← MES Jr. Grade
Past Questions
According to a recent report published by the Union Home Ministry, the two most peaceful state in the North East during 2017 are-
A)
Mizoram and Assam
B)
Mizoram and Meghalaya
C)
Mizoram and Nagaland
D)
Mizoram and Tripura
The correct answer is **Mizoram and Meghalaya**. According to the Union Home Ministry’s report for 2017, these two states were identified as the most peaceful in the North East, reflecting comparatively lower levels of insurgency and law-and-order disturbances.
Why the others are incorrect:
- **a) Mizoram and Assam**: Assam had more security and insurgency-related issues than Meghalaya, so it was not among the two most peaceful states.
- **c) Mizoram and Nagaland**: Nagaland also had significant insurgency-related concerns in 2017, making it less peaceful than Meghalaya.
- **d) Mizoram and Tripura**: Tripura had improved security conditions, but it was not ranked among the top two most peaceful states in that report.
Therefore, the correct option is **b**.
The book “Exam Warriors” has been authored by which union minister?
A)
Narendra Modi
B)
Prakash Javadekar
C)
Piyush Goyal
D)
Maneka Gandhi
The correct answer is **a) Narendra Modi**. The book **"Exam Warriors"** was authored by **Narendra Modi**, who was the Prime Minister of India and not a union minister. It is a motivational book aimed at helping students deal with exam stress.
Why the others are incorrect:
- **b) Prakash Javadekar**: He is a former Union Minister, but he did not author this book.
- **c) Piyush Goyal**: He is a Union Minister, but he is not the author of *Exam Warriors*.
- **d) Maneka Gandhi**: She is also a former Union Minister, but she did not write this book.
Therefore, the correct option is **a**.
The scientist who first discovered that the earth revolves round the sun was:
A)
Newton
B)
Dalton
C)
Copernicus
D)
Einstein
Copernicus is the correct answer because he proposed the heliocentric model, which states that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun. This was the first major scientific explanation of the Sun-centered solar system. Newton is known for laws of motion and gravitation, Dalton for atomic theory, and Einstein for relativity; none of them first discovered the Earth’s revolution around the Sun.
Which is the largest gulf in the world?
A)
The Gulf of Cambay
B)
The Gulf of Mexico
C)
The Persian Gulf
D)
The strait of Hormuz
The Gulf of Mexico is the largest gulf in the world by area, so option b is correct. The Persian Gulf is also a major gulf, but it is smaller than the Gulf of Mexico. The Gulf of Cambay (Gulf of Khambhat) is much smaller and is only a regional gulf in India. The Strait of Hormuz is not a gulf at all; it is a narrow strait connecting the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman.
Which state government launches Water ATM policy for urban areas recently?
A)
Telangana
B)
Haryana
C)
Tamilnadu
D)
Maharashtra
Telangana is the correct answer. The Telangana state government had recently announced/introduced a Water ATM policy for urban areas to provide safe drinking water through automated dispensing units in cities. The other options are incorrect because Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Haryana were not the state specifically associated with launching this urban Water ATM policy in the referenced current-affairs context.
The scientists of which country have developed the world’s first artificial intelligence politician “SAM”?
A)
France
B)
Italy
C)
New Zealand
D)
South Africa
The correct answer is **New Zealand**. Scientists in New Zealand developed the world’s first artificial intelligence politician, called **SAM** (short for *Synthetic Autonomous Member*), which was created to interact with people and discuss policy issues.
Why the other options are incorrect:
- **France**: No widely reported development of AI politician SAM is associated with France.
- **South Africa**: South Africa is not the country credited with creating SAM.
- **Italy**: Italy is also not the country where SAM was developed.
Therefore, the correct option is **c) New Zealand**.
Which of the following is regarded as the real founder of Portuguese power in India?
A)
Vasco da Gama
B)
Alfonso de Albuquerque
C)
Pedro Cabral
D)
Almeida
Alfonso de Albuquerque is regarded as the real founder of Portuguese power in India because he established and consolidated Portuguese territorial and naval dominance, especially by capturing Goa in 1510 and strengthening key strategic positions along the Indian Ocean trade routes. Vasco da Gama (a) was the first Portuguese to reach India by sea, but he did not build Portuguese power there. Pedro Cabral (c) is known for discovering Brazil and also reaching India, but not for founding Portuguese rule in India. Almeida (d), Francisco de Almeida, was the first Portuguese viceroy in India and strengthened Portuguese naval policy, but Albuquerque is credited with laying the real foundations of Portuguese empire in India.
The biggest island of the world is:
A)
Greenland
B)
Sri Lanka
C)
Indonesia
D)
Iceland
Greenland is the largest island in the world by area, so option (a) is correct. Iceland is much smaller, Sri Lanka is an island nation but not the largest island, and Indonesia is an archipelago (a group of many islands), not a single island.
What is also known as Hidden Tax in the concept of economics?
A)
Direct tax
B)
Indirect tax
C)
Inflation
D)
Devaluation
Indirect tax is also called a "hidden tax" because it is not paid directly to the government by the person who ultimately bears the burden. It is usually included in the price of goods and services, so the consumer pays it indirectly. Direct tax is not hidden because it is paid straight to the government by the taxpayer. Inflation is a general rise in prices, not a tax. Devaluation is a reduction in the value of a currency, which is also not a tax.
Which of the following is also known as the ‘Great Circle’?
A)
Tropic of Cancer
B)
Tropic of Capricorn
C)
Equator
D)
Pacific Ring of Fire
The Equator is also called a Great Circle because it is a circle on the Earth whose plane passes through the center of the Earth, dividing it into two equal hemispheres. The Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn are small circles, not great circles, because they do not pass through the Earth's center. The Pacific Ring of Fire is not a circle of latitude at all; it is a tectonically active zone around the Pacific Ocean.
In baseball, the two opposing teams consist of -
A)
10 players each
B)
9 players each
C)
8 players each
D)
7 players each
In baseball, each team fields 9 players at a time, so the two opposing teams consist of 9 players each. Therefore, option (b) is correct. The other options are incorrect because baseball does not use 7, 8, or 10 players per team in standard play.
Which word was declared as the Oxford Dictionary word of the year 2018?
A)
Youthquake
B)
Misinformation
C)
Toxic
D)
Gaslighting
The correct answer is **d) Gaslighting**. Oxford Dictionaries selected **"gaslighting"** as the Word of the Year for 2018, reflecting its rising use in discussions about manipulation and psychological abuse. The other options are incorrect because **"youthquake"** was Oxford’s Word of the Year in 2017, **"toxic"** was not the 2018 winner, and **"misinformation"** was not Oxford’s 2018 Word of the Year.
The first country to introduce plastic currency in the world-
A)
France
B)
Italy
C)
Australia
D)
Canada
Australia is the correct answer. It was the first country in the world to introduce plastic (polymer) currency, beginning with the Reserve Bank of Australia’s polymer banknotes in 1988. These notes were developed to improve durability and security compared with paper notes. Italy, Canada, and France are incorrect because they did not introduce plastic currency first; Canada later adopted polymer banknotes, while Italy and France are not known as the first introducers of plastic currency.
Which of the following is ‘MAL Book of The Year 2017’?
A)
Aizawlah Aizawler
B)
Savun Kawrfual
C)
Ka zalenna
D)
Kawlkil piah lamtluang
‘Aizawlah Aizawler’ is the book that was awarded the MAL (Mizo Academy of Letters) Book of the Year 2017. The other titles—‘Kawlkil piah lamtluang’, ‘Ka zalenna’, and ‘Savun Kawrfual’—were not the MAL Book of the Year for 2017, so they are incorrect choices.
The long form of THAAD, a missile defense system of the US -
A)
Terminal Higher Altitude Area Defence
B)
Terminal High Altitude Area Defence
C)
Trinity High Altitude Area Defence
D)
Total High Altitude Area Defence
THAAD stands for Terminal High Altitude Area Defense. It is a U.S. missile defense system designed to intercept short-, medium-, and intermediate-range ballistic missiles during their terminal phase. Therefore, option b is correct. The other options are incorrect because 'Trinity,' 'Higher,' and 'Total' are not part of the official acronym expansion of THAAD.
The full form of PURA:
A)
Providing Urban Amenities in rural Areas
B)
Providing Urban & Rural Equal Amenities
C)
Providing Unemployed Rural Agriculturists
D)
Providing Unemployed Rural with Amenities
PURA stands for "Providing Urban Amenities in Rural Areas," a concept associated with Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam for rural development. Hence option (a) is correct. The other options are incorrect because they either expand PURA with unrelated words like unemployed/agriculturists or change the meaning to equal amenities, which is not the standard full form of PURA.
Total Number of National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary respectively in Mizoram is
A)
1 and 6
B)
2 and 8
C)
2 and 6
D)
3 and 8
Mizoram has 2 National Parks and 6 Wildlife Sanctuaries, so the correct answer is option (c) 2 and 6. The other options are incorrect because they either understate or overstate one or both counts: (a) gives only 1 National Park and 6 sanctuaries, (b) gives 2 National Parks but 8 sanctuaries, and (d) gives 3 National Parks and 8 sanctuaries, none of which match the official figures for Mizoram.
The base year currently in use for measuring national income in India, also known as national income at constant price is -
A)
2001-02 prices
B)
2004-05 prices
C)
2011-12 prices
D)
2012-13 prices
The correct answer is **2011-12 prices**. India’s current base year for measuring national income at constant prices (used in the revised GDP series) is **2011-12**. This means national income is expressed in real terms by comparing output with prices of the 2011-12 base year.
Why the other options are incorrect:
- **2004-05 prices**: This was the earlier base year, but it has been replaced.
- **2001-02 prices**: This was an even older base year and is no longer in use.
- **2012-13 prices**: This is not the official base year for India’s national income series.
Hence, the correct option is **c**.
LPG consists of mainly-
A)
Methane, ethane and hexane
B)
Methane, hexane and nonane
C)
Ethane, hexane and nonane
D)
Methane, butane and propane
LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) consists mainly of propane and butane, with small traces of other light hydrocarbons. Among the given choices, option d is the closest and correct one because it includes propane and butane, which are the principal components of LPG. The other options are incorrect because they include methane, ethane, hexane, or nonane as major constituents; these are not the main components of LPG. Methane and ethane are lighter natural gas components, while hexane and nonane are much heavier hydrocarbons and are not typical major constituents of LPG.
The Indian Research station Himadri is located at:
A)
Siachen
B)
Darjeeling
C)
Antartica
D)
Arctic region.
Himadri is the Indian research station located in the Arctic region (at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway). It is India’s permanent Arctic research station used for studies in climate, atmospheric sciences, and polar research. The other options are incorrect because Antarctica is home to India’s stations like Maitri and Bharati, Siachen is a glacier/military area in the Himalayas, and Darjeeling is a hill station in West Bengal, not a polar research site.
The first Asian Winner of Nobel Prize-
A)
Rabindranath Tagore
B)
Mother Teresa
C)
C.V. Raman
D)
Rajiv Gandhi
Rabindranath Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his work Gitanjali. The other options are incorrect because Mother Teresa won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979, C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, and Rajiv Gandhi did not win a Nobel Prize.
What is the position of India in terms of milk production?
A)
First
B)
Second
C)
Third
D)
Fourth
India is the largest milk producer in the world, so its position is First. Therefore, option (a) is correct. The other options are incorrect because India is not Second, Third, or Fourth in milk production; it ranks above all of them.
The world’s first country to repeal same-sex marriage?
A)
Greece
B)
Bermuda
C)
Portugal
D)
South Africa
Bermuda is the correct answer because it became the first country to legalize same-sex marriage and then repeal it. In 2018, Bermuda’s Supreme Court struck down the ban, but later that year the government passed the Domestic Partnership Act, which removed marriage rights for same-sex couples and replaced them with domestic partnerships.
The other options are incorrect: Greece has legalized same-sex marriage, not repealed it; Portugal legalized same-sex marriage and has not repealed it; South Africa was the first African country to legalize same-sex marriage and has not repealed it.
Who has been sworn-in as the new Chairman of the US Federal Reserve?
A)
Randal K. Quarles
B)
Ben Bernanke
C)
Janet Yellen
D)
Jerome H Powell
Jerome H. Powell is the correct answer because he was sworn in as the Chairman of the US Federal Reserve in February 2018, succeeding Janet Yellen. Randal K. Quarles is a Federal Reserve Vice Chair, not the Chair. Ben Bernanke served as Fed Chair earlier (2006–2014) and was not the new chairman in this context. Janet Yellen was the immediate predecessor of Powell, not the new appointee.
Which country signs Nato accession agreement on February 2019 to become the alliance’s 30th member?
A)
Greece
B)
Macedonia
C)
Turkey
D)
Cyprus
Macedonia (now officially North Macedonia) signed the NATO accession agreement in February 2019, paving the way for it to become NATO’s 30th member. The other options are incorrect because Cyprus is not a NATO member and has not signed such an accession agreement; Greece joined NATO long before 2019; and Turkey is already a long-standing NATO member since 1952.