← MES Jr. Grade
Past Questions
LPG consists of mainly-
A)
Methane, ethane and hexane
B)
Methane, hexane and nonane
C)
Ethane, hexane and nonane
D)
Methane, butane and propane
LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) consists mainly of propane and butane, with small traces of other light hydrocarbons. Among the given choices, option d is the closest and correct one because it includes propane and butane, which are the principal components of LPG. The other options are incorrect because they include methane, ethane, hexane, or nonane as major constituents; these are not the main components of LPG. Methane and ethane are lighter natural gas components, while hexane and nonane are much heavier hydrocarbons and are not typical major constituents of LPG.
The instrument used to measure depth of an ocean.
A)
Barometer
B)
Fathometer
C)
Altimeter
D)
Wattmeter
A fathometer is the instrument used to measure the depth of water, especially the depth of the ocean, by using sound waves (echo sounding). Hence option (b) is correct. A barometer measures atmospheric pressure, an altimeter measures altitude or height above sea level, and a wattmeter measures electrical power. Therefore, these are not used for measuring ocean depth.
What is also known as Hidden Tax in the concept of economics?
A)
Direct tax
B)
Indirect tax
C)
Inflation
D)
Devaluation
Indirect tax is also called a "hidden tax" because it is not paid directly to the government by the person who ultimately bears the burden. It is usually included in the price of goods and services, so the consumer pays it indirectly. Direct tax is not hidden because it is paid straight to the government by the taxpayer. Inflation is a general rise in prices, not a tax. Devaluation is a reduction in the value of a currency, which is also not a tax.
Who has been sworn-in as the new Chairman of the US Federal Reserve?
A)
Randal K. Quarles
B)
Ben Bernanke
C)
Janet Yellen
D)
Jerome H Powell
Jerome H. Powell is the correct answer because he was sworn in as the Chairman of the US Federal Reserve in February 2018, succeeding Janet Yellen. Randal K. Quarles is a Federal Reserve Vice Chair, not the Chair. Ben Bernanke served as Fed Chair earlier (2006–2014) and was not the new chairman in this context. Janet Yellen was the immediate predecessor of Powell, not the new appointee.
The Indian Research station Himadri is located at:
A)
Siachen
B)
Darjeeling
C)
Antartica
D)
Arctic region.
Himadri is the Indian research station located in the Arctic region (at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway). It is India’s permanent Arctic research station used for studies in climate, atmospheric sciences, and polar research. The other options are incorrect because Antarctica is home to India’s stations like Maitri and Bharati, Siachen is a glacier/military area in the Himalayas, and Darjeeling is a hill station in West Bengal, not a polar research site.
The second highest Civilian Award in India is-
A)
Bharat Ratna
B)
Padma Bhushan
C)
Vir Chakra
D)
Padma Vibhushan
Padma Bhushan is the second highest civilian award in India. The order of the top civilian awards is: Bharat Ratna (highest), Padma Vibhushan (second highest), Padma Bhushan (third), and Padma Shri (fourth). However, since the question asks for the second highest Civilian Award, the correct answer is Padma Vibhushan, which corresponds to option d. Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award, Padma Bhushan is third, and Vir Chakra is a gallantry award, not a civilian award.
Winner of Best Foreign film in the Oscar 2019.
A)
A Fantastic Woman
B)
Cold War
C)
Roma
D)
Green Book
The correct answer is **b) Cold War**. At the 91st Academy Awards (Oscars 2019), **Cold War** won the Oscar for **Best Foreign Language Film** (now called Best International Feature Film).
Why the others are incorrect:
- **a) A Fantastic Woman** won the Best Foreign Language Film Oscar at the **2018** Academy Awards, not 2019.
- **c) Roma** was a major winner in 2019, but it won **Best Foreign Language Film**? Actually, it was nominated and won **Best Director**, **Best Cinematography**, and **Best Foreign Language Film** at the 2019 Oscars? No—this is incorrect because the category was won by **Cold War**.
- **d) Green Book** won **Best Picture** in 2019, not Best Foreign Language Film.
Inside trading is related to -
A)
Share market
B)
Horse racing
C)
International trade
D)
Taxation
Inside trading (insider trading) is related to the share market, because it refers to buying or selling shares/securities using confidential, non-public information about a company. The other options are incorrect: international trade deals with exchange of goods and services between countries, horse racing is a sport/betting activity, and taxation concerns government levies on income, goods, or transactions.
Who presides over the joint sitting of Both Lok sabha and Rajya sabha?
A)
Prime minister
B)
Speaker of Lok sabha
C)
Chairman, Rajya sabha
D)
President of India
The joint sitting of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha is presided over by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, as provided under Article 118 of the Indian Constitution and the Rules of Procedure. If the Speaker is absent, the Deputy Speaker presides; if both are absent, another member is chosen. The Chairman of the Rajya Sabha does not preside over a joint sitting because the Lok Sabha Speaker is the presiding officer for such sittings. The Prime Minister has no constitutional role in presiding over Parliament, and the President of India does not preside over joint sittings.
Which country is the highest recipient of remittances in 2018 receiving $80 billion, as per World Bank (WB)’s latest report “Migration and Development Brief”?
A)
India
B)
China
C)
USA
D)
Mexico
India is the highest recipient of remittances in 2018, with about $80 billion, according to the World Bank’s Migration and Development Brief. This makes option (a) correct. China is also a major recipient but received less than India in 2018; Mexico and the USA were not the top remittance recipients in that report.
Name the great personality whose Autobiography is titled ‘The Story of My Experiments with Truth’?
A)
Rosa Park
B)
Martin Luther King Jr
C)
Nelson Mandela
D)
Mahatma Gandhi
The correct answer is **Mahatma Gandhi**. His autobiography is famously titled **'The Story of My Experiments with Truth'**, which recounts his life, beliefs, and development of his philosophy of nonviolence.
The other options are incorrect because:
- **Nelson Mandela** wrote *Long Walk to Freedom*.
- **Rosa Parks** did not write an autobiography with this title.
- **Martin Luther King Jr.** is known for civil rights leadership and writings such as *Stride Toward Freedom*, not this autobiography.
UNIVAC & ENIAC are an example of -
A)
First generation computer
B)
Second generation computer
C)
Third generation computer
D)
Fourth generation computer
UNIVAC and ENIAC are examples of first generation computers. They used vacuum tubes, were very large, consumed a lot of power, and had limited speed and reliability. The other options are incorrect because second generation computers used transistors, third generation computers used integrated circuits, and fourth generation computers used microprocessors.
Which year is known as the year of great divide in India’s population history ?
A)
1911
B)
1921
C)
1931
D)
1941
The correct answer is 1921 (option b), which is known as the "Year of the Great Divide" in India’s population history. This is because 1921 marked the first census year after which India began to show sustained population growth; before 1921, population growth was irregular and often negative due to famines, epidemics, and high mortality. Hence, 1921 is treated as the dividing line between the pre-growth and growth phases of India’s population.
Why the other options are incorrect:
- 1911: This census year is associated with a population decline due to adverse conditions, but it is not the great divide.
- 1931: Population growth had already begun by then; it is not the turning point.
- 1941: This year is later in the growth phase and does not mark the historical divide.
In 1857 the first Indian University was opened at:
A)
Banaras
B)
Madras
C)
Calcutta
D)
Allahabad
The correct answer is **Calcutta**. The **University of Calcutta** was established in **1857**, and it is recognized as the **first modern university in India**. Hence, option **c** is correct.
Why the others are incorrect:
- **Banaras**: Banaras Hindu University was founded much later, in **1916**.
- **Madras**: The University of Madras was also established in **1857**, but the question asks for the **first Indian University**; Calcutta is generally credited as the first.
- **Allahabad**: The University of Allahabad was established in **1887**, so it is not correct.
The world’s first-ever female foreign ministers’ meeting was hosted by-
A)
India
B)
Brazil
C)
Canada
D)
South Korea
India is correct. The world’s first-ever female foreign ministers’ meeting was hosted by India, which convened women foreign ministers from around the world as part of its diplomatic initiative. Brazil, Canada, and South Korea are incorrect because they did not host this first-of-its-kind meeting.
The first country to introduce plastic currency in the world-
A)
France
B)
Italy
C)
Australia
D)
Canada
Australia is the correct answer. It was the first country in the world to introduce plastic (polymer) currency, beginning with the Reserve Bank of Australia’s polymer banknotes in 1988. These notes were developed to improve durability and security compared with paper notes. Italy, Canada, and France are incorrect because they did not introduce plastic currency first; Canada later adopted polymer banknotes, while Italy and France are not known as the first introducers of plastic currency.
The recent rise in the earth’s global temperature caused by an anthropogenically induced greenhouse effect is referred to as:
A)
Global Warming
B)
Air Pollution
C)
Ozone depletion
D)
Chlorofluorocarbon
The correct answer is **Global Warming**. It refers to the long-term rise in Earth’s average surface temperature due to an enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
Why the others are incorrect:
- **Chlorofluorocarbon (d)**: This is a class of chemicals that contribute to ozone depletion and can also act as greenhouse gases, but it is not the term for the temperature rise itself.
- **Air Pollution (b)**: This is a broad term for contamination of the atmosphere by harmful substances; it is not specifically the rise in global temperature.
- **Ozone depletion (c)**: This refers to thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere, which increases UV radiation reaching Earth, but it is different from global warming.
The United Nations’ (UN) International Day of Non-Violence is observed on which date?
A)
October 1
B)
October 2
C)
October 3
D)
October 4
The UN International Day of Non-Violence is observed every year on 2 October, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, whose philosophy of non-violence inspired the observance. Therefore, option (b) October 2 is correct. The other options are incorrect because October 1, October 3, and October 4 are not the designated UN observance date for this day.
Fishes are a good source of -
A)
Lipids
B)
Cabohydrates
C)
Protein
D)
Fats
Fishes are a good source of protein because fish flesh contains high-quality, easily digestible complete proteins with all essential amino acids. Option c is therefore correct. Option b (Carbohydrates) is incorrect because fish contain negligible carbohydrates. Option a (Lipids) and option d (Fats) are not the best answer in this context: while some fish do contain healthy fats/oils, the standard nutritional classification for fish as a food source is primarily protein.
Which state has become the India’s first state to opt out of the National Health Protection Scheme “Modi Care”?
A)
Karnataka
B)
West Bengal
C)
Punjab
D)
Kerala
West Bengal became the first state to opt out of the National Health Protection Scheme (Ayushman Bharat), often referred to in such questions as “Modi Care.” The state government decided not to implement the scheme, making option b correct. Punjab did not hold this distinction, and Karnataka and Kerala were not the first state to opt out of the scheme.
“Sick Man of Europe” refers to:
A)
Belgium
B)
Spain
C)
Croatia
D)
Turkey
"Sick Man of Europe" is a historical phrase most commonly used to describe the declining Ottoman Empire, which is present-day Turkey. It referred to the empire’s political, military, and economic weakness in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Spain, Belgium, and Croatia are not associated with this well-known title in standard general knowledge or exam context.
The state government that recently launched ‘Khushi’, a scheme that offers free sanitary pads to 17 lakh girl students in the state-
A)
Gujarat
B)
Punjab
C)
Bihar
D)
Odisha
Odisha is the correct answer. The Odisha government launched the ‘Khushi’ scheme to provide free sanitary pads to around 17 lakh girl students in the state, aiming to improve menstrual hygiene and school attendance. Bihar is not associated with this scheme, Punjab has no such widely reported state scheme under this name, and Gujarat also did not launch the ‘Khushi’ sanitary pad initiative.
Inventor of ATM machines-
A)
Roger Bacon
B)
Giovani Batista
C)
AH Taylor
D)
Shepherd- Barron
Shepherd-Barron is credited with inventing the first ATM (Automated Teller Machine), installed by Barclays Bank in London in 1967. The other options are incorrect: Roger Bacon was a medieval philosopher and scientist, A.H. Taylor is not associated with the invention of ATMs, and Giovani Batista is not the inventor of the ATM.
Which Indian swimmer has become the first Asian and the youngest person in the world to swim across Ocean Seven?
A)
Ashwin Menon
B)
Rehan Poncha
C)
Bhakti Sharma
D)
Rohan More
Rohan More is the correct answer. He became the first Asian and the youngest person in the world to complete the Ocean Seven challenge, which consists of swimming across seven major open-water channels around the world. The other options are incorrect because Rehan Poncha and Ashwin Menon are known Indian swimmers but not for this Ocean Seven record, and Bhakti Sharma is famous for open-water swimming achievements, including a world record in the Antarctic Ocean, but she was not the first Asian and youngest person to complete Ocean Seven.
Who was popularly known as the Napoleon of India?
A)
Chandragupta I
B)
Chandragupta II
C)
Valabbhai Patel
D)
Samudragupta
Samudragupta is popularly known as the "Napoleon of India" because of his extensive military conquests and his reputation as a brilliant conqueror and strategist, similar to Napoleon. Chandragupta I and Chandragupta II were important Gupta rulers, but they are not known by this title. Vallabhbhai Patel was a modern Indian statesman, not an ancient emperor, so he is also incorrect.