in a holistic manner.
A)
Land Committee
B)
Land Bank
C)
Mizoram Public Investment Board
D)
Collector
In the context of land administration and project approval in Mizoram, the Mizoram Public Investment Board (MPIB) serves as the apex body responsible for the scrutiny, acceptance, and recommendation of projects. Its role is to ensure that projects are evaluated in a holistic manner—considering financial viability, land availability, and strategic alignment—before they are approved for implementation.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Land Committee: These are typically lower-level bodies that handle specific land disputes or local allocations, not apex project approval boards.
- b. Land Bank: A land bank is a repository of available land for future development, not a decision-making board for project recommendations.
- d. Collector: The District Collector is the executive head of land administration at the district level and implements decisions, but does not act as the 'Apex Board' for holistic project recommendation.
The appropriate Government shall require the authority conducting the Social Impact Assessment study to prepare a:
A)
Preliminary Notification
B)
State Monitoring plan
C)
Solatium
D)
Social Impact Management Plan
Under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013), the Social Impact Assessment (SIA) process is mandatory. According to the Act, the authority conducting the SIA study is required to prepare a 'Social Impact Management Plan' (SIMP). This plan outlines the measures to be taken to mitigate the adverse impacts identified during the SIA and details the rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R) entitlements for the affected families.
Why other options are incorrect:
- (a) Preliminary Notification: This is a formal notice issued by the Government under Section 11 of the Act to initiate the acquisition process, not a document prepared by the SIA authority.
- (b) State Monitoring plan: While monitoring exists, the specific statutory document required as a result of the SIA study is the SIMP.
- (c) Solatium: This refers to the additional compensation paid to the landowner for the compulsory nature of the acquisition (usually 100% of the market value), not a plan or report.
“Market value” means the value of land determined in accordance with:
A)
Section 41
B)
Section 26
C)
Section 29
D)
Section 33
Under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013), the determination of the market value of the land is specifically governed by Section 26.
Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Section 26 of the Act outlines the criteria for determining the market value of the land, requiring the Collector to consider factors such as the minimum land value specified for planning purposes by the Government, the average sale price for similar types of land, and the nature of the land.
2. Option (a) Section 41 relates to the 'Special provision for land acquisition for specific projects' or related administrative procedures, not the definition/determination of market value.
3. Option (c) Section 29 deals with the 'Determination of award' and the calculation of the final compensation amount (which includes the market value plus solatium and other factors), but the actual 'market value' itself is determined under Section 26.
4. Option (d) Section 33 relates to the 'Payment of compensation' and the procedure for payment, not the valuation of the land.
Application for renewal of Land Lease shall be submitted to Revenue Department _________ before expiry of land lease.
A)
6 months
B)
8 months
C)
3 months
D)
2 months
According to the land lease regulations and guidelines administered by the Revenue Department of the Government of Mizoram, an application for the renewal of a land lease must be submitted at least 6 months before the date of expiry of the existing lease. This timeframe is mandated to allow the department sufficient time to conduct necessary inspections, verify the utilization of the land for the purpose for which it was leased, and process the administrative approvals required for renewal. Options b, c, and d are incorrect as they do not align with the statutory notice period required by the Revenue Department for lease renewal processing.
The Third Schedule to ‘The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013’ relates to:
A)
Provision of Infrastructural amenities
B)
Provision of housing units in case of displacement
C)
One time Resettlement Allowance
D)
Market value of land
The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013) contains several schedules that detail the implementation of rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R).
1. The Third Schedule specifically outlines the 'Infrastructural Facilities' that must be provided in the resettlement area. This includes amenities such as roads, drainage, drinking water, electricity, schools, health centers, and community centers to ensure that displaced families have a standard of living comparable to their previous location.
2. Why other options are incorrect:
- Option (b): Housing units are discussed within the R&R entitlements (Second Schedule), but the specific list of infrastructural amenities for the colony/area is the focus of the Third Schedule.
- Option (c): The Resettlement Allowance is a monetary entitlement listed under the Second Schedule.
- Option (d): The Market Value of land is determined based on the procedures laid out in Section 26 of the Act, not in the Third Schedule.
The First Schedule to ‘The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013’ relates to:
A)
Compensation for land owners
B)
Provision for Infrastructural Amenities
C)
Voluntary acquisition of land
D)
National Monitoring Committee for Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Under 'The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013', the Schedules outline specific requirements for the implementation of the Act. The First Schedule specifically details the 'Provision for Infrastructural Amenities' that must be provided in the resettlement area to ensure that displaced families are properly rehabilitated. These amenities typically include roads, drainage, drinking water, electricity, schools, health centers, and other basic civic facilities.
Why other options are incorrect:
- Option (a): Compensation for land owners is governed by the main body of the Act (specifically Chapter IV) and the Second Schedule (which deals with the calculation of compensation).
- Option (c): Voluntary acquisition is a process described within the sections of the Act, not a specific schedule.
- Option (d): The National Monitoring Committee is an administrative body established under the provisions of the Act (Section 45), not the subject of the First Schedule.
Under ‘The Mizoram (Prevention of Public Land Encroachment) Act, 2001’, Revenue Officer shall make assessment of penal rent to be paid by such person as mentioned in Section 4 for the _________ of such encroachment.
A)
Whole period
B)
1/2 period
C)
1/3 period
D)
1/4 period
Under 'The Mizoram (Prevention of Public Land Encroachment) Act, 2001', specifically within the provisions relating to the assessment of penal rent (Section 4), the law empowers the Revenue Officer to determine the amount of penal rent payable by an encroacher. The legal mandate is to assess this rent for the entire duration during which the public land was illegally occupied. Therefore, the assessment is made for the 'whole period' of such encroachment to ensure that the state recovers the full value of the land's use during the period of unauthorized possession. Options b, c, and d (1/2, 1/3, or 1/4 period) are incorrect as they would imply a partial waiver of the penal rent, which is not provided for in the standard assessment procedure of this Act.
“Authority” means the Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority established under:
A)
Section 27
B)
Section 30
C)
Section 47
D)
Section 51
Under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013), the 'Authority' refers to the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority. This specific body is established under Section 51 of the Act. The purpose of this Authority is to adjudicate disputes relating to the determination of compensation, the apportionment of compensation, and other matters related to rehabilitation and resettlement.
Breakdown of other options:
- Section 27 deals with the 'Notice to persons interested' regarding the award.
- Section 30 deals with the 'Award of Collector'.
- Section 47 deals with the 'Payment of compensation' and the process of depositing money in court if the person is not available.
- Section 51 explicitly mandates the State Government to establish the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority.
Allotment of land for agricultural purposes in the first instance shall be made on _________ subject to the recommendation of Land Committee.
A)
Shop Pass
B)
House site
C)
Periodic Patta
D)
Agricultural Land Certificate
In the context of land administration in Mizoram, specifically regarding the allotment of agricultural land, the government utilizes a system of 'Pattas' (land titles). According to the land allotment rules, agricultural land is not granted as a permanent freehold title immediately. Instead, it is first allotted on a 'Periodic Patta' basis. A Periodic Patta is a leasehold title granted for a specific period, which can be renewed or converted based on the landholder's adherence to the terms of use and the recommendations of the Land Committee.
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Shop Pass: This is not a land tenure document; it generally refers to permits for commercial activities.
- b. House site: This refers to the purpose of the land (residential) rather than the legal instrument of allotment.
- d. Agricultural Land Certificate: While certificates may exist, the legal instrument for the 'allotment' of land rights in this administrative framework is the Patta.
Where land proposed to be acquired is equal to or more than _________, the appropriate Government shall constitute a Committee under the chairmanship of the Collector to be called the Rehabilitation and Resettlement Committee.
A)
50 acres
B)
100 acres
C)
60 acres
D)
80 acres
According to the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013), specifically under the provisions relating to Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R), the appropriate Government is required to constitute a Rehabilitation and Resettlement Committee. The statutory threshold for the mandatory constitution of this Committee, chaired by the Collector, is when the land proposed to be acquired is equal to or more than 100 acres. This committee is tasked with overseeing the implementation of R&R schemes and ensuring that affected families are properly compensated and resettled. Options a, c, and d are incorrect as they do not align with the specific numerical threshold defined in the Act.
The Government may levy a _________ on account of allotment of land for agriculture and non-agriculture purposes.
A)
Redemption fee
B)
Premium
C)
Process fee
D)
Land Recording fee
In land revenue administration and land laws (specifically within the context of land allotment in Mizoram and similar jurisdictions), a 'Premium' is a one-time lump sum payment charged by the government at the time of allotting land to an individual or entity for either agricultural or non-agricultural purposes. This is distinct from 'Land Revenue' (which is a recurring annual tax).
Why other options are incorrect:
- a. Redemption fee: This usually refers to the cost of buying back a mortgaged property or clearing a debt, not a fee for initial allotment.
- c. Process fee: This is typically a nominal administrative charge for the processing of an application or legal paperwork, not the primary levy for the land itself.
- d. Land Recording fee: This is a fee paid for the administrative act of updating land records, surveys, or mutations, rather than a levy for the allotment of the land.
Allotment of Land Lease beyond _________ shall be in exceptional and justifiable grounds and shall also require the recommendation of Public Investment Board.
A)
90 bighas
B)
70 bighas
C)
80 bighas
D)
60 bighas
According to the land allotment and lease policies applicable in Mizoram (specifically those governing industrial and commercial land leases), there is a prescribed ceiling for standard allotments. For allotments exceeding 90 bighas, the process becomes more stringent. Such requests are treated as exceptional cases and must be supported by justifiable grounds. Furthermore, because large-scale land allotments often involve significant capital investment and economic impact, the recommendation of the Public Investment Board (PIB) is mandatory to ensure the viability and necessity of the project before the government grants the lease. Options b, c, and d are incorrect as they do not align with the specific threshold established in the state's land administration guidelines for PIB intervention.
Tenure of Land lease for Religious places other than place of worship is:
A)
25 years
B)
50 years
C)
15 years
D)
99 years
Under the land lease and allotment regulations applicable in Mizoram (specifically governed by the Land Revenue and Land Reforms acts/rules), different tenures are prescribed based on the purpose of the land use. For religious purposes, a distinction is often made between a 'place of worship' (which may be granted on a perpetual or longer lease) and 'religious places other than place of worship' (such as religious schools, ashrams, or administrative offices of a religious body). For the latter category, the standard tenure for the land lease is 50 years. Options a (25 years) and c (15 years) are typically associated with temporary commercial or residential allotments, while d (99 years) is generally reserved for specific long-term industrial or institutional grants.
Under ‘The Mizoram (Prevention of Public Land Encroachment) Act, 2001’, any person or group of persons or institution or organization or public or private entity who willfully aids, abets or encourages any unauthorized occupation or illegal encroachment of any public land shall, on conviction, be liable to:
A)
Imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months
B)
Imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months
C)
Imprisonment for a term not exceeding 9 months
D)
Imprisonment for a term not exceeding 1 month
Under 'The Mizoram (Prevention of Public Land Encroachment) Act, 2001', the law provides penalties for both the actual encroacher and those who facilitate the encroachment. Specifically, the Act stipulates that any person, group, institution, or entity that willfully aids, abets, or encourages the unauthorized occupation or illegal encroachment of public land is subject to criminal liability. Upon conviction, the prescribed penalty for such an offense is imprisonment for a term which may extend to 6 months, or a fine, or both. Therefore, option (b) is the correct legal provision. Options (a), (c), and (d) provide timeframes that do not align with the statutory penalty defined in the Act for aiding and abetting encroachment.
Tenure of Land lease for Non Government educational institutions or warehouse, cold storage, oil depot or industries etc is:
A)
99 years
B)
10 years
C)
25 years
D)
50 years
Under the land administration and lease policies applicable in Mizoram (specifically regarding the allotment of land for non-government institutional and industrial purposes), the standard tenure for land leases granted to non-government educational institutions, warehouses, cold storages, oil depots, and industries is typically 50 years. This duration is designed to provide long-term stability for capital-intensive projects while ensuring the state retains ultimate ownership of the land. Options a (99 years) is generally reserved for very specific long-term settlements or rare concessions; option b (10 years) and c (25 years) are typically associated with short-term agricultural leases or temporary permits, which are insufficient for the infrastructure requirements of industries or educational institutions.
Under which section of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, can a court transfer a suit from one court to another?
A)
Section 22
B)
Section 23
C)
Section 24
D)
Section 25
The Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), 1908, provides several mechanisms for the transfer of suits.
1. **Section 24 (General power of transfer and withdrawal):** This section grants general powers to the High Court and the District Court to transfer any suit, appeal, or proceeding from one subordinate court to another, or to withdraw a case to itself. This is the primary section governing the court's power to transfer a suit.
2. **Section 22 & 23:** These sections deal with the 'Power of transfer' specifically in cases where a suit could be instituted in more than one court (concurrency of jurisdiction). Section 22 allows a defendant to request a transfer to a court where the plaintiff also has a cause of action, and Section 23 provides the rules for determining which court should handle the transfer.
3. **Section 25:** This section deals with the power of the 'Supreme Court' to transfer suits, appeals, or other proceedings from a High Court or Civil Court in one State to a High Court or Civil Court in another State in the interest of justice.
Since the question asks generally under which section a court (referring to the general administrative power of High Courts/District Courts) can transfer a suit, Section 24 is the correct answer.